肿瘤物理治疗技术及设备

简要介绍了肿瘤的放射治疗和热治疗的技术及设备，介绍了各种技术及设备的特点。     

Cartilage destruction in small joints by rheumatoid arthritis: assessment of fat-suppressed three-dimensional gradient-echo MR pulse sequences in vitro

Purpose. To assess the accuracy of different MR sequences for the detection of articular cartilage abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritis. Design and patients. Ten metacarpophalangeal joints and 10 metatarsophalangeal joints (specimens from arthritis patients undergoing ablative joint surgery) were examined with a fat-suppressed (FS) 3D FLASH, a FS 3D FISP, a FS 2D fast spin-echo T2-weighted, and a 2D FS spin-echo T1-weighted sequence. Each cartilage lesion and each cortical lesion was graded from 0 to 4 (modified Outerbridge staging system). Subsequently, the results of each sequence were compared with the macroscopic findings and statistically tested against each other. Results. The study shows that 3D gradient-echo sequences with fat suppression were best for imaging and grading of cartilage lesions in arthritis of the small joints of the hands and feet. Using 3D techniques, all grade 2, grade 3, and grade 4 lesions of cartilage or cortical bone were detected. Conclusion. FS 3D gradient-echo techniques were best for the detection and grading of hyaline cartilage and subchondral bone lesions in rheumatoid arthritis. MRI has a great potential as an objective method of evaluating cartilage damage and bone erosions in rheumatoid arthritis.     

A retrospective mortality study of workers exposed to arsenic in a gold mine and refinery in France

A historical mortality study of a cohort of employees of a gold mining and refining company was carried out in Salsigne, France. A major goal of the study was to investigate the relationship between lung cancer mortality and exposure to arsenic, radon, silica, and other contaminants of the working environment. A twofold excess of lung cancer was found both among miners and smelters, mainly concentrated among workers who had experienced exposure to past levels of arsenic, radon, and silica. The consistency of the results in the mine and the refinery are suggestive of a carcinogenic risk from both soluble and insoluble arsenic, although the potential role of other factors cannot be dismissed. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

超声定量检查技术新进展

近年来，超声定量检查技术在临床的应用为心血管疾病患者的心功能评估提供了量化的依据，本文介绍了超声诊断仪的使用部分最新定量检查技术。     

骨盆骨折槽型固定器的研制及临床应用——附62例临床分析

为解决骨盆不稳定性骨折固定难，易产生并发症的难题，结合骨盆的特征进行研究，设计出一种新型骨盆骨折固定器，经62例骨盆不稳定性骨折的治疗观察，随访6个月～2年零6个月，治疗前后X线检查及临床疗效评定：治愈50例，好转12例，认为该固定器设计合理，操作简便，固定牢靠，有加压、撑开、纠正旋转等多项功能结合干一体，仅通过四枚4mm螺纹针，穿入髂骨的髂前上棘处，是一种治疗骨盆不稳定性骨折比较新颖和理想的外固定器。     

H—TdR前体掺入技术在复方中药抗癌制剂研究中的应用

将一种快速、灵敏、可靠、简便的抗癌活性微量测定技术——~3H—TdR前体掺入技术用于复方中药抗癌制剂制备工艺筛选,短期内即拟定出较合理的工艺,经临床及14项生物学指标综合评定,该制剂疗效好,无明显的毒副作用。表明把一些快速、灵敏的医学检测技术引入药物制备工艺、质量标准及稳定性研究,可克服由于活性成分不清楚带来的一些困难,拓宽了研究途径,提高了研究水平。     

行列资料诊断试验预告值和准确度的一次性标化研究

本文建立了行列资料诊断试验预告值和准确度的一次性标化方法，省去了标化过程理论样本Ｎｔ的设定和求有关理论值的计算过程，导出行列资料中标准化Ⅰ级阳性预告值和标准化Ⅱ级阳性预告值、标准化Ⅰ级阴性预告值和标准化Ⅱ级阴性预告值、标准化可疑预告值和标准化准确度的一次性标化公式。分析了标化与非标化预告值的关系及转化规律。     

The ‘limits’ of medicalization?: Modern medicine and the lay populace in ‘late’ modernity

Taking as its point of departure the medicalization thesis and its limitations, this paper provides a critical discussion of certain more recent theoretical perspectives on life in contemporary society, and their relevance for understanding the relationship between modern medicine and the lay populace. In particular, attention is paid to the contours and existential parameters of life in ‘late’ modernity in terms of the following four key themes: (i) modernity as a ‘reflexive’ social order; (ii) ‘risk’ and the dialectic of scientific and social rationality; (iii) the ‘mediation’ of contemporary experience; and (iv) lay ‘re-skilling’ and the ‘life political’ agenda. On the basis of this, it is argued that far from being simply passive and dependent, a ‘critical distance’ is beginning to emerge between modern medicine and the lay populace; a situation which resonates with broader social trends and currents within society at large.     

基于移动终端的《口腔组织病理学》图谱小程序的开发与评价

目的 探究基于小程序的辅助式教学在口腔医学教学中的应用效果及相关改进与发展建议。方法 通过数字化技术构建包含图例、组织学切片、示意图、知识点手绘图片等在内的内容涵盖广、专业性强的《口腔组织病理学》图谱小程序。利用其依托于微信平台的优势,建设了中英双语标注、师生实时互动交流等功能。选取30名口腔医学生作为研究对象,在其使用图谱小程序前后进行测试,将两次学习成绩使用SPSS 22.0软件进行t检验分析。同时让45名学生使用为期1个月的图谱小程序后对其进行问卷调查,内容包括使用电子图谱的态度,学习过程中使用图谱小程序的满意度与意见,对未来师生共同使用图谱小程序的意见等。结果 在使用图谱小程序辅助学习后,学生的测试成绩各项显著提高。其中,试验组填空题[（17.00±2.61）分 vs. （15.03±1.85）分]、识图题[（27.93±5.08）分 vs. （25.13±3.31）分]与总分[（78.77±8.59）分 vs. （72.90±6.08）分]与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。问卷调查结果显示,学生对于《口腔组织病理学》图谱小程序辅助教学的满意度高、对师生互动功能的认可度高,使用小程序的整体效果好。结论 图谱作为《口腔组织病理学》重要的教学辅助工具之一,在呈现组织结构的直观性与真实性等方面对口腔医学生的理论学习有重要作用。将图谱与电子媒介结合,尤其是利用便携的移动设备,无疑更有益于学生对知识点的掌握。