CT引导下射频联合臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症日间手术的疗效

探讨螺旋CT引导下射频热凝联合臭氧消融治疗腰椎间盘突出症日间手术的临床疗效。方法 回顾性收集2020年1月—2022年6月我院日间病房住院的137例腰椎间盘突出症患者的临床资料,所有患者均行螺旋CT引导下射频联合臭氧消融治疗日间手术。收集手术时间,术毕至出院时间,总住院时间,术前、术后1月、3月的疼痛数字评分(NRS),Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评分,改良 Macnab评级和手术相关并发症,并进行术前与术后的对比分析。结果 所有患者在螺旋CT引导下穿刺成功率为100%,并在手术当日出院,平均手术时间为（35.55±10.44）min,平均术毕至出院时间为（58.36±25.26） min,平均总住院时间为（453.91±27.18）min。术后1、3月的NRS评分和ODI评分均低于术前;术后1、3月改良Macnab疗效评定标准有效率分别为86.13%、89.05%。所有患者均未有穿刺或治疗相关的并发症。结论 螺旋CT引导下射频联合臭氧消融治疗腰椎间盘突出症日间手术是可行的,其可降低腰椎间盘突出症患者的疼痛程度、改善日常功能障碍、安全性高,可在临床推广应用     

腰椎间盘突出症与腰椎间盘突出症合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者的对比研究

目的 探究腰椎间盘突出症（LDH）与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）之间的关联,为LDH的临床诊治策略及治疗方案提供参考依据。方法 选取2018年1月—2020年3月中国医科大学附属第一医院骨科行外科手术治疗的485例LDH患者,按是否合并OSA进行分组研究。结果 485例LDH患者中合并OSA的307例,发生率为63.3%。LDH合并OSA组主观症状、临床症状、日常活动受限程度日本骨科协会（JOA）腰痛评分低于单纯LDH组（P <0.05）;两组膀胱功能JOA评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）;LDH合并OSA组视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分高于单纯LDH组（P <0.05）。Pfirrmann 5级评分法中4、5级例数构成比LDH合并OSA组较单纯LDH组高（P <0.05）。两组患者的硬膜撕裂率、神经受损率、血肿率、切口感染率等并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。单纯LDH组与LDH合并OSA组术后3、6、12和24个月静息状态下JOA和VAS评分比较,采用重复测量设计的方差分析,结果：(1)不同时间点的JOA和VAS评分有差异（...     

Immunopathological features of palatine tonsil characteristic of IgA nephropathy: IgA1 localization in follicular dendritic cells

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is generally thought to be mediated by the glomerular deposition of circulating immune complexes containing IgA as the major antibody component. Upper respiratory infections and tonsillitis often precede IgAN. and in some cases tonsillectomy is affective for the (treatment of IgAN. Thus, the tonsil seems to be a unique organ causing initial and/or progressive events to generate nephritogenic immune complexes in IgAN. in this study we focused on the analysis of immunopathological features of the palatine tonsil characteristic of IgAN patients by using an immunohistochemical technique. The IgAl subclass was demonstrated in follicular dendritic cells (FDC) of the tonsil of IgAN patients, but not in FDC of non-IgAN controls. On the other hand, IgA2, IgG, IgM and C3 did not show any differences in distribution between the two groups. Moreover, the expression of decay-accelerating factor (DAF), an inhibitor of homologous complement activation, and transforming growth factor-beta I (TGF-/β1). an inducer of antibody-producing ceils to IgA class switching, in FDC and interdigitating dendritic cells of the tonsil, respectively, which was also clarified in this study for the first time, was found to be identically distributed in the two groups. These findings may support the idea that IgA1. possibly in an immune complex form, is trapped by FDC and plays an important role in the persistent activation of particular B cell repertoires responsible for ihe onset and/or progression of IgAN.     

