血糖浓度增高对急性心肌梗塞预后的影响

目的:回顾性地了解无论是否伴有糖尿病,血糖浓度增高对急性心肌梗塞住院病死率及心梗后心衰、心源性休克的影响。方法:1990年1月～2000年10月我院心肌梗塞住院病人100例,将入院时血糖浓度<6.6mmol/L作为A组。入院时血糖浓度增高在6.6～11.1mmol/L为B组。入院时血糖浓度>11.1mmol/L为C组,分别计算各组发生心衰、心源性休克的百分率及住院病死率。结果:A组心衰发生率10.71％,心源性休克发生率3.57％,住院病死率3.57％;B组心衰发生率41.18％,心源性休克发生率29.41％,住院病死率26.47％;C组心衰发生率52.63％,心源性休克发生率31.58％,住院病死率26.32％。B组、C组心衰发生率、心源性休克发生率及住院病死率比A组明显增加,差异有显著性。而B组与C组心衰发生率、心源性休克发生率及住院病死率无显著性差异。结论:血糖浓度增高,心衰、心源性休克发生率及住院病死率明显增高。     

大剂量维生素C对早期出血性休克的治疗作用

目的　探讨大剂量维生素C对休克时血液流变学及血流动力学的作用。方法　将 18只兔经股动脉放血至休克后 ,分成维生素C治疗组和对照组。分别测定失血前后血流动力学指标、血液流变学指标及血浆丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果　对照组血流动力学、血液流变学无明显改善 ,血浆MDA水平升高。维生素C组以上各指标均有明显好转。结论　维生素C能改善休克时血液流变学和血流动力学 ,因而有明显的抗休克作用。     

Immunogenicity and tumor-inhibiting effects of HSP-antigen peptide complex in melanoma B16 cells in mice

目的 :黑色素瘤 B1 6细胞热休克蛋白 -抗原肽复合物 (HACs)及其粗提物 (HAC- CEs)的制备 ,以及它们的免疫原性和抑瘤效应的研究。方法 :应用 Sephacryl S- 2 0 0凝胶过滤制备HAC- CEs,应用亲和层析纯化 HACs,并测其免疫功能和抑瘤效应。结果 :应用凝胶过滤制备的HAC- CE3、HAC- CE4、HAC- CE5和应用亲和层析纯化的 HAC60 ,HAC75和 HAC97均不同程度地降低肿瘤发生率、延迟肿瘤发生时间和减少移植黑色素瘤 C57BL/6J小鼠死亡率 ;同时 ,伴有小鼠脾细胞 IFN-γ和 IL- 2分泌活性及 CTL杀伤率的增加。结论 :分子量为 60 0 0 0～ 970 0 0的 HACs具有免疫原性和抑瘤效应 ,本研究为制备肿瘤疫苗提供重要的实验依据。     

热休克预处理诱导HSP70蛋白表达减轻神经细胞的缺血损伤

目的 :研究热休克预处理对脑缺血再灌后热休克蛋白 70 (HSP70 )的表达影响及对缺血神经细胞损伤的保护作用。方法 :采用沙鼠短暂前脑缺血再灌损伤模型 ,光镜观察缺血再灌后神经细胞损伤情况 ,免疫组化方法检测脑缺血后不同时期额叶HSP70蛋白表达。结果 :沙鼠脑缺血后HSP70蛋白仅在再灌后 1d有少量表达 (P <0 .0 1) ;缺血神经细胞在再灌后第 7d大多出现损伤改变 ;热休克预处理能增加沙鼠脑缺血再灌后各期HSP70蛋白表达 (P <0 .0 1) ,明显减轻缺血神经细胞损伤 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :热休克预处理能通过增加HSP70蛋白表达 ,减少缺血神经细胞损伤。     

炮口冲击波引起的山羊病理形态学改变

目的 探讨炮口冲击波对山羊的病理形态学改变。方法 用１２５ｍｍ火炮单发发射穿甲弹,进行大体形态学,光镜和电镜观察。结果 肺是炮口冲击波作用最敏感的内脏器官,大体解剖主要表现为不同程度的肺出血;光镜观察可见肺泡出血、水肿,肺泡明显扩张,肺不张和炎细胞浸润;电镜观察可见肺泡上皮肿胀、变性、微绒毛减少、肺泡隔增生纤维化。上呼吸道和胃肠道对炮口冲击波也较为敏感,主要表现为不同程度的帮浆膜下出血。结论 炮口     

