Hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α may be a marker for vasculitic neuropathy

Neuromuscular biopsy is still an essential method for diagnosing vasculitic neuropathy, although its diagnostic sensitivity is at most 60%. Our objective was to examine the expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α) in peripheral nerves and to evaluate its usefulness in diagnosing vasculitic neuropathy, especially for discrimination from other axonal neuropathies. Forty‐one patients with vasculitic neuropathy consisting of 20 definite, 14 probable and seven possible diagnoses, 15 patients with metabolic neuropathy, five with motor neuron disease and six with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy were included. Nerve biopsy specimens were immunohistochemically examined for HIF‐1α and various cell markers. Distinct immunoreactivity (IR) was observed in nuclei of endoneurial cells in 54% (22/41) of vasculitic patients, while specimens from metabolic neuropathies showed less nuclear IR and the difference of mean density of HIF‐1α‐positive nuclei was significant. Two patients with possible vasculitis who showed HIF‐1α‐positive nuclei in endoneurium, were later confirmed to have vasculitis by skin biopsies. Most of the cells expressing HIF were demonstrated to be Schwann cells. There was a trend in the vasculitic patients with early phase nerve damage to display higher endoneurial HIF‐1α‐IR. HIF‐1α may be an immunohistochemical marker for vasculitic neuropathy, especially when the observed section contains no vasculitic lesions.     

成年大鼠神经元和星形胶质细胞细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制因子表达的差异研究

目的比较研究成年大鼠细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制因子在神经元和星形胶质细胞的表达差异。方法应用免疫荧光和激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察成年大鼠生理状态下大脑皮层或海马CA1、CA3、DG区神经元和星形胶质细胞细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制因子(CDKI)p15Ink4b、p21cipl的表达。结果成年大鼠海马区和大脑皮层的神经元有p15Ink4b和p21cipl的表达,细胞核和细胞浆均有表达,且以胞核为主;星形胶质细胞也有上述细胞周期调控蛋白的表达,便细胞数目较少,并且表达这些指标的星形胶质细胞多聚集在海马区。结论成年大鼠大脑皮层和海马区的神经元和星形胶质细胞均表达p15Ink4b和p21cipl,而其在神经元的表达较星形胶质细胞更为普遍。     

丁酸对人结肠癌细胞株SW1116增殖及分化状态的影响

目的:探讨结肠中膳食纤维的酵解产物丁酸对人结肠癌细胞株生长、增殖及分化状态的影响。方法:将传代人结肠癌SW1116细胞株接种于不含及合不同浓度(2、3、4、7、10 mmol/L)丁酸的培养基中。经6、24、48和72h后,用四唑蓝(MTT)法测定细胞增殖率、细胞匀浆中癌胚抗原(CEA)及和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的表达;同时用电镜观察细胞形态的改变。结果:丁酸对SW1116细胞株的生长抑制作用呈浓度依赖性,在所观察的丁酸浓度及时限内,最高抑制率达53.9％。同时丁酸能大大增加SW1116细胞CEA和ALP的表达;当丁酸浓度≥7mmol/L和培养时间≥48h时,二者增加最为显著(P<0.001)。电镜显示丁酸能使细胞表面微绒毛明显增多。结论:丁酸能抑制SW1116细胞株的生长并诱导其分化。     

促黄体生成素基因免疫对前列腺增生模型鼠生殖内分泌的影响

目的 探讨LH基因免疫对前列腺增生模型鼠生殖内分泌的影响。方法 RT－PCR法从雌性大鼠垂体细胞中RNA扩增大鼠的促黄体素基因（LH）cDNA片段约（461bp）并克隆至T载体，获得重组质粒T－LH，限制酶酶切，酶连接，构建PCDNA3.1(-)/HbsAg/LH，经脂质体转染纯化的重组质粒至COS细胞中，通过肌肉注射构建的PCDNA3.1(-)/HbsAg/LH与前列腺增生大鼠，2个月内给药两次。结果 体外培养COS细胞，发现HBsAg与LH连接物表达较好，肌肉注射前列腺增生模型鼠重组质粒后，模型鼠LH与T的含量明显低于对照组。结论 PCDNA3.1(-)/HbsAg/LH可参与前列腺增生模型鼠生殖内分泌腺的调节。     

Cell transplantation to improve ventricular function in the failing heart

Current therapies for congestive heart failure are limited in efficacy or in applicability. Cardiac cell transplantation offers a novel therapeutic approach to improve heart function. Although significant progress has been made over the past decade in the development of cell transplantation, only recently have investigators studied the changes in ventricular function following cell transplantation. This review article describes the latest research developments, evaluates recent studies of ventricular function after cell transplantation, and discusses the future directions of cell transplantation as a new therapy to ‘repair broken hearts’.     

