乳腺癌患者外周血EMA和EGP-2mRNA的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨上皮膜抗原(EMA)和表皮糖蛋白基因(EGP-2)在乳腺癌患者外周血中的表达及其与肿瘤微转移的关系. 方法采用RT-PCR方法检测53例乳腺癌患者(乳癌组)和24例乳腺良性疾病患者(良性病组)EMA和EGP-2mRNA在外周血中的表达,并分析其与临床指标之间的关系. 结果乳癌组外周血EMA和EGP-2mRNA的表达率分别为33.96%和28.30%,而在良性病组外周血表达率分别为0和4.17%,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).EMA和EGP-2mRNA的检出率与腋窝淋巴结转移、TNM分期等临床参数呈正相关;EMA和EGP-2mRNA联合检测敏感度和准确性在乳腺癌组分别为52.83%和66.23%,相对于EPG-2 mRNA单项检测敏感度及准确性有明显升高,但与EMA mRNA无统计学差异.结论 EMA和EGP-2联合检测时准确性明显升高,故两者可作为标志物检测乳腺癌患者外周血微转移,有可能对乳腺癌的疗效和预后判断有意义.     

广东省DR专用检测项目比对结果分析

目的 通过对比对结果的分析,了解放射卫生技术服务机构在DR专项检测方面存在的问题,为提高检测能力提供依据。方法 采用整群抽样方法,以自愿参加本次比对的30家放射卫生技术服务机构为研究对象,采用基于四分位数稳健统计技术的z比分数对本次检测所提交的结果进行分析和评价。结果 在参加比对的30家机构所提交可分析的309项数据中,比对结果评价为满意的有267项,占比为86.4%;比对结果评价为可疑的有24项,占比为7.8%;比对结果离群的有18项,占比为5.8%。比对项目"STP"的结果最好,满意项占比为100%,比对项目"剂量测量"的离群结果占比最高,为20.0%,比对项目"极限空间分辨力"的可疑结果占比最高,为16.7%。结论 放射卫生技术服务机构技术水平有待提高,需加强日常质量控制管理,提升标准化操作意识,建设放射卫生检测数据平台,促进放射卫生检测行业健康发展。     

进展期胃癌术前CT与手术结果的对比研究

目的探讨CT检查对进展期胃癌手术可切除性的术前评估价值。方法回顾性分析对比93例进展期胃癌的CT表现及手术治疗的相关资料。结果胃底贲门癌23例,胃体部癌59例,胃窦部癌11例。肿瘤肿块最大者直径1.5～11cm。93例胃癌均显示胃壁有不同程度的增厚,部分胃壁有软组织肿块形成,黏膜面有溃疡形成,胃腔及贲门狭窄,贲门管壁增厚,食道下段受累以及周围组织器官侵犯等。CT对进展期胃癌的定位、定性诊断与胃镜活检和/或手术病理符合率高,肿瘤检出率可达100%。手术前判断为可切除组的手术切除率达93.3%;不宜手术切除组病例的不能切除率为75.0%。结论胃癌术前CT诊断具有重要临床意义,CT对肿瘤的可切除性评估有较高的参考价值,值得推广应用。     

Quercetin治疗裸鼠移植人肝癌的作用及机制

目的:探讨quercetin治疗裸鼠移植人肝癌中的作用及三磷酸肌醇( IP3) 和Bax基因表达变化。方法:采用quercetin治疗实验性肝癌,观察肝癌增长情况;用同位素试剂盒检测肝癌组织IP3 含量;RT-PCR分析癌组织bax mRNA的表达;Western blotting 分析肝癌组织bax蛋白的表达。结果:治疗组肝癌体积和重量均显著低于对照组［体积（15.8±10.1）mm3 vs. (52.3±26.5)mm3;重量（44.8±10.4）mg vs.(91.3±31.4) mg;均P<0.01］，IP3 含量显著低于对照组［（15.9±2.8）pmol/mg vs.（35.3±6.6）pmol/mg; 均P<0.01 ］，bax mRNA表达与对照组无显著性差异［RI（灰度与面积之积的相对强度）(0.64±0.12) vs.(0.56±0.15), P>0.05］，但bax蛋白表达显著高于对照组［RI( 3.16±0.95) vs.(1.37±0.48）］。结论:Quercetin能减少IP3 生成,上调肝癌组织bax蛋白的表达,抑制裸鼠移植人肝癌的增长。     

