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61.
邹城市预防艾滋病健康教育效果评价   总被引:6,自引:4,他引:2  
目的评价预防艾滋病健康教育与行为干预效果。方法采用问卷方式对社区居民进行预防艾滋病信息的可及性及知信行的调查。结果社区居民艾滋病知晓率为97.41%,熟悉艾滋病传播途径的87.78%,62.78%的认为艾滋病病人或感染者和正常人享有一样的入学/就业权,38.70%的人愿意与感染艾滋病的同事继续共事,60.19%的人愿意与感染艾滋病的家人继续共同生活,最近3次性行为100%使用安全套者为26.48%,82.04%的人有医疗用血安全意识,64.81%的人有医疗器械安全意识。最想获取艾滋病预防措施、传播途径、病理知识、症状表现、治疗方法、检测途径及检测方法、疫情信息,新闻、电视公益广告、专题报道、反映艾滋病病人生活的电影或电视剧、科普材料、大型公益演出人们最喜欢。结论政府重视,多部门合作,组织机构健全,宣传教育广泛,干预措施到位,成效显著。  相似文献   
62.
且的调查和分析门诊设立健康教育室的可能性与必要性,使门诊健康教育工作变得更规范.更系统。更科学、更有效,更经济。方法采用发放问卷的形式,随机对2004年1月-2006年1月在上海市桌三级综合性医院门诊就诊的200例病人进行不记名调查、统计和分析.结果病人在门诊就诊时普遍认为健康教育现状不够理想,而对健康教育需求较迫切,对于开设健康教育室十分受欢迎。结论门诊设立健康教育室可将现有的医院内存在的、分散的、不同形式的健康教育工作纳入一个集中、统一的部门,有利于提高门诊健康教育质量。  相似文献   
63.
目的:讨论萘对人体的慢性毒效应和亚临床客观检测指标。方法:对河南省萘暴露工人(环境接触萘浓度平均为8.25~26.43mg/m3)进行了健康监护和医学动态观察。结果:发现长期萘暴露工人的白细胞、血小板减少及眼晶体混浊检出率显著高于对照组(P<0.001);血清SOD同功酶、GSH-PX活性显著低于对照组,而LPO水平、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)活性水平以及外周血染色体畸变和微核阳性检出率均显著高于对照组(P<0.001)。神经行为功能检查结果,主要为消极情绪增加,记忆力下降等。事件相关电位P300峰潜伏期比对照组显著延长,与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:慢性低浓度萘暴露对工人主要损害部位(靶器官)有皮肤,眼、血液和神经组织等。NCTB、NSE、P300三项可作为早期神经受损的客观指标。  相似文献   
64.
目的 :探讨计算机专业人员的心理健康状况。方法 :以SCL 90为工具 ,对 71名计算机专业人员进行评估。结果 :计算机专业人员SCL 90总分和各因子显著低于全国常模 ;男性员工在躯体化、强迫、人际关系、焦虑、敌对、饮食和睡眠因子上得分显著高于女性员工 ;女性在恐怖因子得分显著高于男性。结论 :计算机专业人员心理症状较少 ,症状严重程度较低 ,男性员工自我感觉与自我评价方面低于女性员工。  相似文献   
65.
The evaluation of healthcare practice and service delivery is fraught with difficulties. Service development and / or delivery occurs within socially dynamic settings which are in a continual state of change. Service development also often involves large elements of improvisation. The action research approach is useful for health service research, as it supports collaboration between researchers and practitioners, and not only allows but makes explicit that the action researcher has both roles within the setting being studied. This paper discusses action research methodology and offers insight into principles that favor its use for service delivery development. This includes consideration of the interactive variables within studies of health care systems and the importance of evaluating relationships between stakeholders to understand how these factors or variables, which cannot be controlled for, are responsible for successful development of the service. Action research facilitates change and helps bridge the heory--practice gap. With the current dynamic changes within both the pharmacy profession and national health services, researchers may find the action research technique of value when considering new roles and innovative ways of engaging in collaborative, multi-disciplinary working to improve delivery of patient care.Accepted july 2004  相似文献   
66.