Blood vascular architecture of the palatine tonsil in the musk shrew (Suncus murinus): scanning electron microscopic study of corrosion casts

The musk shrew, Suncus murinus, is one of the primitive mammals and has a pair of palatine tonsils. In the present study, we investigated the blood microvascular architecture of the tonsil in this animal by scanning electron microscopy of corrosion casts. The paranodular arterioles entered the lymph nodule to form a coarse capillary plexus within the nodule. Some of the arterioles reached the dome region to give rise to a fine meshwork of dome subepithelial capillaries. This dome subepithelial capillary network did not show any hairpin or switch-back patterns, as seen in human and rabbit tonsils. Both of the nodular and dome capillaries were drained into the postcapillary venules in the periphery of the nodular or the paranodular region. On the surface of these cast venules, oval-shaped indentations were seen corresponding to the luminal surface of the high endothelial venules. These venules were collected into the large vein at the bottom of the tonsil. The blood vascular architecture of the musk shrew tonsil is basically the same as those of other mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues in mammals.     

后路腰椎间盘镜治疗多节段腰椎间盘突出症

目的探讨多节段腰椎间盘突出症的后路腰椎间盘镜(MED)手术治疗方法。方法回顾性分析2000年至2004年经MED治疗的45例多节段椎间盘突出症的临床资料。结果对45例患者共93个椎间盘进行了手术，平均住院时间14．8d，平均手术时间92min，平均手术出血量145ml，术后随访3个月至40个月，手术优良率为91．6％。结论多节段腰椎间盘突出症是MED手术治疗的相对适应证，相对于单节段的MED手术，术前定位和术中操作更困难，严格的病例选择和全面的术前分析，辅以熟练的手术操作，仍可获得较为满意的疗效。     

磷酸钙人工骨(CPC)在颈前路椎间融合的临床应用

目的探讨磷酸钙人工骨(CPC)在颈椎前路椎间融合手术中的应用效果。方法2001年4月至2003年10月颈前路手术中应用磷酸钙人工骨栓椎间融合结合钛钢板固定治疗颈椎病17例,颈椎间盘突出症5例,颈椎外伤脱位2例,共24例35个节段。采用JOA评分评价神经功能,X线片判定融合效果。结果随访18±6.5个月,术后无感染,无过敏或毒性反应。JOA评分由术前9.28±2.15分增加到14.65±2.18分(P<0.001)。术后X线片未见CPC骨栓塌陷或移位,钛板和螺钉无松动及折断。术后16.5±6.8个月均获得椎间融合。结论颈椎前路椎间融合手术应用磷酸钙人工骨替代自体骨,经济、安全、简便、效果可靠。     

三种手术方式对腰椎间盘突出症临床疗效的影响

目的探讨三种手术方式对腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)临床疗效的影响。方法 2007年1月~2012年10月于我科行手术治疗LDH的患者中选择110例患者,男63例,女47例;年龄18~73岁,平均45岁;均为单节段椎间盘突出(L3/46例,L4/560例,L5/S144例)。分别采用腰椎间盘髓核摘除术(A组,40例)、椎间融合联合单侧椎弓根螺钉内固定(B组,51例)、腰椎间盘髓核摘除联合棘突间稳定装置X-STOP系统植入(C组,19例),3组患者一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义(0.05)。每位患者术前及术后末次随访时通过完成欧洲五维健康量表及进行Oswestry功能障碍指数评分,比较评分改善情况。结果 110例患者均获得随访,平均随访时间18个月(6~38个月),末次随访时EQ-VAS评分、EQ-5D健康指数和ODI评分组内比较均明显改善(0.05),组间比较均无统计学差异(0.05)。结论对于单纯LDH可行腰椎间盘髓核摘除术,LDH合并腰椎不稳者可行椎间融合+单侧椎弓根螺钉内固定,对于椎间盘突出合并椎管狭窄,尤其是临床症状在屈曲位缓解的患者尤其适宜椎间盘髓核摘除联合棘突间动态内固定。     

Reticular crypt epithelium and intra-epithelial lymphoid cells in the hyperplastic human palatine tonsil: An immunohistochemical analysis

