Patient compliance with Hawley retainers fitted with the SMART® sensor: A prospective clinical pilot study

Objective:To evaluate the compliance of patients while wearing maxillary Hawley retainers embedded with SMART microsensors.Methods:The sample population consisted of 22 patients who were divided into an experimental (group A) and a control group (group B). Group A was informed that they would be monitored through the use of SMART microsensors, while group B was not informed that they would be monitored. After the delivery of the retainers (T0), the patients were evaluated at T1 and T2, represented by 6- and 12-week follow-up visits, respectively. At T1, group B was informed of our ability to monitor their compliance. Both groups continued wearing their retainers during T1 to T2.Results:During T0–T1, Group A wore their retainers for an average of 16.3 hours (SD 4.39), while group B wore their appliances for an average of 10.6 hours (SD 5.36, t  =  2.426, P  =  .027). Although group B increased their retainer wear by 0.5 hours/day from T1 to T2, this increase was not statistically significant.Conclusions:Despite significant differences being noted between the two groups at T1, group B did not show significant mean changes in their wear time before and after becoming aware of the use of the SMART microsensor.     

护理干预对血液透析患者生活质量及依从性的影响

目的：探讨护理干预对维持性血液透析患者生活质量改善及依从性提高的影响。方法：选择符合标准的患者80例,随机分为观察组和对照组各40例,两组患者均给予常规护理,观察组加用护理干预,比较生活质量及依从性。结果：入组时,两组患者GQOLI－74各维度评分相似,差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）;入组后6个月,两组患者GQOLI－74各维度评分较治疗前均提高,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）,但是观察组患者提高幅度更大（ P＜0．05）。观察组患者完全依从32例、一般依从7例和不能依从1例,对照组患者完全依从20例、一般依从16例和不能依从4例,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。结论：护理干预能有效改善血液透析患者的生活质量,提高治疗依从性,值得临床推广应用。     

健康教育提高社区高血压患者服药依从性和高血压控制率

目的分析研究采用健康教育模式对社区高血压病人服药依从性和高血压控制率起到的效果。方法抽取近年来在我社区管理的高血压病人400例,采用随机抽取模式,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组各200例。对照组对病人采取常规治疗,实验组对病人采取健康教育模式,对两组服药依从性和高血压控制率给予对比分析。结果健康教育干预以后,实验组服药依从性明显比实施健康教育之前要高,其差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);8个月以后,实验组服药依从性和高血压控制率明显优于对照组,两组间差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论通过健康教育模式可以使高血压病人服药的依从性以及高血压控制率明显提高,使病人健康生活质量得到保障。     

2型糖尿病患者依从性现状及其与社区管理年限的关系研究

背景　社区管理可促进糖尿病患者的依从性行为,有利于维持更好的健康状态。已有研究大多集中于社区管理对糖尿病患者依从性的影响,国内外尚缺乏不同社区管理年限对糖尿病患者依从性影响的研究。目的　了解2型糖尿病患者的依从性情况,探究社区管理年限对2型糖尿病患者依从性行为的影响。方法　于2017年7-9月,选取2017-09-29前在上海市普陀区社区卫生服务中心建卡,并纳入社区管理的2型糖尿病患者15 088例为研究对象,通过社区糖尿病患者管理系统获取患者的人口学资料、疾病相关信息、治疗情况和依从性情况。采用Logistic回归分析社区管理年限对糖尿病患者依从性行为的影响。结果　2型糖尿病患者的平均社区管理年限为（4.05±2.46）年,主要治疗方式是口服降糖药物（10 462例,69.34%）,其中,12 156例（80.57%）患者糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）控制达标,7 621例（50.51%）患者体质指数（BMI）控制良好,5 855例（38.81%）患者腰围控制差（中心性肥胖）,9 589例（63.55%）患者血压控制良好。2型糖尿病患者的服药依从率为95.55%（13 107/13 717）,不同年龄、病程、治疗方式、BMI控制情况、社区管理年限的2型糖尿病患者服药依从率比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;饮食控制率为87.19%（13 155/15 088）,不同性别、年龄、病程、治疗方式、BMI控制情况、社区管理年限的2型糖尿病患者饮食控制率比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;规律运动率为47.45%（7 159/15 088）,不同年龄、病程、社区管理年限的2型糖尿病患者规律运动率比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。Logistic回归分析结果显示,调整性别、年龄、病程、BMI和治疗方式后,中长期管理（1~4年）是规律运动行为〔OR=1.415,95%CI（1.225,1.637）,P<0.05〕的促进因素;长期管理（>4年）是服药依从行为〔OR=2.925,95%CI（2.109,4.022）,P<0.05〕、饮食控制行为〔OR=2.051,95%CI（1.689,2.481）,P<0.05〕、规律运动行为〔OR=2.596,95%CI（2.239,3.016）,P<0.05〕的促进因素。结论　2型糖尿病患者的总体依从性情况良好,但规律运动情况欠佳,建议社区管理加强对患者规律运动的指导;长期管理比短期管理更有助于培养糖尿病患者良好的依从性行为,建议社区卫生服务中心及早将确诊患者纳入社区管理,并进行长期管理干预。     

