淮北地区不同生境中粉螨的生物多样性研究

目的探讨淮北地区不同环境粉螨群落结构。方法选取仓储环境(储藏物和/或地尘)、人居环境(卧室或学生宿舍中的床尘及地尘)和工作环境(纺织厂和/或制药厂工作车间中的地尘)等3类不同环境,采样点各40个,每个采样点各采集样本2份,每份l0g。过筛后留取尘渣,进行粉螨的采集、分类、鉴定及计数以及数据分析。结果3类不同环境共检获粉螨31种,隶属于7科21属,多样性分析结果表明:3类环境的粉螨平均孳生密度最高的是仓储环境,为57.2±6.2%,物种数为24,物种丰富指数为2.42,多样性指数为1.35,均匀度指数为0.97。结论3类不同环境中粉螨的孽十密度及多样性差异较大。     

人胚脑与脊髓神经干细胞体外生物学特性的差异

目的:探讨人胚脑源性神经干细胞和脊髓源性神经干细胞的体外培养和分化的差异。方法:从人胚脑组织和脊髓组织中分离培养神经干细胞,分为EGF组、bFGF组、EGF±bFGF组,在连续传代过程中观察并比较神经干细胞体外培养特性的差异:用血清诱导神经干细胞分化,观察其分化状况的不同。结果:从人胚脑组织分离的细胞在bFGF 单独存在时无法形成神经球,在EGF或EGF±bFGF存在时形成大量具有连续增殖能力的神经球;从人胚脊髓组织分离的细胞在EGF单独存在时无法形成神经球,在bFGF单独存在时只形成少量神经球,在EGF±bFGF存在时形成大量具有连续增殖能力的神经球。同样在EGF±bFGF存在的情况下,脑源性于细胞的增殖速度较快。经血清诱导后,脑组织来源的干细胞分化为NSE阳性细胞数明显多于脊髓组织来源的干细胞,二者之间的差异具有显著性(P<0．05)。结论:脑源性和脊髓源性神经干细胞在生长和分化方面有明显差别:脑源性神经干细胞可在bFGF或EGF士bFGF存在的情况下长期传代,而脊髓源性神经干细胞只能在EGF±bFGF存在的情况下长期传代,脑源性干细胞的增殖能力明显高于脊髓源性干细胞;脑源性干细胞较脊髓源性干细胞更易分化为神经元。     

电子胃镜与病理诊断慢性胃炎差异的相关因素分析

目的通过对胃镜下直视诊断慢性胃炎与病理诊断结果进行对比分析,探讨造成两者之间差异的相关因素,并提出相应建议,提高胃镜医师对慢性胃炎的正确认识。方法选择我院经胃镜或病理诊断为慢性胃炎的150例患者,对比其胃镜诊断与病理诊断结果,计算两者的符合率。结果CSG与CAG的胃镜诊断与病理诊断符合率分别为56.3%和58.1%,两种方法对胃镜诊断的一致性较差。结论提高慢性胃炎的诊断,应胃镜与病理诊断相结合,规范胃镜下操作,并采取准确、多部位取材活检以及规范病理检查和诊断标准。     

颈型颈椎病患者不同年龄段颈椎功能障碍类型的差异

目的 研究颈型颈椎病患者不同年龄段颈椎功能障碍类型的差异.方法 收集颈型颈椎病患者294例,采用颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)评估颈椎功能(包括颈痛及相关症状、日常生活活动能力),比较不同年龄段患者在颈椎功能障碍类型上的差异.结果 30岁以上各年龄段总的颈椎功能障碍评分均较18～30岁严重.侧重的功能障碍类型:31～40岁...     

“针上灸”法与“温针灸”法临床治疗效应的差异比较

目的：通过“针上灸”法与“温针灸”法治疗寒凝血瘀型原发性痛经,来比较“针上灸”法与“温针灸”法临床治疗效应的差异。方法：将患者随机分为“针上灸”组和“温针灸”组,采取相应的治疗,并进行观察。结果：“针上灸”组与“温针灸”组总有效率分别为94．44％、82．86％,通过X^2检验分析,2组总有效率之间没有显著的差异（P〉0．05）;比较2组治疗前后的疼痛积分数据,“针上灸”法的近期疗效要优于“温针灸”法,随访结果显示2种方法的远期疗效都有待提高。结论：“针上灸”法与“温针灸”法临床疗效确切,但前者温热效应更快速,可控性更好;可以充分发挥艾灸时艾油的作用;能最大限度避免出现患者被烫伤和烧坏床单的事故,使患者能以放松的体态和心态接受治疗,达到“两神合一”的最佳治疗效果。     

不同剂量瑞舒伐他汀钙对冠心病合并高脂血症老年患者的疗效对比

目的：探讨不同剂量瑞舒伐他汀钙对冠心病合并高脂血症老年患者疗效的差异。方法：选择冠心病合并高脂血症患者70例为临床研究对象,随机分为两组,两组患者均给予瑞舒伐他汀钙治疗,其中对照组给予每日20mg,实验组每日给予40mg,观察比较两组疗效差异。结果：实验组治疗效果优于对照组患者（P〈0.05）;两组患者不良反应比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：在冠心病合并高脂血症患者治疗期间给予每日40mg瑞舒伐他汀钙的效果较好,且安全性较高。     

