创伤性上颈椎损伤的外科治疗

目的：探讨上颈椎损伤的分型以及外科治疗的临床效果。方法：2005年1月至2007年3月收治的16例创伤性上颈椎损伤患者,男11例,女5例;年龄24-75岁,平均44岁。其中齿状突骨折5例,寰椎骨折3例,Hangman骨折5例,寰枢椎脱位3例。颈椎MR检查：5例颈髓有不同程度受压和T2相高信号改变。根据其损伤机制、影像学表现、骨折分型选择合适的手术方式。结果：非手术治疗7例,手术治疗9例,均获随访,时间7～34个月,平均10．5个月。骨折均愈合或植骨融合,内固定无松动,未发生神经根椎动脉或脊髓损伤。结论：X线片、CT扫描及MR检查是上颈椎损伤必要的诊断措施,选择最佳的手术方式牢固固定上颈椎,同时又最大程度保留患者的颈椎活动度。     

Surgical options in the treatment of subaxial cervical fractures: A retrospective cohort study

Objective

To compare clinical and radiographic parameters and outcomes in patients undergoing anterior vs. posterior surgery in unstable cervical subaxial spine fractures.

Methods

We analyzed a group of 33 patients with reducible cervical subaxial fractures. Patients underwent anterior or posterior cervical instrumentation. Inpatient and outpatient records were retrospectively reviewed, and the multiple pre-operative and post-operative clinical and radiographic factors were recorded and analyzed.

Results

Posterior cervical fixation was performed in 15 patients, and anterior cervical fixation in 18 patients. Operative time, blood loss, and number of levels instrumented were all significantly less in the anterior than the posterior cervical group. There was no difference in patient age, surgical complications, follow-up ASIA score, Rand SF-36 evaluation, or cost analysis between the two groups. Mean follow-up time was 11.8 ± 7 months. All patients achieved bony fusion and good alignment at follow-up.

Conclusions

In patients with reducible cervical subaxial dislocations, posterior cervical fixation entails a larger number of fused segments. Anterior surgery is associated with shorter operative times and less blood loss. Anterior instrumentation with interbody grafting can be the initial choice of treatment for stabilization for this subgroup of patients. Posterior surgery is indicated if radiographs after anterior instrumentation show failure.     

多模式神经电生理监测在颈椎前路手术中的应用

目的 探讨多模式神经电生理监测(MIOM)在颈前路手术中的应用价值.方法 53例颈椎前路手术患者采用术中MIOM监测,记录术中各个阶段的报警情况,并采取相应措施,使术中脊髓神经损伤的可能性最小化.分析术中警报按类型、原因、术前诊断以及手术方式之间的关系,通过神经电生理监测结果以及手术前后JOA评分对手术疗效进行分析.结果 与术前基准电位相比较,术毕SEP及MEP波幅均有所提高,而潜伏期均未有明显改变.术后JOA评分较术前有明显改善(P＜0.05).脊髓型颈椎病患者以及行椎体次全切手术者术中监测“严重警报”发生率较高.结论 颈前路手术中多模式神经电生理监测能有效降低术中神经功能损伤,降低手术风险并能作为手术疗效评价以及神经功能恢复情况的客观依据.     

阴道镜联合液基细胞学技术在宫颈病变诊断中的价值探讨

目的 探讨宫颈病变患者中阴道镜联合液基细胞学(TCT)检查的临床效果.方法 选取崇州市妇幼保健院2009年3月～2012年3月共1209例患者行TCT检查,其中284例TCT阳性患者并行阴道镜及TCT检查,细胞学诊断按TBS分类标准.分析阴道镜检查及TCT两种方法对比病理学诊断的差异性.结果 ①TCT检查敏感性为91.66％(176/192),TCT检查特异性为67.39％(62/92).阴道镜敏感性为94.95％(188/198),特异性为79.07％(68/86).阴道镜+TCT联合检测敏感性为98.53％(201/204),特异性为93.75％(75/80).②敏感性:阴道镜对比TCT:x2=0.90,P＞0.05;TCT对比联合:x2=5.00,P＜ 0.05;阴道镜对比联合:x2=1.94,P＞0.05.特异性:阴道镜对比TCT:x2=3.50,P＞0.05;TCT对比联合:x2=22.30,P＜ 0.05;阴道镜对比联合:x2=9.22,P＜0.05.结论 TCT、阴道镜联合检查可互补、相互完善,提高宫颈病变早期诊断、治疗的可能性,降低肿瘤在宫颈的发生率,效果显著.     

