低密度聚乙烯薄膜对牙科光固化机光能输出的影响

目的评估低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)薄膜材料对光固化机输出能量的影响是否最终会影响树脂的固化效果。方法对市售的3种品牌的低密度聚乙烯薄膜材料进行测试,每种材料有普通型和微波型两类,检测其使用前后光固化机输出辐照度的变化,计算材料的透光率,评估其对光能输出的影响,并与专用光导棒套(SDI)进行对比。结果用于对照的专用SDI的透光率为92%,三种品牌的普通型薄膜材料透光率分别为94.8%、95.8%和94.4%,而三种品牌的微波型薄膜材料透光率分别达到83.8%、85.6%和86.2%。结论使用普通薄膜材料作为光导棒与口腔环境的隔离屏障,不会对光能输出产生较大影响,可以成为一种在光固化治疗过程中防止交叉感染的一次性使用避污薄膜材料。     

光固化复合树脂临床口腔美容修复的研究

目的:探讨针对口腔美容修复中使用光固化复合树脂进行修复的临床疗效和应用价值。方法:选取2004年12月-2006年12月牙科接受治疗的128例患者,均实施光固化复合树脂分层实施塑性固化,对比不同牙科疾病的治疗结果,保持对患者1~6年的随访,观察分析长期效果。结果:45例前牙邻面龋患者治疗优秀36例(80.00%),总有效率91.11%;染色牙、四环素牙、斑釉牙40例患者治疗后优秀32例(80.00%),总有效率90.00%;15例颌面磨损患者治疗后优秀14例(93.33%),总有效率100%;15例折断牙患者治疗后优秀12例(80.00%),总有效率93.33%;8例牙缝间隙修补患者治疗后优秀7例(87.50%),总有效率100%;5例畸形牙患者治疗后优秀3例(60.00%),总有效率80.00%。其中颌面磨损修补优秀率最高,畸形牙修补优秀率最低,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。随访显示共有10例失败,其中1例患者1年之后发生脱落,其余9例患者发生脱落时间为修复后5年。结论:光固化复合树脂用于口腔美容修复,总体临床效果较为理想。光固化复合树脂的选材较为简便,操作过程不复杂,安全性高,且长期效果不错,方便再次修复,值得推广应用。     

Patterns of Relapse or Progression After Bortezomib-Based Salvage Therapy in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma

IntroductionBortezomib-based therapy is commonly used in treatment for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (MM). Unfortunately, many patients show relapse or progression in heterogeneous patterns.Patients and MethodsIn this study, we retrospectively evaluated patterns of relapse or progression after bortezomib-based salvage therapy in patients with MM and analyzed prognostic significance according to patterns of relapse or progression. One hundred forty-eight patients were treated with bortezomib-based therapy between November 2004 and April 2012. Of these patients, 104 (70.3%) patients relapsed or progressed after bortezomib-based salvage therapy. We divided the patterns of relapse or progression to the 2 groups: (1) the isoform relapse or progression (group A) in 89 (85.6%) patients as disease findings at initiation of bortezomib-based therapy; and (2) transformed relapse or progression (group B) in 15 (14.4%) patients (plasmacytoma, n = 7; light chain escape, n = 6; and plasma cell leukemia, n = 2) different from initial disease findings.ResultsMedian overall survival in group A and group B were 32.7 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 21.3-44.1) and 10.7 months (95% CI, 2.0-19.4) (P < .001), respectively.ConclusionMM patients who relapsed or progressed as the transformed pattern for bortezomib-based salvage therapy have an extremely poor prognosis and might require new innovative approaches.     