妇女围受孕期叶酸服用情况及其对胎儿神经管缺陷的预防效果

目的: 了解北京市妇女围受孕期服用叶酸的依从性,探索服用叶酸对胎儿神经管缺陷(neural tube defects,NTDs)的预防效果,分析影响叶酸服用依从性的因素,并提出改善叶酸服用依从性的对策和建议。方法: 以通州区2013—2018年92 121例分娩妇女的常规孕期保健数据和人群出生缺陷监测数据为基础,计算妇女的叶酸服用率和依从服用率(即孕前开始且规律服用率), 并分析服用叶酸与NTDs发生率的关系,同时采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归模型分析叶酸依从服用率的影响因素,并提出改善妇女围受孕期叶酸服用依从性的对策。结果: 6年间,妇女围受孕期叶酸总服用率为90.08%,有微弱上升趋势,而叶酸依从服用率仅为41.5%,且呈明显下降趋势。服用叶酸的妇女其胎儿NTDs的发生率是(5.5/万)未服用叶酸者(19.7/万)的27.9% (χ²=23.74,P<0.001),而服用单纯叶酸片和服用含叶酸的多种微量营养素的NTDs发病率未见统计学差异。母亲围受孕期补充叶酸可以减少70%的NTDs发病风险(RR=0.28,95%CI:0.16~0.49),且对无脑畸形和脊柱裂亚型均有预防效果。控制混杂因素后,本地户籍、文化程度为高中及以上的妇女叶酸依从服用率高于外地户籍、文化程度为初中及以下的妇女(P<0.05),年龄小于25岁、孕前偏瘦或肥胖的妇女、经产妇的叶酸依从服用率低于相应对比组(P<0.05)。结论: 北京市通州区妇女围受孕期叶酸服用率较高,但服用依从性较低,妇女围受孕期未服用叶酸严重影响NTDs的预防效果。叶酸依从服用率受妇女的年龄、文化程度、职业、户籍地、产次等多种因素影响,应重点关注年龄小于25岁、体型消瘦或肥胖、文化程度较低、经产及夫妻均为外地户籍的妇女,以提高围受孕期叶酸服用的依从性,更好地发挥叶酸预防NTDs的效果。     

医护家三位一体化诊疗护理管理模式对哮喘患儿康复效果的影响观察

目的 探讨医护家三位一体化诊疗护理管理模式对哮喘患儿康复效果的影响。方法 选择2018 年6 月～2019 年5 月于我院治疗的哮喘患儿62 例作为研究对象,采取随机数字表法,将患儿分为对照组与观察组,各31 例。对照组采取常规的管理方法。观察组患儿采取医护家三位一体化诊疗护理管理模式,对患儿进行综合的治疗和护理干预。比较两组患儿住院时间、治疗费用、依从性和哮喘复发率。结果 观察组患儿住院时间和治疗费用少于对照组,院内治疗阶段、出院1 个月和3 个月的治疗依从性高于对照组,出院1 个月和3 个月内哮喘复发率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 医护家三位一体化诊疗护理管理模式有效提高了哮喘患儿的康复效果。     

Compliance and satisfaction with deferasirox (Exjade®) compared with deferoxamine in patients with transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia

Objective

The current standard option for iron chelation therapy (ICT) in transfusion-dependent patients with beta-thalassemia is deferoxamine (DFO). We aimed to compare the compliance with DFO vs. deferasirox (Exjade^®), a novel oral iron chelator, in patients with transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, 220 patients from Southern Iran who were receiving DFO or Exjade^® for the last 2 years were investigated in 2012. Satisfaction, compliance, convenience, and life disturbances of the patients with ICT were evaluated. Assessments were performed at four different occasions during 1 year.

Results

According to the results, 114 patients received treatment with DFO and 106 patients were treated with Exjade^®. In comparison with the patients who were treated with DFO, those receiving Exjade^® reported a significantly higher rate of compliance and convenience (P < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding their satisfaction (P > 0.05). In the DFO group, 44.9% of the patients reported irritation and pain at the injection site.

Conclusions

Considering higher rate of compliance and convenience with Exjade^® and the comparable efficacy of these two modalities of ICT documented in previous studies, Exjade^® can be used as a preferable choice of ICT in iron-overload patients with beta-thalassemia.     

Effect of sociodemographic variables on complete denture satisfaction

PURPOSE

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sociodemographic factors on quality of satisfaction towards denture treatment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

One hundred subjects (filling inclusion criteria) who were wearing a denture for at least two months were enrolled and divided into five groups on the basis of sociodemographic variables (age, gender, literacy level, socio-economic and marital status). Questionnaires consisting of 38 questions (positive and negative attitude towards denture satisfaction) related to patients'' perception of clinical outcome in different domains such as mastication, appearance, speech, comfort, health, denture care and social status were scored by the subjects. Questions reflecting positive attitude were scored as 2, 1, or 0 (yes, uncertain and no, respectively) and reversely for the negative questions. Statistical analysis was done by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (α = .05).

RESULTS

Level of denture satisfaction was higher in age subgroup belonging to 45 - 65 years of age in relation to comfort, health and denture care. Female and male showed significant priority for denture treatment because of esthetic and function respectively. Level of satisfaction was statistically significant with literacy level. Upper high income group showed significantly higher level of satisfaction only in case of social status. Married group showed significantly higher satisfaction level only with comfort.

CONCLUSION

Patients'' sociodemographic variables were influential factors on denture satisfaction.