叶绿酸抑制细胞恶性转化的蛋白表达差异分析

目的：采用蛋白质组学技术分析叶绿酸抑制细胞恶性转化的蛋白差异表达,探讨叶绿酸抗细胞转化的分子机制.方法：一步法分别提取二羟环氧苯并芘（BPDE）诱导的转化细胞B-1和叶绿酸与BPDE共处理的抗转化细胞CB-1总蛋白,应用二维凝胶电泳技术和相应软件ImageMaster 2D3．10分析两种细胞的蛋白质组变化．基质辅助激光解吸电离-飞行时间-质谱（MALDI-TOF-MS）结合数据库检索鉴定部分表达有差异的蛋白斑点。结果：与B-1细胞相比．CB-1细胞中有47个蛋白斑点出现表达差异，其中19个蛋白斑点表达升高．28个蛋白斑点表达降低；质谱分析初步鉴定出5个差异蛋白斑点。结论：叶绿酸抑制细胞恶性转化可引起大量蛋白表达差异．这些差异蛋白可能参与了叶绿酸抗细胞转化的过程。     

前外侧或外侧硬脑膜外入路切除海绵窦区肿瘤：附9例临床经验

背景与目的：目前对海绵窦区肿瘤的手术治疗仍是神经外科的难题之一。本文旨在提高海绵窦区肿瘤的全切率，降低神经功能的残障率。方法：针对海绵窦外侧壁的显微解剖特点，结合典型病例分析，回顾性总结了9例海绵窦内肿瘤，经前外侧或外侧硬膜外入路，通过显微神经外科技术切开海绵窦外侧壁夹层，按神经走行方向切开，辨认肿瘤生长和颅神经的关系分块切除肿瘤。结果：9例海绵窦内肿瘤中，海绵状血管瘤1例，神经鞘瘤6例，脑膜瘤2例。全切除5例，3例次全切除，1例大部分切除。3例出现新的颅神经功能障碍症状，6个月后新出现的颅神经功能障碍症状减轻2例．完全恢复1例。结论：明确的海绵窦区显微外科解剖概念．娴熟的显微神经外科技术以及选择适当的手术入路是提高海绵窦区肿瘤的全切率，降低术中出血、术后残障率的关键因素。     

胃肠道间质瘤相关PDGFRA基因突变体功能的研究

目的 探讨胃肠道间质瘤中一个新的PDGFRA基因突变位点L839P在肿瘤发生发展中的恶性转化作用.方法 采用脂质体法,将重组质粒稳定转染中国仓鼠卵巢上皮细胞(CHO).应用Western blot法,检测PDGFRA蛋白的表达情况.应用细胞计数法,描绘细胞生长曲线;应用流式细胞仪榆测细胞周期及细胞凋亡,并观察稳转突变型重组质粒CHO细胞在裸鼠体内的成瘤性.将PDGFRA突变型与kit野生型重组质粒共同瞬时转染CHO细胞,用Western blot法检测kit蛋白的表达及其磷酸化状态.结果 阴性对照组、实验组及阳性对照组细胞中均有PDGFRA蛋白表达.实验组和阳性对照组较阴性对照组和空白对照组细胞生长速度加快;空白对照组、阴性对照组、实验组和阳性对照组处于增殖期的细胞比例分别为28.4%、24.5%、43.8%和40.9%,凋亡率分别为1.8%、1.9%、1.5%和1.6%.接种阳性对照组及实验组稳转细胞的裸鼠,3周后均见肿瘤生长.PDGFRA突变型质粒与kit野生型质粒共转染CHO细胞后,磷酸化kit蛋白表达明显增强.结论 PDGFRA基因L839P点突变为功能获得性突变,对正常细胞有较强的恶性转化作用,并口丁激活kit蛋白,导致肿瘤发生.     