Potency of different red light sources in photodynamic induction of cell death in a squamous cell carcinoma cell line

LED illumination systems were found to be more efficacious than broad spectrum lamps in recent phase III trials on photodynamic treatment of actinic keratosis. However, a detailed comparison of the light doses emitted at the appropriate spectral range and its correlation to photodynamic effects is thus far not available for the most frequently used devices. Here, we compared the spectral emissions of three different PDT lamps with their potency of inducing cell death in ALA-loaded A431 cells, including a new system equipped with more advanced LEDs matching the photosensitizer absorption peak more precisely and emitting more homogeneous light over time. Cells were exposed to two different ALA concentrations, incubated for 1 or 3 h and then illuminated by one of two different LED or a broad-spectrum system at four different light doses, whereupon viability was assessed. Maximal doses were selected in accordance to clinically applied light doses in recent phase III studies and the manufacturers’ recommendations. The data gathered here clearly demonstrate that the two LED systems were significantly more effective in inducing cell death than the broad spectrum system. Most efficient was the newer LED system, in agreement with emission parameters that more accurately corresponded to the photosensitizer’s absorption peak.     

Elite triathletes in ‘Ironman Hawaii’ get older but faster

The age of peak performance has been well investigated for elite athletes in endurance events such as marathon running, but not for ultra-endurance (>6 h) events such as an Ironman triathlon covering 3.8 km swimming, 180 km cycling and 42 km running. The aim of this study was to analyze the changes in the age and performances of the annual top ten women and men at the Ironman World Championship the ‘Ironman Hawaii’ from 1983 to 2012. Age and performances of the annual top ten women and men in overall race time and in each split discipline were analyzed. The age of the annual top ten finishers increased over time from 26 ± 5 to 35 ± 5 years (r² = 0.35, P < 0.01) for women and from 27 ± 2 to 34 ± 3 years (r² = 0.28, P < 0.01) for men. Overall race time of the annual top ten finishers decreased across years from 671 ± 16 to 566 ± 8 min (r² = 0.44, P < 0.01) for women and from 583 ± 24 to 509 ± 6 min (r² = 0.41, P < 0.01) for men. To conclude, the age of annual top ten female and male triathletes in the ‘Ironman Hawaii’ increased over the last three decades while their performances improved. These findings suggest that the maturity of elite long-distance triathletes has changed during this period and raises the question of the upper limits of the age of peak performance in elite ultra-endurance performance.     

新型血小板功能分析仪PL-11监测血小板聚集功能的应用价值

目的 评价连续血小板计数法血小板功能检测仪PL-11监测血小板功能的价值.方法 分别应用SC-2000光学比浊法(LTA)与PL-11连续血小板计数法两种血小板功能检测仪,检测30例急性心肌梗死急诊入院患者,入院时、负荷剂量(600mg)服用氯吡格雷后的第8小时、PCI术后第三天晨起时的血小板聚集功能,分析两种仪器检测结果的相关性及PL-11在氯吡格雷抵抗(clopidogrel resistance,CR)的诊断准确性.结果 在测试人群中,LTA测得最大血小板聚集率(MAR)范围均较PL-11广;所有受试者在刚入院未服用氯吡格雷时,PL-11与LTA不相关(相关系数r=0.35,P=0.058＞0.05),在术前氯吡格雷大剂量冲击后及术后第三天两次检测的MAR存在相关性(r=0.500和0.571,P＜0.01);两种仪器三次检测结果均为第一次和第三次明显高于第二次,差异具有统计学意义(P ＜0.05);PL-11用于诊断CR的ROC曲线下面积为0.798(95％ CI:0.621～0.964).结论 PL-11连续血小板计数法与“金标准”的(LTA)浊法检测血小板聚集功能具有一定的相关性,其检测结果可供临床及实验室参考.     

Home-based cycling program tailored to older people with lumbar spinal stenosis: Barriers and facilitators

Background

Lumbar-flexion-based endurance training, namely cycling, could be effective in reducing pain and improving function and health-related quality of life in older people with chronic low back pain.

蓝光与眼健康

蓝光是波长介于400 ～ 500 nm的短波长光,蓝光对视网膜细胞造成损伤的特性引起了学者广泛的关注.同时,它在调节昼夜节律、产生暗视力以及屈光发育等方面具有重要作用.蓝光是否安全？是否该从日常生活中清除？本文对蓝光的作用及安全性问题作一综述.