中段胰腺切除术与远端胰腺切除术术后并发症及远期生存质量比较的meta分析

目的探讨中段胰腺切除术和远端胰腺切除术术后并发症的差异和远期生存质量的区别。方法计算机检索在2015年12月31日前在Medline、Embase、Web of science、Science direct、Springer link、Cochrane center数据库上公开发表的关于CP和DP手术术式选择的随机对照试验或严格设计的临床对照试验。按纳入排除标准由2位研究者独立进行文献筛选(PRISMA标准)、资料提取和方法学质量评价后,采用Rev Man 5.2软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入文献10篇,共包含病例数797例,其中行CP例数为355例,行DP例数为442例。Meta分析表明:在术后并发症方面:CP和DP在术后胰瘘[RR=1.46,95%CI(1.07~2.10),P=0.02]、手术时间[WMD 33.40,95%CI(16.36,50.43),P=0.0001];术中失血量[WMD-129.06,95%CI(-233.28,-24.84),P=0.02]和术后总体并发症[RR 1.30,95%CI(1.05,1.62),P=0.02]的差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。而在术后的住院时间、再手术、出血和病死率的差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。远期胰腺内分泌功能障碍[RR=1.46,95%CI(1.07~2.10),P0.05]、胰腺外分泌功能不全[RR=0.61,95%CI(0.44~0.86),P=0.004]的差异有统计学意义。结论中段胰腺切除术由于在术后胰腺内分泌功能障碍和外分泌功能不全低于远端胰腺切除术,值得临床上推广,但需要严格把握手术指征和术后管理,但仍需多中心、大样本、前瞻性RCT研究验证。     

Trends in digital joint motion following surgical reconstruction of a tendon rupture after distal radius fracture

BackgroundTendon rupture has been recognized as a complication of distal radius fracture (DRF); however, the clinical outcome of reconstructive surgery for this injury remains unclear. We examined prognostic factors for the outcomes of reconstructive surgery in patients with a tendon rupture after DRF.MethodsThis study was a retrospective review of a case series. Seventy-five consecutive patients were treated at our institution for tendon rupture after DRF. The cohort included 14 males and 61 females with a mean age of 67.7 years at the time of tendon reconstruction. Sixty-four and eighteen tendon ruptures occurred after non-operative management for DRF and palmar locking plate fixation, respectively. Seven ruptured tendons received a free tendon graft from the palmaris longus tendon, and the others underwent tendon transfers. All patients were managed postoperatively by our hand therapy unit according to a controlled active mobilization regime.ResultsThe mean follow-up period was 28 weeks (range: 12–80 weeks). Patients with extensor tendon ruptures were significantly younger than those with flexor tendon ruptures regardless of the initial DRF treatment. The mean percentage active range of motion of the injured digits relative to normal active motion (%AROM) at the final follow-up was 70% (range: 30–101%) in all patients. The %AROM after flexor tendon reconstruction for patients after non-operative management was significantly inferior to that of other patients. Multiple regression analysis revealed that aging and non-operative management of DRF are independent risk factors for poor %AROM.ConclusionsThis study confirmed that advanced age and non-operative management of DRF were prognostic factors for digital joint motion following surgical reconstruction for tendon rupture. Our results suggest that it may be difficult to achieve good clinical outcomes in elderly patients with tendon ruptures (particularly flexor tendon ruptures) following non-operative management of DRF.     