农杆菌介导的高卢蜜环菌遗传转化体系的优化

目的 该研究在已有高卢蜜环菌遗传转化体系的基础上，对遗传转化体系进行优化以提高转化效率，为后续蜜环菌分子标记辅助育种、基因功能的研究奠定基础。方法 首先构建遗传转化的质粒pH101-PAgGPD-GFP-TrpC，将其转化到大肠埃希菌中扩大培养并提取质粒。提取的质粒分别转化LBA4404，EHA105，GV3101，AGL-1共4种不同的农杆菌。用转化后的农杆菌浸染高卢蜜环菌，筛选出转化率最高的农杆菌。再分别从抗生素种类及浓度、共培养时间、菌液浓度和浸染方法5个方面对农杆菌介导的高卢蜜环菌遗传转化体系进行优化。采用Synbiosis ProtoCol 3测量影像分析仪观察蜜环菌在不同条件下的表型谱。结果 优化后高卢蜜环菌遗传转化条件为农杆菌菌株采用EHA105，菌液浓度为吸光度A_{600 nm}=0.6；共培养时间为2 d，浸染方式为负压浸染10 min，初筛培养基为含400 mg·L^-1头孢噻肟钠，10 mg·L^-1潮霉素的PDA培养基，复筛培养基为含12 mg·L^-1潮霉素的PDA培养基。结论 该研究在已经建立的高卢蜜环菌的遗传转化体系的基础上成功对该体系进行了优化，且优化前后的转化率差异存在明显统计学意义（P<0.05），即优化后高卢蜜环菌的转化效率约为4.33%，相比于优化前提高了约8倍。     

Microbial transformation of asiatic acid by Alternaria longipes

Asiatic acid is a major pentacyclic triterpene isolated from Centella asiatica. It shows a variety of bioactivities. In order to obtain its derivatives, potentially useful for detailed pharmacological studies, the substrate was subjected to incubations with selected micro-organisms. In this work, asiatic acid was converted into three new compounds: 2α,3β,23,30-tetrahydroxyurs-12-ene-28-oic acid (1), 2α,3β,22β,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-ene-28-oic acid (2), and 2α,3β,22β,23,30-pentahydroxyurs-12-ene-28-oic acid (3) by the fungus Alternaria longipes AS 3.2875. The structures of the three metabolites were determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectral data.     

Section 1 The effect of ibuprofen on lymphocyte stimulation by phytohaemagglutillin in Vitro

Summary

A study was carried out to determine the effects of ibuprofen, phenylbutazone and indomethacin at different concentrations on phytohaemagglutinin-induced stimulation of lymphocytes in vitro. The results indicate that all three drugs inhibit lymphocyte stimulation, and at concentrations achieved by ibuprofen and phenylbutazone in vivo. It may be, therefore, that part of the effect of ibuprofen in rheumatoid arthritis is due to inhibition of lymphocyte function.     

Transformation: are nurse leaders in critical care ready?

Aim The aim was to determine whether nursing leaders met the criteria for transformational and/or transactional leadership. Background Many changes have occurred in South Africa and are reflected in the health-care systems. As a result, it has become crucial to source leaders who are able to manage the change process effectively so as to ensure the success and survival of our health-care organizations. Methods The 45-item Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (Rater) was completed by 41 respondents out of a population of 121. A proportional stratified simple random sampling technique was used to select the raters of seven leaders. Results Most nursing leaders role-modelled the culture of the organisation but did not stimulate their followers intellectually and did not demonstrate innovative motivation or individual consideration. Consequently, their followers may exhibit a lack of commitment to collective goals, with detrimental effects on the health-care organisation as a whole. Conclusions and implications for nursing managers Nursing leaders should be trained to become transformational leaders so as to encourage their followers to become innovative and motivated to render high quality nursing care.     

Survival of HeLa Cells Cultured in Vitro and Exposed to Protracted Gamma-irradiation

Summary

Experiments are described in which S₃ HeLa cells were exposed to gamma-radiation at dose-rates of 9·5 and 19 rad/hour (chronic irradiation). The cell-survival, in terms of reproductive integrity, was compared with the same cell-line irradiated at 44·9 rad/min (acute irradiation). It was found that while a ‘type C’ multi-hit curve was necessary to describe the survival of cells irradiated at 44·9 rad/min, a simple exponential function of dose was sufficient to describe the survival at 9·5 and 19 rad/min. The data were compared with the results of Berry and Cohen (1962).     

大面积脑梗死后出血性转化的CT诊断新认识

目的 提高对大面积脑梗死后出血性转化的CT诊断水平及新认识.方法 对60例大面积脑梗死后出血性转化的CT资料进行回顾性分析.结果 大面积脑梗死后复查头部CT,常规扫描37例,薄层扫描23例.出血性转化在梗死后1d检出3例,2～3 d检出16例,4～7 d检出9例,8～14 d检出32例.CT表现分3型：中心型（13例）、边缘型（21例）、混合型（26例）.结论“出血性转化”已代替“出血性脑梗死”和“梗死后出血”,大面积脑梗死最易发生出血性转化,影像学检查是诊断出血性转化的金标准,CT为首选的主要检查方法,薄层扫描更利于病变早期检出,对指导临床选择治疗方案及预后判断具有重要意义.