针刀触激星状神经节治疗颈源性眩晕的临床效果

目的研究针刀触激星状神经节治疗颈源性眩晕的疗效。方法将符合纳入标准的90例颈源性眩晕患者进行星状神经节针刀触激术治疗。每次治疗前后评估患者的病情,最后评估临床疗效。结果患者经针刀治疗后临床治愈65例,显效14例,好转9例,无效2例,治愈率为72.2%,总有效率达97.8%。结论针刀触激星状神经节治疗颈源性眩晕,具有易操作、创伤小、并发症少、安全、疗效显著、恢复快等优点。     

Polymorphism of CYP1A1 gene variants rs4646903 and rs1048943 relation to the incidence of cervical cancer in Chhattisgarh

Cytochrome P450 CYP1A1 is a phase 1 xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme involved in the metabolism of toxins, endogenous hormones and pharmaceutical drugs. It is therefore possible that polymorphism of CYP1A1 gene producing functional changes in the enzyme may be susceptible factors in cervical carcinogenesis. This study was aimed to look association of CYP1A1 m1 (T > C) and m2 (A > G) gene polymorphisms in Chhattisgarh population. In this case-control study, we analyzed leukocyte DNA from a total of 200 subjects form Chhattisgarh (100 cases and 100 controls). All subjects were genotyped for CYP1A1 m1 (T > C) and m2 (A > G) using PCR-RFLP with statistical analysis by using SPSS version 16.0 and VassarStats (online). Among the two gene variants rs4646903 (T > C) and rs1048943 (A > G), individuals with AG and GG genotypes of CYP1A1 m2 polymorphism have significantly higher and increased risk of cervical cancer (OR = 2.0, 95%CI = 1.04-3.84, p = 0.035; OR = 62.9, 95%CI = 3.72-1063.83, p = 0.004 respectively) and the association of CYP1A1 m1 polymorphism did not show any significant relationship with cervical cancer patients (p = 0.23). The ‘G’ allele showed strong association with the disease (p < 0.0001). Thus, CYP1A1 m2 polymorphism showed an increased risk in the population leading to cervical cancer. Our study suggested that the presence of ‘C’ allele of rs4646903 (T > C) showed no risk and ‘G’ allele of rs1048943 (A > G) might be a leading allele to cause increased cervical cancer susceptibility due to significant association of CYP1A1 m2 gene polymorphism.     

Inspiratory stridor and dysphagia in two newborn infants caused by ectopic thymus tissue

We report two cases of ectopic cervical thymus, a solid thymic lesion, and a thymus cyst causing inspiratory stridor and mild dysphagia in the neonatal period. Because of the rarity of thymic dystopia, the two masses were initially misdiagnosed as more common entities, namely, lymph node enlargement and lymphangioma, respectively. The correct diagnosis was made only after surgical excision and histopathological examination. This case report is completed by a short review of embryogenic development, diagnostic procedures with differential diagnoses, and therapeutic outcome of ectopic thymus.     

宫颈活检与宫颈环切术后病理检查在宫颈上皮内瘤样病变诊断中临床应用比较

目的:探讨阴道镜下行宫颈多点活检与宫颈环形电切术术后病理检查在宫颈上皮内瘤样病变诊断中临床应用比较。方法:对在我院经治的经阴道镜下行宫颈多点活检确诊的120例宫颈上皮内瘤样病变患者,进行宫颈环形电切术并且术后行病理检查,比较两者符合率。结果:在CINⅠ中两种方法的符合率为71.1%,在CINⅡ中两种方法的符合率为53.8%,在CINⅢ中两种方法的符合率为43.3%。结论:阴道镜下行宫颈多点活检与宫颈环形电切术术后病理检查对宫颈上皮内瘤样病变的诊断结果具有一定的差异,在经阴道镜下行宫颈多点活检诊断为宫颈上皮内瘤样病变的患者,可以在选择行宫颈环形电切术的同时,于术后行病理检查,可以达到进一步明确诊断的目的,提高该疾病诊断的准确率,减少误诊误治的发生。