Risks of injury in distal metatarsal minimally invasive osteotomy when comparing standard and modified techniques: A cadaveric study

BackgroundThe objectives of the study were to evaluate the structures at risk in distal metatarsal mini-invasive osteotomy (DMMO) and to compare standard and intraosseous approaches.MethodsDMMO was performed on the second and fourth metatarsals of 11 fresh-frozen cadaveric specimens. The standard technique was performed in 11 metatarsals. It was then compared to a modified intraosseous technique that entails starting inside the bone in 11 other metatarsals. The cadavers were dissected to identify unintentional injury to soft tissue structures.ResultsIn the standard group the most injured structures were the metatarsal joint capsules (MJC) (27%), extensor digitorum longus (EDL) (18%), and extensor digitorum brevis (EDB) (9%). The modified intraosseous group injured the EDL (27%), not the MJC (0%) and the EDB (0%). Distances between osteotomies and the dorsal metatarsal head articular surface (DMHAS) were 6.08 ± 3.99 mm in the standard and 9.92 ± 3.42 mm in the modified (p = 0.02).ConclusionThe DMMO techniques most frequently injured the EDL. Intra-articular positioning of the osteotomy was more observed in the standard. Overall, it appears the modified method could be an alternative to the standard DMMO.Clinical relevanceThe modified minimally invasive DMMO has a comparable rate of potential iatrogenic injuries. This intraosseous procedure may present as an option when planning surgery to the lesser metatarsals.Level of EvidenceLevel III. Comparative Cadaveric Study.     

胃空肠“裤形吻合”在腹腔镜辅助远端胃癌根治术中的应用

目的探讨胃空肠“裤形吻合”在腹腔镜辅助远端胃癌根治消化道重建中应用的安全性和可行性。方法2018年6~12月,采用胃空肠裤形吻合完成腹腔镜远端胃癌根治后毕Ⅱ式消化道重建96例。腹腔镜下胃切除完成后,上腹正中做5~7 cm切口。在拟行胃空肠吻合前,用直线切割闭合器在空肠肠壁开口处行空肠输入输出襻侧侧吻合,用圆形吻合器吻合输入输出襻共同开口于残胃。结果96例手术均获成功,切口长度4.8~6.8 cm(平均5.3 cm),手术总时间125~235 min(平均155.8 min),消化道重建时间15~33 min(平均22 min),术中出血量20~200 ml(平均50 ml),术后排气时间3~5 d(平均3.5 d),进流食时间2~3 d(平均2.7 d),进半流食时间4~6 d(平均5.5 d),术后住院时间7~12 d(平均8.2 d)。围手术期无严重并发症。术后随访3~9个月(平均6个月),1例小肠梗阻,保守治疗,无其他并发症。结论胃空肠裤形吻合操作简单、快捷,不增加手术复杂度,用于腹腔镜远端胃癌根治毕Ⅱ式消化道重建安全、可行。     

Volar locking plate: Age related outcomes and complications

BackgroundThere is no unanimity for the treatment of distal radius fractures in older people. The purpose of our study is to assess the efficacy of volar locking plate for the treatment of unstable distal radius fractures in older independent individuals.MethodsA retrospective comparative study of 105 patients. 58 patients were below the age of 55 years and 47 above the age of 55 years. Mean follow-up was 18.4 months in patients below the age of 55 years and 18.1 months above the age of 55 years. Wrist movements, complications, reoperations, grip strength, Visual Analogue Score (VAS) for pain, Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score, and Mayo wrist score were analysed.ResultsThere was no statistical difference in the wrist movements, grip strength, complications, reoperations, VAS, QuickDASH and Mayo scores. Mean grip strength under 55 was 84.1 and above 55 was 84.5 (p = 0.87). The complication rate was 19.1% above 55 years of age and 17.2% below the age of 55years (p = 0.79). The reoperation rate above 55 years was 8.5% and below 55 years was 8.6% (p = 0.50). Mean VAS under 55 years of age was 1.6 and above 55 years was 1.7 (p = 0.58). Mean Mayo score in under 55 was 80.7 and 80.1 in above 55 (p = 0.78). Mean Quick DASH score under 55 was 20.9 and above 55 was 21.0 (p = 0.97).ConclusionOur results indicate that outcomes in older independent patients are satisfactory with a comparable complication and reoperation rate with younger individuals. We conclude that a volar locking plate is a favourable modality for the treatment of unstable distal radius fractures in older patients.