经支气管镜介入治疗气管支气管结核的效果

目的 探讨对气管支气管结核患者选择经支气管镜介入+抗结核药物治疗后获得的临床效果.方法 选择医院2017年3月—2019年4月收治的78例气管支气管结核患者作为试验对象;数字奇偶法分组后探究每组治疗方法;比照组(39例):选择抗结核药物展开疾病治疗;试验组(39例):选择经支气管镜介入+抗结核药物展开疾病治疗;最终就组间气管支气管结核组间治疗结果 差异展开对比.结果 试验组气管支气管结核患者治疗总有效率(97.44%)高于比照组(74.36%)明显(P<0.05).结论 气管支气管结核患者于临床接受经支气管镜介入+抗结核药物治疗后,利于结核疗效提升,可促进气管支气管结核患者康复进程缩短.     

质子泵抑制剂治疗上消化道出血的疗效观察

目的探讨急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血采用大剂量质子泵抑制剂治疗的疗效。方法将本院2015年6月—2018年6月期间的急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血患者60例进行分组研究,对照组30例给予常规剂量质子泵抑制剂治疗,观察组30例给予大剂量质子泵抑制剂治疗,对治疗效果等相关指标进行分析。结果观察组治疗效果以及生活质量评分与对照组相比较高,止血时间、输血量、住院时间以及不良反应发生率与对照组想比较低,P<0.05。结论大剂量质子泵抑制剂治疗急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血效果较好,有助于提高患者生活质量。     

Faecal immunochemical test outside colorectal cancer screening?

Faecal immunochemical tests (FITs) are the most widely colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnostic biomarker available. Many population screening programmes are based on this biomarker, with the goal of reducing CRC mortality. Moreover, in recent years, a large amount of evidence has been produced on the use of FIT to detect CRC in patients with abdominal symptoms in primary healthcare as well as in surveillance after adenoma resection. The aim of this review is to highlight the available evidence on these two topics. We will summarize the evidence on diagnostic yield in symptomatic patients with CRC and significant colonic lesion and the different options to use this (thresholds, brands, number of determinations, prediction models and combinations). We will include recommendations on FIT strategies in primary healthcare proposed by regulatory bodies and scientific societies and their potential effects on healthcare resources and CRC prognosis. Finally, we will show information regarding FIT-based surveillance as an alternative to endoscopic surveillance after high-risk polyp resection. To conclude, due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, FIT-based strategies have become extremely relevant since they enable a reduction of colonoscopy demand and access to the healthcare system by selecting individuals with the highest risk of CRC.     

多次法根管治疗与一次性根管治疗牙体牙髓病临床疗效观察

目的分析牙体牙髓病患者接受多次法根管治疗与一次性根管治疗的临床疗效。方法将2019年6月~2020年9月作为研究时间段,选取期间我院接诊的74例牙体牙髓病患者,其中12例有牙源性上颌窦炎,另将随机数字表法作为分组依据,将全部病例分为对照组(行多次法根管治疗,纳入37例)、研究组(行一次性根管治疗,纳入37例),对组间牙齿咀嚼情况、治疗效果展开分析。结果研究组牙齿咬合力、牙龈指数(GI)、牙龈出血指数(SBI)在治疗后均优于对照组,且治疗效果(97.29%)优于对照组(78.38%),P<0.05。结论一次性根管治疗对改善牙体牙髓病患者牙齿咀嚼功能、临床症状有较好效果,值得推广。     

IMRT联合TP方案治疗晚期食管鳞癌的临床疗效及对患者血清MMP2、TIMP2、nm23-H1及不良反应的影响

目的分析调强放射治疗(IMRT)联合TP方案治疗晚期食管鳞癌的临床疗效及对患者血清基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP2)、组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂2(TIMP2)、nm23-H1及不良反应的影响。方法选取晚期食管鳞癌患者80例为研究对象,按随机数字表法将其分为观察组(n=40,采用IMRT联合TP方案化疗)、对照组(n=40,单纯采用IMRT治疗),比较2组临床疗效、治疗前后血清MMP2、TIMP2、nm23-H1表达阳性率、局控率与生存情况及不良反应。结果观察组治疗有效率(85.00%)明显高于对照组(65.00%)(P<0.05)。治疗后2组血清MMP2表达阳性率下降,而TIMP2、nm23-H1表达阳性率上升,且观察组治疗后血清MMP2表达阳性率低于对照组,而TIMP2、nm23-H1表达阳性率高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后1年、2年局控率高于对照组,但2组治疗后1年、2年生存率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组白细胞减少、放射性食管炎发生率高于对照组(P<0.05),2组其他不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论晚期食管癌患者采用IMRT联合TP方案治疗可获得较好的疗效,对患者血清MMP2、TIMP2、nm23-H1有明显改善,但可能会较单纯IMRT治疗具有更多不良反应,需加以监测。     

