HIV-Associated Prospective Memory Impairment in the Laboratory Predicts Failures on a Semi-Naturalistic Measure of Health Care Compliance

HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment, particularly in the domain of prospective memory (ProM), increases the risk of poor everyday functioning outcomes, including medication non-adherence. However, whether ProM plays a role in health care compliance outside of the realm of medication adherence remains to be determined. This study evaluated the hypothesis that ProM is an independent predictor of failure to comply with non-medication-related instructions akin to those commonly given by health care providers. Participants were 139 HIV-infected adults who underwent medical, psychiatric, and neuropsychological assessments, including a laboratory-based measure of ProM. To assess real-world compliance, participants were instructed to call the examiner 24 hours after the evaluation and report how many hours they had slept. Individuals who failed to correctly comply with these instructions (n = 104) demonstrated significantly lower performance on both time- and event-based ProM at baseline than the compliant group (n = 35), an effect that was primarily driven by errors of omission. ProM remained a significant predictor of noncompliance after controlling for potential confounders, including demographics (e.g., education), traditional cognitive measures of retrospective memory and executive functions, and psychiatric factors (e.g., depression). Results support the hypothesis that ProM plays a unique role in compliance with health care instructions for HIV disease management and may inform interventions designed to improve treatment outcomes.      

护理干预对哮喘患者吸入糖皮质激素治疗依从性的影响

目的护理干预对哮喘患者糖皮质激素吸入治疗的效果与治疗依从性分析。方法选取2010年1月—2011年12月在我科应用糖皮质激素治疗依从性差的84例中重度哮喘患者,随机分为两组,每组42例,调查分析患者治疗依从性,对比两组服药依从性。结果干预组42例患者,治疗依从率为88.10%,哮喘症状评分为(24.1±0.9)分;对照组42例患者,治疗依从率为19.05%,哮喘症状评分为(13.9±0.7)分。护理干预组的治疗依从性明显较好(P<0.05),疗效显著提高(P<0.05)。结论针对性护理干预能够有效提高患者糖皮质激素治疗依从性,提高疗效。     

普通外科医务人员手卫生认知和依从性调查与分析

目的：调查《医务人员手卫生规范》实施后,普外病区医务人员手卫生认知与依从性执行情况,为改进手卫生工作提供依据。方法通过问卷调查和现场观察的方法,对普通外科156名工作人员其手卫生认知与依从性执行情况进行调查。结果在不同岗位和工作区域的工作人员中,监护室护士手卫生认知和依从性最高,保洁人员最差,接触患者前手卫生依从性最差。结论手卫生认知与依从性和相关理论知识的培训、执行力度的监督及医护人员自身的重视度、责任心相关。     

烧伤患者疼痛管理的应用分析

目的探讨疼痛管理对烧伤患者焦虑情绪、疼痛、依从性及生活质量的影响。方法选择2017年5月至2018年5月河南理工大学第一附属医院烧伤整形科收治的90例烧伤患者作为研究对象,并按照随机数表法随机分为观察组(45例)与对照组(45例),其中观察组患者采用疼痛管理护理措施予以护理,对照组患者采用常规护理措施予以护理,对比观察两组患者的焦虑评分、疼痛评分、依从性评分及生活质量评分。结果护理4周后,两组患者焦虑评分及疼痛评分均显著降低,且尤以观察组患者降低程度最明显,两组对比,P均0.01,差异具有统计学意义;依从性评分及生活质量评分均显著升高,且尤以观察组患者升高程度最明显,两组对比,P均0.01,差异具有统计学意义。结论疼痛管理可显著改善烧伤患者的疼痛程度及焦虑情绪,提高患者依从性及生活质量,值得临床推广应用。     

Mise en place d’un home-programme numérique et mesure de son observance dans le cadre de la prise en charge kinésithérapique d’un patient atteint de paralysie cérébrale — Étude de cas

IntroductionInternships in a professional environment, school holidays, lockdowns… As a physiotherapist, ensuring care continuity of teenagers and young adults with Cerebral Palsy (CP), within medico-social structures, requires permanent adaptability to avoid any lasting period with no activities of physical therapy.MethodThis work is a case study using a digital home program (smartphone app) of goal-oriented exercises and carried out during a transitional downtime of an eight-week physiotherapy care.ResultsThe compliance achieved by the subject is equal to 75% over the entire period.ConclusionHome-program, with specific environmental factors associated with personally favoring factors, was a way for the therapist to ensure continuity during a period of transitional interruption of physiotherapy management.     

