急性白血病男性病人联合化疗后的生育能力和性腺功能

我们测定了７例男性急性白血病（ＡＬ）患者经联合化疗完全缓解（ＣＲ）早期和持续缓解（ＣＣＲ）６月后两个不同阶段的血清ＦＳＨ、ＬＨ、Ｔ和精液参数的变化，以观察ＡＬ患者的性腺功能和生育能力。结果在诱导ＣＲ早期ＦＳＨ明显升高，精液质量明显降低。ＣＣＲ６月后恢复正常。ＬＨ及Ｔ则在两个不同阶段均无明显变化。     

Time-dependent changes in sensitivity to apomorphine and monoamine receptors following withdrawal from continuous cocaine administration in rats

The effects of withdrawal from continuous administration of cocaine on behavioral sensitivity to apomorphine and monoamine receptor density were examined in rats. Subdermal minipumps that delivered either saline or 20 mg/kg/day cocaine hydrochloride were implanted for 2 weeks. Apomorphine-induced stereotypy (0.5 mg/kg, SC) was examined in separate groups of rats either 4 hr or 7, 28, or 60 days after removal of the minipumps. Transient enhanced sensitivity to apomorphine-induced stereotypy occurred during the course of withdrawal. Animals withdrawn from cocaine for 4 hours did not differ from controls in their sensitivity to apomorphine, whereas animals withdrawn from cocaine for 7 days exhibited an increase in apomorphine-induced oral stereotypy relative to controls. However, the enhanced stereotypy response was no longer evident in animals withdrawn for 28–60 days. The animals were sacrificed after behavioral testing, and their brains were assayed for changes in monoamine receptor density in the frontal cortex, caudate-putamen, and nucleus accumbens. The density of ³H-SCH-23390-labeled D1 receptors was altered in all three regions examined in a time-dependent manner that paralleled the changes in behavioral sensitivity to apomorphine. There was a transient decrease in D1 receptor density that was evident by 7 days following withdrawal from continuous cocaine administration and was no longer evident 28 or 60 days posttreatment. There were no changes in ³H-spiroperidol-labeled D2 receptors, ¹²⁵-pindolol-labeled β-adrenergic receptors, or ³H-ketanserin-labeled 5-HT₂ receptors in any of the regions examined at both 4 hr and 7 days after termination of the cocaine infusion. These findings are discussed in terms of their relevance to developing pharmacologic treatments for withdrawal from cocaine. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

34例白血病患者血小板聚集和释放功能测定及临床意义

应用全血血小板聚集仪阻抗法对34例白血病患者的血小板聚集和 ATP 释放进行了同步测定。结果表明:白血病患者的血小板聚集和 ATP 释放明显低于正常。提示白血病患者不仅有血小板投量减少,亦存在其聚集及释放功能的障碍。     

201例成人急性白血病诱导缓解—四种联合化疗方案比较

成人ＡＮＬＬ初治患者６１例用ＨＡ方案和ＤＡ方案治疗的效果相似（包括ＣＲ率，中位缓解时间），而ＨＡ方案的心脏毒性及并发严重感染率均较ＤＡ方案少见和轻微（Ｐ＜０．０１）。成人ＡＮＬＬ１４０例用ＶＭＰ或ＶＤＰ方案治疗的效果相仿，而ＶＭＰ方案治疗骨髓抑制率及并发严重感染率较少见和轻微（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结果表明，ＨＡ或ＶＭＰ方案对白血病细胞均有明显的杀伤，可以分别替代ＤＡ和ＶＤＰ方案，具有实用价值；ＨＡ和Ｈ     

Buoyant density characterization of neoplastic cell populations in patients with chronic B-lymphocytic leukemia

Leukemic cells from a series of patients with chronic B-lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were analyzed for their buoyant density on discontinuous Percoll gradients. The density profile varied markedly between different patients and also between samples from different body compartments within the same patient. A good correlation was observed between buoyant density and maturation stage of the leukemic clones as judged by Ig-expression and their reactivity with a panel of monoclonal antibodies. Phorbol-ester-induced changes in the leukemic cells were found to be accompanied by a general decrease in their buoyant density. No correlation between density and clinical parameters such as cell counts, clinical stage and survival could be noted. Buoyant density characterization of leukemic B-cell populations is seen as a useful, rapid and simple marker of compartmentalization within the B-lymphocyte maturation spectrum but its clinical relevance remains to be established.     