100例SARS患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群分析

目的 :探讨SARS患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群变化。方法 :采用流式细胞仪检测10 0例SARS住院患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群。结果 :与正常组比较 ,SARS组白细胞总数显著下降 ,淋巴细胞百分数和绝对数显著下降 ,粒细胞绝对数显著下降 ,CD3 、CD4 、CD8 细胞绝对数显著下降 ,CD4 细胞百分数 ,CD8 细胞百分数及CD4 /CD8 比值差异无统计学意义。比较SARS患者各病程CD3 、CD4 、CD8 ,于病程第一至第三周较第四周下降明显 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,病程第一至第三周之间差别无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;结论 :SARS患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的变化对阐明SARS的发病机制有一定意义。     

大鼠自体异体表皮细胞悬液混合移植的实验研究

目的　探讨自、异体表皮细胞悬液混合移植技术在创面修复中的应用。　方法　 30只大鼠随机配成 15对后 ,分成细胞悬液移植组 (A组 ,10对 )和细胞膜片移植组 (B组 ,5对 )。取每只大鼠全厚皮 ,分离表皮细胞 ,并根据配对情况按 1∶1的细胞比例混合 ,体外常规培养。 4d后收获A组混合细胞悬液 ,14d后收获B组混合细胞膜片。将此细胞悬液和膜片分别转移至A、B组相应供体大鼠的去全厚皮创面。随后A组每对大鼠的创面交叉覆盖配对方的异体全厚皮 ;B组创面覆盖胶原膜及“优妥”敷料。比较移植后 2～ 3周两组的创面修复情况。　结果　术后 2～ 3周 ,A组创面大多愈合 ,表面光滑 ,与皮下连接紧密。术后第 5天 ,B组创面部分细胞膜片脱落 ,部分成活 ,膜片成活的创面后期再次出现小创面 ,经久不愈。　结论　自、异体表皮细胞悬液混合移植是一种可行的、体内构建皮肤、修复创面的方法。     

骨髓细胞移植上调血管内皮生长因子及其受体的表达并改善缺血心脏功能

目的：通过骨髓细胞移植对心肌梗死大鼠模型血管内皮生长因子及其受体表达的影响，探讨骨髓细胞移植改善缺血心脏功能的可能机制。方法：利用左前降支冠状动脉结扎术制备大鼠心肌梗死模型，然后行异体骨髓细胞移植；分别于术后1d，3d，7d，14d和28d取材；利用免疫荧光和RT—PCR技术分析细胞移植对血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及其受体(Flk一1)表达的影响和移植细胞的分化情况；通过免疫组化计算血管数量；应用血流动力学检测大鼠心脏功能在术后各时间点的变化。结果：VEGF和Flk-1在移植组动物的心肌梗死区残存细胞、梗死周边区细胞以及部分移植细胞内表达。移植组VEGF和Flk-1的mRNA表达明显高于对照组。分别于术后3d和14d达到高峰，以后逐渐减弱。术后7d，14d和28d移植组血管数量较同期对照组明显增加，移植组心脏功能较对照组明显改善。术后14d可在部分移植细胞中检测到心肌细胞或血管内皮细胞特异性蛋白的表达。结论：骨髓细胞移植通过上调移植细胞及受者内源性VEGF和Flk—1的表达，促进血管新生，进而改善缺血心脏功能。     

天然细胞生长调控因子对原代培养神经细胞生长影响的实验研究

目的：观察天然细胞生长调控因子（NCGCF）对原代培养的神经细胞生长的影响，探讨其作用机理。方法：取Wistar大鼠乳鼠的大脑皮层神经细胞作原代细胞培养，将培养皿编号后分别在奇数孔加入NCGCF，偶 孔加入对照剂，倒置相差显微镜下观察两组神经细胞的生长情况。结果：加入NCGCF的实验组的神经细胞其突起长度较对照组长，生存时间也较对照组延长，差别均有显著性意义（均P＜0．01）。结论：NCGCF具有促进神经细胞突起的生长并延长神经细胞生存时间的作用。     

Intrauterine position affects motoneuron number and muscle size in a sexually dimorphic neuromuscular system

The intrauterine position occupied by a rodent fetus influences the amount of testosterone to which it is exposed before birth. Animals that are gestated between two male fetuses (2M) are exposed to higher circulating levels of testosterone than are animals positioned between two female fetuses (2F) and there are reliable differences in the reproductive physiology and behavior of 2M and 2F animals when adult. To determine whether intrauterine position modifies development of the central nervous system, we examined the sexually dimorphic spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus (SNB) in male and female gerbils from known intrauterine positions. We found that adult 2M female gerbils had 16% more SNB motoneurons than did 2F females. 2M males did not differ from 2F males in SNB motoneuron number, but the bulbocavernosus muscle, which is innervated by SNB motoneurons, was approximately 50% larger in 2M than in 2F males. These data indicate that intrauterine position can influence the morphology of the sexually dimorphic SNB neuromuscular system.