The effect of inlay butterfly cartilage tympanoplasty technique on compliance

Conclusion: IBCT technique should be preferred owing to its high graft survival rate and ABG gain. While no significant difference was found in middle ear pressures between ears that underwent IBCT and normal ears, compliance values were found to be decreased in patients undergoing IBCT. However, the lack of correlation between ABG gain and compliance values indicated that compliance increase had no effect on post-operative ABG results. Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare tympanometric and audiological parameters in patients undergoing inlay butterfly cartilage tympanoplasty (IBCT) with their normal ears and to determine their difference with normal ear tympanometric parameters. Methods: Overall, 25 patients that underwent an operation between August 2010–May 2014 were included in the present study. In 13 of these patients, the ear that did not undergo operation was normal. 0.5, 1, 2, 4?kHz pure sound average values, tympanometric measurements and compliance values of normal and operated ears were compared. Results: The graft survival rate in patients was found to be 92%. Mean pre-operative air–bone gap (ABG) was 16.4?±?5.4 in patients, while mean post-operative ABG was 10.9?±?5.8, with a statistically significant difference (p?=?0.001) While there was no significant difference between operated and normal ears of patients in terms of middle ear pressure (0.441), compliance values were significantly higher in normal ears than those in operated ears (0.032). When post-operative ABG gain was compared with compliance values, no significant correlation was found between ABG gain and compliance measurements (r?=??0.025 and p?=?0.936).     

行为干预联合针对性宣教对心肌梗死PCI术患者服药依从性、认知程度及再狭窄发生率的影响

目的：探讨行为干预联合针对性宣教对心肌梗死PCI术患者服药依从性、认知程度及再狭窄发生率的影响。方法选取我院2014年9月至2015年7月期间收治的经确诊为心肌梗死的患者92例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组46例,对照组给予术前准备、PCI术后及急性心肌梗死的常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上进行行为干预联合针对性宣教护理,比较两组服药依从性、认知程度及再狭窄发生率。结果两组12个月随访成功率均为100%。出院后3个月服药依从性比较无明显差异（P＞0.05）;观察组出院后6个月、12个月服药依从性明显高于对照组(P＜0.05)。观察组病情认知程度评分显著高于对照组,再狭窄发生率4.35%明显低于对照组17.39%(P＜0.05)。结论行为干预联合针对性宣教护理可明显提高心肌梗死PCI术患者服药依从性、认知程度,降低再狭窄发生率。     

Social context, the struggle with uncertainty, and subjective risk as meaning-rich constructs for explaining HBP noncompliance

OBJECTIVE: To identify the reasons for which people fail to take blood-pressure-lowering medication regularly, a qualitative study was conducted. METHODS: Interviews lasting approximately 90 min were conducted with 27 patients (15 women, 12 men) aged 40-70. The verbatim of the 27 interviews was first read and divided into segments with explanatory value. This was followed by the production of a final text in vignette form for all interviews. An integrative, analytical phase consisted of identifying trends, significant central themes, regularities, and divergences in the vignettes. RESULTS: Analysis revealed the explanatory power that 3 broad groups of subjective meanings could hold for given medication noncompliance scenarios. These scenarios are expressing the role of: (1) stress and living conditions in the occasional skipping or deferral of medication-taking; (2) doubt as the motivating factor for transitory, irregular medication use; (3) subjective risk as the motivating factor for persistent irregular use. CONCLUSION: Life and social contexts, doubt and risk subsume extremely meaning-rich constructs that can help identify dilemmas facing people about medication-taking. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: By discussing these dimensions with their patients, health professionals will be better able to understand patient medication behaviors that sometimes run counter to their recommendations.     

Lymphedema in breast cancer survivors: assessment and information provision in a specialized breast unit

OBJECTIVE: Assessment and adequate treatment of lymphedema is required by the European Society of Mastology. The purpose of our study was the evaluation of self-reported incidences of lymphedema in breast cancer survivors and the effect of providing the patients with information about lymphedema on the extent to which lymph-drainage massage services and compression garments were used. METHODS: A total of 742 breast cancer survivors were analysed in this questionnaire-based survey. The associations between lymphedema and the patients' medical history; morbidity located in the breast, axilla, and arm; the amount of information the patients had received concerning lymphedema; and the extent to which lymph-drainage massage services and compression garments were analyzed. RESULTS: 31.67% of the patients stated to have lymphedema. Radiotherapy was identified as a significant risk factor. Pain, paresthesia, and functional limitations were associated with the occurrence of lymphedema. The only independent positive predictive factor found to be associated with the use of lymph-drainage massage services (OR 5.74) was the provision of information about the condition. CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported assessment of lymphedema is feasible. The observed lymphedema incidence of approximately 30% may be able to serve as a basis for benchmarking in quality-assurance procedures at breast centers. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Control mechanisms are required to assess if the indication for lymphdrainage is adequate and the compliance to this subject is sufficient.