Extensive immunohistochemical analyses of the hyperplastic human palatine tonsil disclosed variegated B cell phenotypes on the lymphoid cells among the crypt epithelium. The reticular epithelial network was evident by cytokeratin immunostaining. The reticular epithelium near the crypt Iumen was positive for Iysozyme. Secretory component was negative, while HLA-DR was frequently expressed. Intramucosal small Iymphocytes, densely distributed in the Iuminal side, consisted mainly of B cells expressing CD19, CD20, CD21, CD22, CD45R, CD74, DBB42, HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, bcl-2 protein and surface lgM. Some B cells revealed mantle zone phenotypes (surface IgD+, CD5+, CD24+, DBA44+, CD10^--, DNA7^--). Cells of germinocyte phenotype (CD10+, DNA7+) were sparsely seen. A good number of intramucosal lymphoid cells were further labeled for CD11b, a phenotype of so-called B-1 cells. Plasma cells were clustered within the basal half. IgG was their major immunoglobulin class, followed by IgA, IgM and lgD classes. A smaller number of T cells (CD2+, CD3+, CD5+, CD45RO+, TCR αβ+) were identified among the epithelium. CD4+ cells predominated over CD8+ cells. TCR γΔ + cells were rare. Macrophages (CD68+), dendritic histio-cytes (S-100 protein+, CD1+), and natural killer cells (CD16+ or CD57+) were also dispersed. Another unique feature of this lymphoepithelial complex was the existence of HLA-DR intramucosal microvasculature, where lymphocyte recirculation was suggested. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen was detected commonly in the epithelial cells but rarely in the lymphoid cells. Possible lymphoepithelial interactions and morphologic similarities to the thymic medulla are discussed.     

一株抗人BLys单克隆抗体的制备及其生物学功能研究

研究以稳定高表达BLys的基因转染细胞L-BLys为免疫原,常规免疫BALB/c小鼠,采用B淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术进行细胞融合,L-BLys细胞和天然表达BLys的HL60细胞为抗体筛选阳性细胞株,经免疫荧光标记分析反复筛选和以有限稀释法反复克隆化培养。将获得的克隆4F7培养细胞注射入经致敏的小鼠体内,-抽取的腹水经Protein G亲和层析柱纯化。将纯化所得的抗体作用于经BLys分子刺激的扁桃体B细胞,3H-TdR检测细胞的增殖效率。结果获得1株持续、稳定分泌鼠抗人BLys单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株。该细胞株所分泌的抗体能阻断膜型和可溶性BLys分子对扁桃体B细胞的促增殖作用。对这株单克隆抗体生物学功能的研究表明,这株单抗能特异性识别人BLys分子及阻断膜型和可溶性BLys发挥生物学活性。     

中药蜡疗结合康复护理对气滞血瘀型腰椎间盘突出症患者腰椎功能的影响

目的 探讨中药蜡疗结合康复护理对气滞血瘀型腰椎间盘突出症患者腰椎功能的影响。方法 选择本院于2019年2月—2020年3月间收治的腰椎间盘突出症患者90例,按随机数字表法分为2组,各45例。对照组行常规康复护理联合单纯蜡泥外敷治疗,在此基础上,研究组行中药蜡疗干预。比较2组疼痛程度、腰椎功能、生活质量。结果 干预后,研究组视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分(0.45±0.06)较对照组(0.85±0.10)低,腰椎日本骨科协会(JOA)评分(25.26±2.05)较对照组(20.68±3.09)高,差异有统计学意义(t=23.009、8.285,P<0.001);研究组躯体疼痛、生理职能、活力、总体健康、生理功能、社会功能评分(71.30±8.21、75.24±7.98、74.12±8.65、67.59±9.94、79.30±10.01、85.60±6.85)较对照组(62.20±7.28、57.54±6.20、58.89±7.02、49.01±8.04、72.23±8.32、79.15±5.85)高,差异有统计学意义(t=5.563、11.750、9.171、9.749、3.644、4.803,P<0.05)。结论 中药蜡疗结合康复护理可有效减轻气滞血瘀型腰椎间盘突出症患者疼痛程度,改善腰椎功能,提高生活质量。