用分子细胞遗传学技术检测白血病染色体易位

本文概述了荧光素原位杂交(FISH),染色体涂抹(CP)和比较基因组杂交(CGH)等FISH相关技术,并讨论了这些技术应用于多种染色体易位的白血病的检测,其中包括对急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APL),儿童B系急性淋巴细胞白血病(B-ALL)及慢性粒细胞白血病急性变(CML-BT)病人的染色体易位的检测。这些技术的应用为白血病发病的分子机制的阐明奠定了基础,同时为临床诊断和残余白血病细胞监测提供了直观、快速、敏感和特异的方法。     

论以需求为导向的军队医院卫勤训练转型

医院着眼＂保健康、保打赢、保战斗力＂的职能使命,强化＂训为用、练为战＂意识,主动转型,探索建立以需求为导向、以应对多种安全威胁的卫勤保障能力与平时医疗救治能力同步提升的训练模式,从根本上提高综合训练效益,加快转变战斗力生成模式步伐。     

Predictions and Experiments on the Distortion of the 20Cr2Ni4A C-ring during Carburizing and Quenching Process

This paper focuses on the effect of gear steel on distortion due to phase transformation in carburizing and quenching. The carburizing and quenching process of C-rings under suspension was studied by using the finite element method based on the thermo-mechanical theory, considering phase transformation. The phase transformation kinetics parameters, depending on different carbon contents, were measured by Gleeble-3500. The distortion behavior of the carburized C-ring during the cooling stage was analyzed, as well as the carbon concentration distribution and martensite volume fractions. The accuracy of the simulation was also verified by comparing the experimental data with the simulated result of the distortion and microstructure. A reliable basis is provided for predicting the distortion mechanism of gear steels in carburizing and quenching.     

长链非编码RNA核富集转录体1促进喉鳞状细胞癌细胞迁移和侵袭的机制研究

目的 探究长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)核富集转录体1(NEAT1)NEAT1对喉鳞状细胞癌(LSCC)细胞迁移和侵袭的影响,并进一步分析miR-429/锌指E-盒结合同源异形盒1(ZEB1)轴在其中发挥的作用。方法 慢病毒转染建立稳定敲减lncRNA NEAT1的LSCC细胞,通过RT-qPCR检测细胞lncRNA NEAT1表达以验证转染效率,通过Transwell实验检测细胞迁移和侵袭能力,通过Western blot检测细胞上皮-间充质转化(EMT)相关蛋白N-cadherin、Vimentin、Slug和Snail表达。通过生物信息学分析miR-429与lncRNA NEAT1和ZEB1 mRNA间的潜在结合位点,并通过双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证miR-429与lncRNA NEAT1以及miR-429与ZEB1 mRNA结合。将miR-429抑制剂转染敲减lncRNA NEAT1的LSCC细胞,通过Western blot检测细胞ZEB1表达。进一步检查敲减ZEB1对抑制miR-429的敲减lncRNA NEAT1的LSCC细胞迁移、侵袭和EMT的影响。结果 敲减lncRNA NEAT1降低LSCC细胞lncRNA NEAT1表达,抑制细胞迁移和侵袭并下调细胞N-cadherin、Vimentin、Slug和Snail表达。miR-429与lncRNA NEAT1和ZEB1 mRNA间存在潜在结合位点,且miR-429与lncRNA NEAT1以及miR-429与ZEB1 mRNA结合。抑制miR-429逆转了敲减lncRNA NEAT1对LSCC细胞ZEB1表达的抑制作用。此外,敲减ZEB1逆转了抑制miR-429对敲减lncRNA NEAT1的LSCC细胞迁移和侵袭的促进作用及EMT相关蛋白N-cadherin、Vimentin、Slug和Snail表达的上调作用。结论 lncRNA NEAT1促进LSCC细胞迁移和侵袭,其机制可能与海绵化miR-429上调ZEB1表达促进LSCC细胞EMT有关。     

基于JAK-2/STAT3信号通路观察维生素D3对炎症相关性结直肠癌的影响

目的 基于Janus蛋白酪氨酸激酶2(JAK2)/信号转导及转录激活因子3(STAT3)信号通路观察维生素D₃(VitD₃)对炎症相关性结直肠癌(CAC)的影响。方法 取30只雄性昆明小鼠给予葡聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)造模,并随机分为模型组、VitD₃低剂量组、VitD₃高剂量组,另取10只正常小鼠作为对照组。VitD₃低、高剂量组造模过程中分别给予10 IU·g-1、20 IU·g-1的VitD₃灌胃,灌胃体积2 mL,连续给药28 d;对照组和模型组均给予等体积花生油。造模第7、14、21、28 d称取小鼠重量;造模结束后,取出结直肠组织,计算成瘤数量;HE染色、ELISA、免疫组化检测小鼠结直肠组织形态、组织匀浆液上清中炎症因子含量及上皮钙黏素(E-cadherin)和波形蛋白(vimentin)的表达;RT-qPCR检测H19、let-7a、c-Myc mRNA、HMGA2 mRNA表达;Western blotting检测JAK2/STAT3通路蛋白...     

