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1.
目的:分析鼻塞式同步间歇正压通气(NIPPV)联合布地奈德雾化治疗ARDS(新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征)疾病的临床应用效果。方法:纳入病例是2017年5月—2019年11月收治的104例ARDS新生儿,随机平均分为两组。参照组52例采纳CPAP(持续气道正压通气通气)治疗,实验组52例采纳NIPPV+布地奈德雾化治疗,对比两组呼吸机通气时间、用氧时间、住院时间、血气指标以及并发症发生情况。结果:实验组呼吸机通气时间、用氧时间、住院时间均明显短于参照组,差异有统计学意义P<0.05;实验组治疗3 d后PaCO2明显低于参照组,实验组治疗3 d后PH以及PaO2明显高于参照组,差异有统计学意义P<0.05;实验组并发症发生率(3.85%,2/52)明显低于参照组(21.15%,11/52),差异有统计学意义P<0.05。结论:NIPPV+布地奈德雾化可有效缩短ARDS患者机械通气时间,改善血气指标,降低并发症发生率,值得借鉴。 相似文献
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J. Rodríguez-Carrio A. Martínez-Zapico I. Cabezas-Rodríguez L. Benavente Á.I. Pérez-Álvarez P. López J.B. Cannata-Andía M. Naves-Díaz A. Suárez 《Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD》2019,29(2):135-143
Background and aims
Since accelerated atherosclerosis has been reported in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), predictive biomarkers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) are needed. Among non-traditional risk factors, bone mineral density (BMD) has been related to CVD. However, its role in SLE remains controversial. This study aims to analyze the associations of subclinical atherosclerosis with traditional and non-traditional CV risk factors.Methods and results
In a cross-sectional study, atherosclerosis burden was compared between 112 female SLE patients and 31 controls. Plaque number and carotid intima-media wall thickness (cIMT) were assessed by ultrasonography. In a retrospective study, BMD determinations obtained 5-years before the ultrasonography assessment were analyzed in a subgroup of 62 patients. Plaque frequency was increased in SLE, even in patients without CV events or carotid wall thickening. cIMT was increased in patients with CVD, positively correlated with body mass index (BMI). Interestingly, a paradoxical effect of BMI on carotid parameters was observed. Whereas underweight patients (BMI < 20) showed increased prevalence of carotid plaques with low cIMT, those with BMI > 30 showed higher cIMT and plaque burden. Overweight patients (25 < BMI<30) exhibited both elevated cIMT and plaque number. BMI was an independent predictor of BMD. In our retrospective study, patients with either clinical or subclinical CVD exhibited lower BMD levels than their CV-free counterparts. A low lumbar spine BMD independently predicted CVD development after adjusting for confounders.Conclusion
SLE was associated with a higher subclinical atherosclerosis burden, a bimodal effect being observed for BMI. Decreased BMD can be a CV risk biomarker in SLE. 相似文献4.
Xiaoqing Guo Ji-Eun Seo Xilin Li Nan Mei 《Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part B, Critical reviews》2020,23(1):27-50
ABSTRACTGenotoxic compounds may be detoxified to non-genotoxic metabolites while many pro-carcinogens require metabolic activation to exert their genotoxicity in vivo. Standard genotoxicity assays were developed and utilized for risk assessment for over 40 years. Most of these assays are conducted in metabolically incompetent rodent or human cell lines. Deficient in normal metabolism and relying on exogenous metabolic activation systems, the current in vitro genotoxicity assays often have yielded high false positive rates, which trigger unnecessary and costly in vivo studies. Metabolically active cells such as hepatocytes have been recognized as a promising cell model in predicting genotoxicity of carcinogens in vivo. In recent years, significant advances in tissue culture and biological technologies provided new opportunities for using hepatocytes in genetic toxicology. This review encompasses published studies (both in vitro and in vivo) using hepatocytes for genotoxicity assessment. Findings from both standard and newly developed genotoxicity assays are summarized. Various liver cell models used for genotoxicity assessment are described, including the potential application of advanced liver cell models such as 3D spheroids, organoids, and engineered hepatocytes. An integrated strategy, that includes the use of human-based cells with enhanced biological relevance and throughput, and applying the quantitative analysis of data, may provide an approach for future genotoxicity risk assessment. 相似文献
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There is some evidence suggesting that Parkinson's disease (PD) patients exhibit lower body weight when compared to age-matched healthy subjects. Low body mass index (BMI) is correlated with low bone mineral density, both of which are major risk factors for hip fractures. Possible determinants of weight loss in PD patients include hyposmia, impaired hand-mouth coordination, difficulty chewing, dysphagia, intestinal hypomotility, depression, decreased reward processing of dopaminergic mesolimbic regions, nausea, and anorexia as the side effects of medication, and increased energy requirements due to muscular rigidity and involuntary movements. It is unclear whether PD patients in general, or only a subgroup of those affected, definitely show lower BMI in the advanced stages of the disease. We therefore recommend that the body weight of PD patients be monitored monthly as the disease progresses, and that a patient's nutrition should be supplemented with sufficient amounts of vitamin D and calcium to reduce the risk of hip fractures and strengthen bone density. Because meal times may coincide with unpredictable off periods associated with akinesia and impaired hand-mouth coordination, PD patients also need flexible food schedules that accommodate the associated symptoms of this disease. 相似文献
7.
