Patient preference for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatment inhalers: a discrete choice experiment in France

Objectives: Understanding inhaler preferences may contribute to improving adherence in COPD patients and improving long-term outcomes. This study aims to identify and quantify preferences for convenience-related inhaler attributes in French moderate-to-severe COPD patients, with discrete choice experiment (DCE) methodology.

Methods: Attributes were defined from a literature search, clinician and patient interviews: shape, dose insertion, dose preparation, dose release, dose confirmation, dose counter and reusability. An online DCE was conducted in respondents with self-reported COPD stage 2–4 recruited through a panel. The study questionnaire included twelve choice scenarios per respondent and questions on patient characteristics, treatment and disease severity. Statistical analyses used a mixed logit regression model with random effects. Utility scores were estimated for four types of inhalers: Inhaler A – soft mist inhaler; Inhaler B – reusable soft mist inhaler; Inhaler C – multi-dose dry powder inhaler; and Inhaler D – single dose dry powder inhaler.

Results: The study was completed by 153 patients (50 females); respondents were 50.4?years old on average; 13 different inhaler devices were reported. The most preferred inhaler is L-shaped, has dose preparation with capsule insertion and a dose counter, and is reusable. Inhaler profiles A and B had the highest utilities (mean of 1.2533 and 0.9578 respectively) compared to inhaler C (0.6315) and D (0.2200).

Conclusions: This study showed statistically significant results that the strongest drivers of preference in French users of inhalation devices for COPD are shape, dose counter and reusability. Convenience-related characteristics are important to patients and should be taken into account by clinicians prescribing these devices.     

布地奈德联合特布他林对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺功能的影响

目的:探究布地奈德与特布他林联合应用于慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者中的治疗效果,并探究其对患者肺功能的影响。方法:选取某院2018年4月~2019年3月收治的COPD患者(n=82例)为实验对象,依据不同的治疗方法,将入选患者分为联合组及单一组,每组41例,其中单一组采用特布他林治疗,联合组采用特布他林联合布地奈德治疗。观察两组患者的治疗效果、不良反应及其治疗前后的肺功能改善情况。结果:联合组的治疗总有效率为95.12%,与单一组的75.61%比较,两者差异显著(χ^2=6.248,P<0.05)。联合组治疗后FEV1为(2.46±0.97)L,显著高于单一组[(1.35±0.32)L,P<0.05];FVC为(2.84±0.66)L,显著高于单一组[(2.26±0.15)L,P<0.05];FEV1/FVC为(65.51±8.96),显著高于单一组[(58.31±7.93),P<0.05]。联合组的总不良反应率为7.32%,低于单一组的12.20%,但差异不显著(χ^2=0.554,P>0.05)。结论:布地奈德结合特布他林治疗COPD具有较好的治疗效果,可显著改善患者的肺功能,减少不良反应,安全性高。     

行为护理干预在冠心病患者中的应用价值分析

目的探究对冠心病患者实施行为护理干预开展临床护理的应用价值。方法在2017年1月-2018年2月时间段内,在我院接受治疗的冠心病患者中,选择86例为研究对象,并使用随机数字表法将入选研究对象均分为各43例的常规组与观察组,常规组与观察组的临床护理方案分别为常规护理、行为护理干预,将两组的依从性、并发症发生率对比。结果经过护理后,观察组的用药、饮食、生活行为以及体育锻炼依从性高于常规组,护理满意度较常规组高,且并发症发生率远低于常规组,组间差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论采用行为护理干预为冠心病患者开展临床护理,可增强患者健康行为依从性,提高患者满意度。     

SARS-CoV-2 Testing Before International Airline Travel,December 2020 to May 2021

Although there have been several case reports and simulation models of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission associated with air travel, there are limited data to guide testing strategy to minimize the risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure and transmission onboard commercial aircraft. Among 9853 passengers with a negative SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test performed within 72 hours of departure from December 2020 through May 2021, five (0.05%) passengers with active SARS-CoV-2 infection were identified with rapid antigen tests and confirmed with rapid molecular test performed before and after an international flight from the United States to Italy. This translates to a case detection rate of 1 per 1970 travelers during a time of high prevalence of active infection in the United States. A negative molecular test for SARS-CoV-2 within 72 hours of international airline departure results in a low probability of active infection identified on antigen testing during commercial airline flight.     

Apalutamide-induced severe interstitial lung disease: A report of two cases from Japan

Apalutamide, a competitive inhibitor of the androgen receptor, is being increasingly used for the treatment of prostate cancer. There have been few reports of interstitial lung disease in clinical trials of apalutamide. However, two cases of apalutamide-induced interstitial lung disease with respiratory failure in Japanese males, who were successfully treated with high-dose corticosteroids, are presented here. These cases suggest that clinicians should be alert to the potentially life-threatening risk of pulmonary toxicity associated with apalutamide treatment.     

Multiomics analyses reveal a critical role of selenium in controlling T cell differentiation in Crohn’s disease

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Association of Multiple Plasma Biomarker Concentrations with Progression of Prevalent Diabetic Kidney Disease: Findings from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study

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