Classification and Diagnostic Criteria for IgG4-Related Sclerosing Cholangitis

IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) can be classified into four types based on cholangiographic findings and regions of biliary stricture. This cholangiographic classification is useful to differentiate IgG4-SC from mimickers including cholangiocarcinoma, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and pancreatic cancer. Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a valuable clue for the diagnosis of IgG4-SC because the two are frequently found in association with each other. Two sets of diagnostic criteria for IgG4-SC have been proposed. In Japan, the clinical diagnostic criteria 2020 were recently developed. These clinical diagnostic criteria include narrowing of the intrahepatic and/or extrahepatic bile duct, thickening of the bile duct wall, serological findings, pathological findings, other organ involvement, and effectiveness of steroid therapy. When these criteria are applied, IgG4-SC is initially classified as associated or not associated with AIP, and cholangiographic classification is used for differential diagnosis. In most instances, IgG4-SC can be diagnosed on the basis of clinical diagnostic criteria. However, it is challenging to diagnose isolated IgG4-SC or IgG4-SC not associated with AIP. Here, we review the classification and diagnostic criteria for IgG4-SC, specifically focusing on the clinical diagnostic criteria 2020 and a large IgG4-SC case series from a nationwide survey in Japan.     

A comparative study of the efficacy and safety of high-flow nasal cannula and nasal continuous positive airway pressure in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:When it comes to preterm newborns, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is the most frequent respiratory condition. Despite the fact that it is well acknowledged that preterm delivery plays a significant role, the causes of lung damage are still not completely understood. In newborns with extremely low birth weight and neonatal RDS, nasal continuous positive airway pressure has been suggested as the first respiratory assistance for spontaneous breathing. In the current research, we aim to carry out a meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and safety of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and non-invasive continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) in patients with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS).Methods:We intend to search the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Wanfang database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Google Scholar, starting from their initial publication until February 2022, to identify randomized controlled trials comparing HFNC to nCPAP in patients with NRDS. The suitable papers will be chosen by 2 writers who will work independently of one another. Using the Cochrane updated technique for risk of bias, each included article will be subjected to an independent data extraction process by the 2 writers who will then independently evaluate the risk of bias. Consequently, a third author will be asked to address any discrepancies that may arise between the writers. It will be necessary to pool the data and do a meta-analysis with the help of the RevMan 5.3 software.Results:In this study, the effectiveness and safety of HFNC will be compared with those of nCPAP in patients with NRDS.Conclusion:If the results of this research are confirmed, they may serve as a summary of the most recent data for non-invasive respiratory assistance in NRDS.Ethics and dissemination:The study will require ethical approval.Registration number:DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/BKSQ5     

Evaluation of efficacy and safety of esmolol in treating patients with septic shock: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:In septic shock cases, tachycardia and a hyperdynamic hemodynamic profile are characteristics of the condition. It has been reported that using beta antagonist esmolol constitutes a form of treatment to reduce heart rate to improve diastolic filling time and elevate cardiac output, which reduces vasopressor support. Still, there are controversial results. Therefore, in this study, the primary objective is to perform a meta-analysis by systematically evaluating the efficiency and security of using esmolol to treat septic shocks.Methods:A systematic literature search for relevant randomized controlled trials that report evaluations on the efficiency and safety of using esmolol to treat septic shock patients from their inception to February 2022 will be conducted in three databases containing publications in Chinese language (WanFang, Chinese BioMedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) and four databases containing English language publications (Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE). The screening of the relevant studies will be performed by a pair of authors independently, and the screening involves examining the title, abstract and full-text stages, data extraction, and bias risk assessment. The results are summarized through the fixed-effects and random-effects models, the respective models will be utilized for data pooling according to the heterogeneity of studies that will be included. Moreover, publication bias is assessed if more than ten studies are considered.Results:The results are a high-quality synthesis of the most recent evidence for esmolol usage in septic shock treatment.Conclusion:Up-to-date evidence will be provided through the results of this systematic review related to assessing the efficacy and safeness of esmolol usage in treating septic shock.Ethics and dissemination:Ethical permissions are not required as prepublished data are used.OSF registration number:DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/SKEZ7