La educación médica como necesidad para la formación de los futuros médicos

This work highlights the need to establish Medical Education Units in Spain in response an increasingly demanding global society. As in Netherlands, England and the United States of America, we suggest establishing unified quality criteria and use them to promote changes in the Faculties of Medicine all along the country. Medical Education Units would assume a role in curricular evaluation and updating to ensure quality standards and academic excellence. Moreover, it would be essential to offer training in Medical Education for both teachers and students, including development of dedicated Master and PhD programs and associated research projects. Furthermore, Medical Education Units would work in favor of continuous training through the creation of the Chairs of Medical Education reinforcing the role of education in health sciences.     

A case of a primary myelofibrosis with progression and related literature review of progression phase genetics

Philadelphia (BCR-ABL)-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) include polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). MPN can transform into an accelerated or a blast phase, which is associated with poor response to standard therapy and low overall median survival. We present an interesting case of a patient with a history of PMF and progression and summarize the current studies on genetic features of myeloproliferative neoplasms in blast phase (MPN-BP) with an emphasis on PMF. Although MPN-BP show ≥20% blasts in peripheral blood or bone marrow, it is not considered as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) according to the WHO classification. While MPNs-BP typically lack genetic mutations seen in de novo AML, they commonly harbor IDH1/2, SRSF2, ASXL1, and TP53 mutations, similar to the genetic profiles of acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC).     

基于扎根理论对孙洁运用“玄府气液理论”治疗小便不利经验的研究

[目的]认识“玄府气液理论”及其与小便不利的关系,并借此探究孙洁主任运用“玄府气液理论”治疗小便不利的临床经验。 [方法]通过扎根理论的研究方法,分析并构建运用玄府气液理论来辨证治疗小便不利疾病的理论模型,纳入孙洁临床诊疗数据库中收录的 135例“小便不利”相关临床资料,使用扎根理论方法,进行开放式编码、关联式编码、核心式编码的三级编码分析,归纳出核心属类并构建理论框架。[结果]归纳出孙洁主任“注重玄府虚实,通化玄府,宣通气液”这一核心属类,以及“以玄府为核心的辨证论治”和“以通化玄府为治则”两大范畴,并以此为基础得出孙洁主任辨治小便不利相关疾病的经验,即以玄府为核心,注重辨玄府之虚实以及邪滞性质,以祛邪通玄及补虚通玄为治法,遣方用药以苓桂剂为核心,将利水通玄与温通玄府法相结合,善用通阳化气药。[结论]在研究和总结“玄府气液理论”的基础上,总结孙洁主任运用该理论治疗小便不利的经验,成功构建孙洁主任运用“玄府气液理论”治疗小便不利疾病的理论模型。     

农杆菌介导的高卢蜜环菌遗传转化体系的优化

目的 该研究在已有高卢蜜环菌遗传转化体系的基础上，对遗传转化体系进行优化以提高转化效率，为后续蜜环菌分子标记辅助育种、基因功能的研究奠定基础。方法 首先构建遗传转化的质粒pH101-PAgGPD-GFP-TrpC，将其转化到大肠埃希菌中扩大培养并提取质粒。提取的质粒分别转化LBA4404，EHA105，GV3101，AGL-1共4种不同的农杆菌。用转化后的农杆菌浸染高卢蜜环菌，筛选出转化率最高的农杆菌。再分别从抗生素种类及浓度、共培养时间、菌液浓度和浸染方法5个方面对农杆菌介导的高卢蜜环菌遗传转化体系进行优化。采用Synbiosis ProtoCol 3测量影像分析仪观察蜜环菌在不同条件下的表型谱。结果 优化后高卢蜜环菌遗传转化条件为农杆菌菌株采用EHA105，菌液浓度为吸光度A_{600 nm}=0.6；共培养时间为2 d，浸染方式为负压浸染10 min，初筛培养基为含400 mg·L^-1头孢噻肟钠，10 mg·L^-1潮霉素的PDA培养基，复筛培养基为含12 mg·L^-1潮霉素的PDA培养基。结论 该研究在已经建立的高卢蜜环菌的遗传转化体系的基础上成功对该体系进行了优化，且优化前后的转化率差异存在明显统计学意义（P<0.05），即优化后高卢蜜环菌的转化效率约为4.33%，相比于优化前提高了约8倍。     

Microbial transformation of asiatic acid by Alternaria longipes

Asiatic acid is a major pentacyclic triterpene isolated from Centella asiatica. It shows a variety of bioactivities. In order to obtain its derivatives, potentially useful for detailed pharmacological studies, the substrate was subjected to incubations with selected micro-organisms. In this work, asiatic acid was converted into three new compounds: 2α,3β,23,30-tetrahydroxyurs-12-ene-28-oic acid (1), 2α,3β,22β,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-ene-28-oic acid (2), and 2α,3β,22β,23,30-pentahydroxyurs-12-ene-28-oic acid (3) by the fungus Alternaria longipes AS 3.2875. The structures of the three metabolites were determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectral data.