胰岛分离、纯化制备的改进

目的 探讨大型哺乳动物胰岛机械化大量分离、纯化的方法,为人类胰岛移植物的大量制备摸索创造条件.方法 应用改进的机械化胰岛分离、纯化系统,用HCA和UW液顺序原位灌洗犬胰腺,主副胰管插管,4℃胶原酶-V(1.5 g/L)+胰酶抑制剂pefabloc(0.4 mmol/L)灌注后,Ricordi-Chamber消化罐消化,4℃COBE2991连续密度梯度离心纯化,测定胰岛当量(IEQ)、胰岛纯度及存活率、胰岛素及C-肽的释放量、培养24 h后光镜及电镜观察.结果 胰腺消化时间为(25.0±6.0)min,胰岛外分泌腺包裹率为(9.4±2.4)%,消化后胰岛收获量为(17.2±3.6)×104IEQ/每个胰腺,纯化后胰岛收获量为(8.3±2.0)×104IEQ/每个胰腺,胰岛纯度为(89.7±3.5)%.纯化胰岛体外低糖与高糖刺激下胰岛索分泌量及C-肽的释放量良好,培养24 h后形态结构及功能正常.结论 本实验室改进的胰岛机械分离方法及各设备运行可靠,获得的胰岛形态功能良好,可望用于临床人类胰岛的大量制备.     

下段胆管癌的外科治疗

目的:探讨下段胆管癌外科手术治疗的方法及其效果。方法:回顾性总结和分析51例下段胆管癌行外科治疗的临床资料。根治性胰十二指肠切除术28例,减黄性手术23例。结果:总体中位生存时间20个月;根治性胰十二指肠切除术、减黄性手术生存期分别为32,8个月;根治性胰十二指肠切除术5年生存率17.8%,减黄性手术为0;根治性胰十二指肠切除术的疗效明显优于减黄性手术（P<0.01）。结论:对下段胆管癌积极行根治性胰十二指肠切除术,能延长生存期,改善患者生活质量。     

Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability of Asiaticoside,Madecassoside and Asiatic Acid in Porcine Brain Endothelial Cell Model

Neurotherapeutic potentials of Centella asiatica and its reputation to boost memory, prevent cognitive deficits and improve brain functions are widely acknowledged. The plant's bioactive compounds, i.e. asiaticoside, madecassoside and asiatic acid were reported to have central nervous system (CNS) actions, particularly in protecting the brain against neurodegenerative disorders. Hence, it is important for these compounds to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to be clinically effective therapeutics. This study aimed to explore the capability of asiaticoside, madecassoside and asiatic acid to cross the BBB using in vitro BBB model from primary porcine brain endothelial cells (PBECs). Our findings showed that asiaticoside, madecassoside and asiatic acid are highly BBB permeable with apparent permeability (P_app) of 70.61 ± 6.60, 53.31 ± 12.55 and 50.94 ± 10.91 × 10^?6 cm/s respectively. No evidence of cytotoxicity and tight junction disruption of the PBECs were observed in the presence of these compounds. Asiatic acid showed cytoprotective effect towards the PBECs against oxidative stress. This study reported for the first time that Centella asiatica compounds demonstrated high capability to cross the BBB, comparable to central nervous system drugs, and therefore warrant further development as therapeutics for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.     

Poor immune response to coronavirus disease vaccines in decompensated cirrhosis patients and liver transplant recipients

Background and aimsRecent studies have reported poor humoral immune response to mRNA vaccines in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). However, the immunogenicity of ChAdOx1 (vector-based) and BBV152 (inactivated virus) vaccines in patients with CLD and liver transplant recipients (LTRs) is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to assess the immunogenicity of ChAdOx1 and BBV152 vaccines in patients with CLD (including cirrhosis patients) and LTRs.MethodsIn this single-center prospective study, consecutive completely vaccinated (ChAdOx1 or BBV152) non-cirrhosis CLD patients, those with cirrhosis, and LTRs were compared with matched healthy controls for anti-spike antibody and cellular response.ResultsSixty healthy individuals, 50 NCCLD patients, 63 compensated and 50 decompensated cirrhosis, and 17 LTRs were included. The proportion of non-responders was similar among the healthy control (8 %), non-cirrhosis CLD (16 %), and compensated cirrhosis groups (17.5 %;p = 0.3). However, a higher proportion of patients with decompensated cirrhosis (34 %) and LTRs (59 %) were non-responders than the healthy controls (p = 0.001). Cluster of differentiation (CD) 4-effector cells were lower in patients with non-cirrhosis CLD and compensated cirrhosis. CD4-naïve, CD4-effector, B, and B-memory cells were lower in the decompensated cirrhosis group. Although the central memory cells were higher in the decompensated cirrhosis group, they could not differentiate into effector cells. CD4- and CD8-naïve cells were higher in the marrow in the LTRs, while the CD4-effector memory cells and CD4- and CD8-effector cells were lower in the LTRs. Furthermore, B cells were more deficient in the LTRs, suggesting poor antibody response.ConclusionPatients with decompensated cirrhosis and LTRs demonstrated suboptimal humoral and cellular immune responses against recombinant and inactivated COVID-19 vaccines.