Pressure ulcers in long-term care

Pressure ulcers are common, costly, and debilitating chronic wounds, which occur preferentially in people with advanced age, physical or cognitive impairments, and multiple comorbidities. Residents with pressure ulcers have decreased quality of life and increased morbidity and mortality, and facilities with high rates of pressure ulcers have higher costs and risks of litigation. Health professionals who practice in this setting should be well versed in pressure ulcer management. This article reviews the significance, risk factors, pathophysiology, prevention, diagnosis, and management of pressure ulcers in long-term care.     

老年股骨颈骨折预防压疮辨证施护

为了减少老年人压疮的痛苦,本文通过对由于老年股骨颈骨折形成压疮的原因分析,根据临床经验总结了压疮的预防与辨证施护,提高了患者的生活质量。     

不同体位胸腔镜食管切除术的临床比较

目的比较采取侧卧位和俯卧位两种不同体位进行胸腔镜食管切除术的安全性和有效性。方法回顾性分析2008年1月至2009年12月间复旦大学附属中山医院胸外科收治的88例胸腔镜食管切除术患者的临床资料,其中侧卧位下胸腔镜食管切除术52例（侧卧位组）,俯卧位下食管切除术36例（俯卧位组）。结果两组均无中转开胸病例。与侧卧位组相比...     

护理干预在预防骨科卧床患者褥疮发病中的应用

目的 探讨护理干预对预防骨科卧床患者褥疮发病中的疗效. 方法 应用Norton量表评分法预测骨科卧床患者褥疮发病的潜在危险度,根据分值进行分层护理,观察护理干预组与传统分级护理组对于褥疮发病情况影响. 结果 691 例护理干预组病员有1例发生褥疮,为1期褥疮,而617例传统组病员有6例发生褥疮,其中1期4例,2期2例.护理干预组褥疮的发生率低于常规护理组.结论 采用Norton量表评分法的护理干预能有效减低骨科卧床患者褥疮发病率.     

The biomechanics of sitting-acquired pressure ulcers in patients with spinal cord injury or lesions

Sitting-acquired pressure ulcers (SAPU) in permanent wheelchair users with traumatic or non traumatic disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) are a great medical challenge. The purpose of this review is to summarise what is currently known concerning the aetiology of SAPU, particularly in its severe form, which may now be classified as a 'deep tissue injury' according to the US National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel. Specifically, this review focuses on biomechanical aspects of deep SAPU and describes the relevant bioengineering methodologies and research evidence. It discusses the unique biomechanical conditions in deep tissues, which are caused by chronic sitting associated with CNS disorders, and overall, the present review indicates that avoiding interface pressures above 32 mmHg in such patients is not necessarily a 'pressure relief.'