Phenotype of endomyocardial biopsy-derived T-lymphocyte cultures and chronic rejection after heart transplantation

Chronic rejection (CR) is a major problem in long-term survival in heart transplantation. We analysed whether the occurrence of CR correlates with the incidence of acute rejections (AR) or with characteristics of endomyocardial biopsy-derived cell cultures. CR was diagnosed by annual angiography and defined as all coronary vascular changes. One year after transplantation 24 of the 63 patients had CR (38%). The incidence of AR in CR + and CR — patients was comparable. The patients in both groups had similar individual median percentages of EMB-yielding cell cultures. During the first year the CR — patients had more cultures in which at least 60% of the cells were CD4 + T cells (50% vs 37%, P = 0.05), due to a stronger CD4 predominance in the first 6 months. In the second year the CD4 predominance in the patients diagnosed as CR + after 1 year tended to be higher (P = 0.08). The patients had comparable percentages of cultures predominated by CD8 + T cells, γδ T cells or NK cells, irrespective of the time interval. These results might indicate that CD4 + T lymphocytes play a dual role in the aetiology of CR.     

骨髓增生异常综合征(附33例临床分析)

本文分析我院33例MDS病例的入院前诊断、病例类型、临床表现、血象及骨髓象资料,其中4例转变为急性白血病。     

鼻内法鼻泪管阻塞切除术

本文介绍了鼻内法鼻泪管逆行切除术的切除器制备、应用器械、手术方法及术后处理。并应用本法治疗慢性泪囊炎１０６例１１３眼，术后随访１￣５年，痊愈９３．８％，无效６．２％。     

M_2和β_1受体抗体与慢性肺源性心脏病关系的实验研究

目的用缺氧方法制备的肺源性心脏病(肺心病)大鼠为对象,研究肺心病中M2和β1受体抗体的含量及其与疾病的关系。方法选取健康雄性Wistar大鼠36只,随机分为3组:单纯缺氧组,缺氧加注射FeCl3组,健康对照组。SA-酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法检测血清M2和β1受体抗体变化。最后处死大鼠观察心脏指标,并分析它与抗体滴度的相关性。结果血清中M2和β1受体抗体随缺氧时间延长而升高,滴度分别到第3周达高峰M2受体抗体为1∶80(单纯缺氧组)和1∶53(缺氧加注射FeCl3组),β1受体抗体为1∶60(单纯缺氧组)和1∶45(缺氧加注射FeCl3组),并且P/N值从第2周开始有阳性意义,到第3周同样达高峰M2和β1受体抗体分别为2.88(单纯缺氧组)、2.76(缺氧加注射FeCl3组)和3.25(单纯缺氧组)、3.99(缺氧加注射FeCl3组)。而肺心病大鼠心脏指标最终改变为R/(L+S)0.333±0.027(单纯缺氧组),0.348±0.033(缺氧加注射FeCl3组),R/BW×10-30.58±0.13(单纯缺氧组),0.60±0.15(缺氧加注射FeCl3组),(L+S)/BW×10-32.000±0.024(单纯缺氧组),2.081±0.037(缺氧加注射FeCl3组),并且抗体滴度与心脏改变呈正相关。结论M2和β1受体抗体阳性率及抗体滴度在大鼠肺心病模型中明显增高,表明肺心病的发生发展与M2和β1受体的自身抗体密切相关。     

恩必普软胶囊改善慢性脑供血不足患者认知功能的临床分析

目的:探讨dl-3-正丁基苯酞软胶囊(恩必普软胶囊)治疗慢性脑供血不足的临床疗效及对慢性脑供血不足病人认知功能改善的影响。方法:将60例慢性脑供血不足病人随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组30例,治疗组口服dl-3-正丁基苯酞软胶囊,每次200毫克,每日3次;对照组口服复方丹参片,每次4片,每日3次,疗程为8周,治疗前后进行疗效评价和P300数据采样,同时给予同步MMSE、HDS量表评分。结果:治疗组总有效率为70%,对照组总有效率为53.3%,2组治疗后比较差异有显著意义(P<0.05);治疗组治疗前、后MMSE和HDS量表得分情况比较,均有明显改善(P<0.01),与对照组治疗后比较差异有显著意义(P<0.05);治疗组治疗前、后P300波潜伏期及P300波幅差异均有显著意义(P<0.05),与对照组治疗后比较均有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:dl-3-正丁基苯酞软胶囊对慢性脑供血不足病人安全有效。