Andreas Karatsaidis Olav Schreurs Kristen Helgeland Tony Axéll Karl Schenck 《Journal of oral pathology & medicine》2003,32(5):275-281
BACKGROUND: Common clinical forms of oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral lichenoid reactions (OLR) are erythematous (ERY) or reticular (RET). The purpose of this study was to find histopathological changes that differ between these forms. METHODS: Epithelial thickness, epithelial proliferation rate, apoptosis, and HLA-DR expression were compared among 10 reticular and 12 erythematous lesions, and 11 normal oral mucosa samples (NOM). RESULTS: The epithelium in ERY was thinner than in NOM, whereas RET showed values between ERY and NOM. Cell proliferation increased significantly in ERY as compared with RET and NOM, with no difference between RET and NOM. Relative numbers of epithelial cell nuclei displaying visible chromatin condensation were reduced in ERY form. CONCLUSIONS: The markedly increased cell proliferation in ERY supports the notion that this form displays a higher disease activity as compared to RET. It can therefore be important to study each disease form separately. 相似文献
8.
目的 检测亚硒酸钠是否能够削弱或解除顺铂对植物血球凝激素(PHA)刺激的人体外周血淋巴细胞的增殖抑制。方法 用顺铂和亚硒酸钠单独或联合处理PHA刺激的人体外周血淋巴细胞,顺铂(0.05,0.20,0.50mg/L)在细胞培养24h时加入,亚硒酸钠(0.05mg/L)在不同处理中分别在细胞培养开始时加入或与顺铂同时加入;培养72h后检测转化淋巴细胞的有丝分裂指数。结果0.05mg/L亚硒酸钠在培养开始时加入,PHA刺激转化的淋巴细胞有丝分裂指数较对照增长42.8%(P<0.05),与顺铂同时加入,有丝分裂指数增长13.7%(P>0.05)。0.05与0.20mg/L顺铂处理细胞,有丝分裂指数未发生显性改变,当顺铂剂量为0.50mg/L时,细胞有丝分裂指数较对照降低54.5%(P<0.001)。亚硒酸钠预处理细胞可以解除0.50mg/L顺铂所致的细胞增殖抑制,使有丝分裂指数恢复正常,但亚硒酸钠与顺铂同时加入时,被顺铂抑制的有丝分裂指数只能部分提高。结论0.05mg/L亚硒酸钠单独作用于淋巴细胞可直接促进细胞增殖,与顺铂联合处理细胞时,可降低顺铂毒性,拮抗顺铂的抗增殖作用。亚硒酸钠在细胞培养开始时加入培养体系效果更佳。 相似文献
9.
Xu Dai-gen He Han-zhen Zhang Guo-gao B. Gansewendt H. Peter H. M. Bolt 《华中科技大学学报(医学英德文版)》1993,13(2):100-104
Monohalogenated methanes (methyl chloride, methyl bromide and methyl iodide) are mutagenic and carcinogenic. The possible mechanism of these effects, DNA methylation, was studied. DNA adducts from orgnas of F344 rats exposed to these chemicals were separated and identified with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gaschro-matography/massspectrometry (GC/ MS). DNA adducts, 7-methylguanine (7-MeG) and O6-Methylguanine(08-MeG), incorporation of14C into de novo synthesis of nucleobases could be observed in enzymatic DNA hydrolysates by HPLC and determination of the radioactivity in the fractions. The formation of DNA add,ue,ts in the studied organs was only quantitatively different. The formation of O6-MeG was further pioved by analysing the acidic hydrolysates using HPLC with non-radioactive O6MeG as internal standard. 7-MeG and 3-MeA were identified with GC/MS analysis. 相似文献
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