抑郁障碍患者主观与客观认知功能的差异性研究

背景 抑郁障碍患者的主观认知功能与客观认知功能存在差异。目前,关于主客观认知功能差异影响因素的研究有限。目的 探索抑郁障碍患者主观和客观认知功能的差异及其影响因素,为进一步理解抑郁障碍患者认知功能受损情况提供参考。方法 纳入2022年1月13日—2023年12月11日在成都市第四人民医院门诊就诊或住院治疗的、符合《精神障碍诊断与统计手册（第5版）》（DSM-5）抑郁障碍诊断标准的77例患者为研究对象。采用蒙哥马利-艾森贝格抑郁量表（MADRS）评定患者抑郁症状严重程度,采用抑郁感知缺陷问卷（PDQ-D）和中国简版神经认知成套测验（C-BCT）分别评定患者的主观认知功能和客观认知功能,采用席汉残疾量表（SDS）评定患者的社会功能,以临床总体印象量表-疾病严重程度量表（CGI-SI）评定患者病情严重程度。采用Pearson相关分析考查年龄、受教育年限、MADRS总评分、SDS总评分、CGI-SI评分与主客观认知功能及其差异的相关性。采用多元线性回归探索主客观认知功能差异的影响因素。结果 是否用药的抑郁障碍患者PDQ-D总评分和主客观认知功能差异（D值）比较差异均有统计学意义（t=-4.2...     

Surgical excision margins in primary cutaneous melanoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundThe main treatment of primary cutaneous melanoma is surgery. This review aims to assess the width of excision margin that minimises the risk of adverse outcome from surgery, locoregional recurrence, distant recurrence, and death.MethodsPRISMA guidelines were followed. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and four other databases were searched by using the term “melanoma”, “margin”, and limiting the search to randomised clinical trials (RCTs).ResultsSeven RCTs involving 4579 patients data were analysed. No statistically significant difference was found in locoregional recurrence RR 1.09 (95%CI 0.98–1.22, p = 0.12), local recurrence RR 1.20 (95%CI 0.66–2.21, p = 0.55), in-transit metastasis RR1.30 (95%CI 0.86–1.97, p = 0.21), regional nodal metastasis RR 1.04 (95%CI 0.91–1.18, p = 0.56), distant metastasis RR 0.95 (95%CI 0.72–1.24, p = 0.68), death RR 1.00 (95%CI 0.93–1.07, p = 0.97), death from melanoma RR 1.11 (95%CI 0.96–1.28, p = 0.16), wound infection RR 1.22 (95%CI 0.68–2.17, p = 0.50), and wound dehiscence RR 0.96 (95%CI 0.54–1.71, p = 0.88) when narrow (1–2 cm) versus wide (3–5 cm) excision margins were compared. In contrast, patients with narrow excision margins had a significant reduction in complex surgical reconstruction RR 0.30 (95%CI 0.19–0.49, p < 00001). When studies were excluded because of high risk of bias the only significant difference was death due to melanoma RR 1.25 (95%CI1.01–1.55, P = 0.04).ConclusionsNo significant difference between narrow and wide excision margins in locoregional or distant recurrence, metastasis, death, or death due to melanoma. Wide margins (2–5 cm) increased the need for surgical reconstruction. Further studies are needed to assess optimal excision margins with regards to Breslow thickness and other prognostic factors and are in progress.     

Dual-centered ANCOVA: Resolving contradictory results from Lord's paradox with implications for reducing bias in longitudinal analyses

IntroductionValid causal inferences are necessary to use developmental research to improve adolescent outcomes. What type of change should be analyzed to approximate causal inferences from longitudinal data? Difference-score and ANCOVA-type analyses often produce contradictory results, a problem known as Lord's paradox. This study investigates 2-group, 2-wave difference-score analyses and ANCOVA, and introduces a method that produces consistent results, namely dual-centered ANCOVA, which is compared to pretest matching.MethodsThese methods are tested first on two datasets simulated to fit each of Lord's contrasting results. The methods are then applied to data investigating the longitudinal associations of parent-adolescent discussions about sexual risks on subsequent unprotected sexual behaviors in 4753 American adolescents (62.2% whites).ResultsThe results replicate Lord's contradictory results for all datasets. Dual-centered ANCOVA and pretest matching both produce consistent results, but dual-centered ANCOVA replicates the original results for difference-score analyses, whereas pretest matching replicates the original ANCOVA results. Thus, the two sets of consistent results differ from each other as much as the original discrepancy rather than reducing bias.ConclusionThe least biased analysis is the one whose null hypothesis best approximates a plausible change pattern to represent a no-treatment effect. When difference-score analyses are thought to approximate valid causal inferences as closely as ANCOVA-type analyses, dual-centered ANCOVA estimates the difference-score effect while retaining the advantages of ANCOVA in statistical power and covariate inclusion. These findings are widely applicable to longitudinal analyses that incorporate one or both of these basic methods to analyze change.     

Identifying nonlinear difference equation and functional expansion representations: The fast orthogonal algorithm

A method is presented for identifying functional expansion and difference equation representations for nonlinear systems. The method relies on an orthogonal approach which does not require explicit creation of orthogonal functions. This greatly reduces computing time, so that 15-fold increases in speed of estimating kernels or difference equation coefficients are readily obtainable, compared with a previous orthogonal technique. In addition, storage requirements are considerably diminished. A wide variety of input excitation, both random and deterministic, can be used, and the method is not limited to inputs which are Gaussian, white or lengthy. A model of the peripheral auditory system is simulated to show kernel measurement is free of artifacts using the present method, in contrast to the crosscorrelation approach.