老年冠心病患者实施健康教育的远期效果分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的:探讨老年冠心病患者实施健康教育的远期效果。方法:110例老年冠心病患者被随机分为健康教育组(教育组)及对照组,每组各55例。在常规治疗的基础上教育组在住院期间及出院后4年内给予健康教育处方结合口头卫生宣教及科普板报知识等经常性的健康教育活动,而对照组不予健康教育。结果:教育组患者对冠心病知识的了解情况、饮食控制情况、规律服药治疗情况比对照组好(P<0.01),出院后再次住院次数比对照组少(P<0.01)。而情绪及吸烟量控制两组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:对老年冠心病患者实施经常性的健康教育是控制疾病恶化的重要措施。  相似文献   
67.
This article considers the unique challenges and opportunities that health care providers (HCPs) face when they address the sexual and reproductive health and rights of young women accessing services. Some of the difficulties that HCPs encounter in their work are highlighted, including poor remuneration, the impact of their personal biases and the effect of an under-equipped working environment. The financial, logistical and emotional challenges young people face in accessing services are also described, as well as some small changes that could promote fruitful partnerships between HCPs and their young clientele. Also considered is how international documents concerning reproductive health can be utilized as advocacy tools to ensure that, when governments speak of making young people's needs a priority, resources are also made a priority-so that reproductive health can become a reality for all young people.  相似文献   
68.
目的为了反映黑龙江省卫生总费用的筹资水平、构成,对黑龙江省2006年卫生总费用进行测算,并对测算结果进行分析,进而提出相应的政策建议。方法本研究运用卫生总费用核算方法中的筹资来源法核算黑龙江省卫生总费用。结果黑龙江省的卫生总费用筹资总额2006年达到了264.98亿元,人均卫生总费用达到了693.12元;卫生总费用占GDP比重为4.28%;政府预算卫生支出占卫生总费用比重为16.11%;社会卫生支出占24.71%;居民个人现金卫生支出占59.18%。就卫生总费用占GDP比重和人均卫生总费用这两项指标来看,与全国相比,黑龙江省表现为双低现象。结论黑龙江省在发展经济的同时,应进一步增加政府对卫生事业的投入;调整黑龙江省卫生总费用筹资结构,平衡政府、社会以及个人在卫生筹资中的责任;进一步完善医疗保障制度,通过各种途径减轻城乡居民的疾病经济负担。  相似文献   
69.
Although previous studies have shown successful treatment of persistent diarrhea (PD) with the use of yogurt-based diets, some recent ones speculate the need of special formulas for the nutritional management of PD complicated cases. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the consumption of 3 lactose-free diets, with different degrees of complexity, is associated with lower stool output and shorter duration of diarrhea when compared with the use of a yogurt-based one on the nutritional management of PD. A total of 154 male infants, aged between 1 and 30 months, with PD and with or without dehydration, were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups. Throughout the study, the patients were placed in a metabolic unit; their body weights and intakes of oral rehydration solution, water, and formula diets, in addition to outputs of stool, urine, and vomit, were measured and recorded at 24-hour intervals. Four different diets were used in this study: diet 1, yogurt-based formula; diet 2, soy-based formula; diet 3, hydrolyzed protein-based formula; and diet 4, amino acid–based formula. Throughout the study, only these formula diets were fed to the children. The data showed that children fed the yogurt-based diet (diet 1) or the amino acid–based diet (diet 4) had a significant reduction in stool output and in the duration of diarrhea. The use of an inexpensive and worldwide-available yogurt-based diet is recommended as the first choice for the nutritional management of mild to moderate PD. For the few complicated PD cases, when available, a more complex amino acid–based diet should be reserved for the nutritional management of these unresponsive and severe presentations. Soy-based or casein-based diets do not offer any specific advantage or benefits and do not seem to have a place in the management of PD.  相似文献   
70.
Research has shown that increasing numbers of teenagers are going online to find health information, but it is unclear whether there are disparities in the prevalence of online health seeking among young Internet users associated with social and economic conditions. Existing literature on Internet uses by adults indicates that low income, less educated, and minority individuals are less likely to be online health seekers. Based on the analysis of data from the Pew Internet and American Life Project for the US, this study finds that teens of low education parents are either as likely as or even more likely than teens of high education parents to seek online health information. Multiple regression analysis shows that the higher engagement in health seeking by teens of low education parents is related to a lower prevalence of parental Internet use, suggesting that some of these teens may be seeking online health information on behalf of their low education parents. Implications of these findings are discussed in relation to the issues of the digital divide and digital empowerment.  相似文献   
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