钙增敏剂MCI-154对内毒素休克大鼠左心室肌原纤维ATP酶活性的影响

目的　研究钙增敏剂MCI 15 4对内毒素休克大鼠左心室肌原纤维ATP酶活性的影响。方法　利用心室肌原纤维制备 ,测定其在不同钙浓度的激活液中的ATP酶活性。结果　内毒素休克组心肌肌原纤维在不同pCa(-log[Ca2 +] )溶液中的ATP酶活性及最大ATP酶活性均明显低于假休克组 ,ATP酶 pCa曲线向右移位约 0 .35个pCa单位 ,曲线的中位值pCa50 (产生 5 0 %最大ATP酶活性所对应的pCa)明显降低。 5×10 -5mol/L甲腈吡酮对上述异常无明显的纠正作用。内毒素休克大鼠心室肌原纤维经含 1× 10 -5mol/L的MCI 15 4的激活液处理后 ,各pCa点ATP酶活性及最大ATP酶活性均明显增加 ,显著高于内毒素休克组和甲腈吡酮组 ;ATP酶 pCa曲线向左移位约 0 .4个pCa单位 ,pCa50 值增加 ,显著高于内毒素休克组和甲腈吡酮组值 ,与假休克组值无明显差别。结论　内毒素休克后 ,心肌肌原纤维活力下降 ,ATP酶活性降低 ;钙增敏剂MCI 15 4可通过增加心肌收缩蛋白对钙的敏感性而提高心肌肌原纤维活力 ,增加ATP酶活性     

Biological response modifiers and infectious diseases: actual and potential therapeutic agents

Biological response modifiers (BRMs) are agents which can modify the immune response to cancer or invasion of the organism by infectious agents. An explosive appearance of new BRMs has resulted from the development of recombinant gene technology and the availability of monoclonal antibodies. Colony-stimulating factors first became available for the prevention of neutropenia but may also have a role in the treatment of infections. Interleukin-1 is being tested as a modular of hematopoiesis and may be useful as a helper factor for T- and B-cell function. Immunoglobulins are being used against viral and bacterial infections while interferons can prevent viral upper respiratory infections and suppress or irradicate some viral hepatitides. Other BRMs which show promise include chemical agents and traditional herbal medicines.     

A dose-response study of the effects of alcohol on the perceptions of pain and discomfort due to electric shock in men at high familial-genetic risk for alcoholism

Alcoholics have previously been found to be more sensitive to painful stimulation than controls, and more sensitive to the pain-reducing effects of alcohol. The present study was designed to examine these effects in men at high familial-genetic risk for alcoholism and controls. Subjects were assigned to one of four alcohol doses [0.135 (active placebo), 0.50, 0.75, or 1.00 ml 95% USP alcohol/kg body weight]. Ratings of the amount of discomfort and pain experienced during an aversive shock procedure were taken immediately post-shock, both while subjects were sober and after they had consumed one of the four alcohol doses. High risk men were found to rate the experience of the shock as more uncomfortable and painful overall than the low risk controls. Pharmacologically significant levels of alcohol were found to reduce or eliminate these group differences, suggesting that alcohol has a normalizing effect on pain and discomfort perceptions in high risk men. Only the higher doses of alcohol were found significantly to dampen subjects' shock rating scores. High risk males' increased sensitivity to pain and discomfort, combined with the negatively reinforcing effects of reducing these perceptions at moderate to high alcohol doses, may play a role in predisposing high risk males for the development of alcoholism.     

Flow-mediated cell stress induction in adherent leukocytes is accompanied by modulation of morphology and phagocytic function

Leukocytes adherent to the surfaces of both vascular biomaterials and normal blood vessels experience blood flow induced shear stress. The goal of the reported studies was to investigate the effect of fluid flow on the morphology, phagocytic function and stress response induction in adherent immune cells. Shear approximating arterial, venous and intermediate levels were applied onto glass-adherent IC21 macrophages in a temperature-controlled parallel plate flow system. The results indicate that fluid flow induces a shear-dependent physiological stress response in adherent macrophages and that significant morphological changes accompany macrophage responses to shear stress. In addition, arterial flow conditions induce not only significant cell polarisation, but also enhanced phagocytic ingestion in glass-adherent IC21 macrophages. These findings suggest that blood flow induced shear stress may not only be consequent to adherent leukocyte activation, but may also be integral to the regulation of adherent leukocyte behaviour in vivo.     

失血性休克动静脉血pH和PCO_2差变化及意义

目的：探讨不同程度低血容量性休克患者动静脉血ｐＨ差［ｐＨ（Ａ－Ｖ）］及ＰＣＯ２差［ＰＣＯ２（Ａ－Ｖ）］的变化及临床意义。方法：观察３５例创伤失血性休克（轻度１５例、中重度２０例）ｐＨ（Ａ－Ｖ）及ＰＣＯ２（Ａ－Ｖ）以及重度休克患者治疗过程中ｐＨ（Ａ－Ｖ）及ＰＣＯ２（Ａ－Ｖ）动态变化及其预后。结果：随休克程度加重,ｐＨ（Ａ－Ｖ）进行性增大;中重度休克ＰＣＯ２（Ａ－Ｖ）显著高于轻度休克和对照患者（Ｐ＜００１）,后二者无差别（Ｐ＞００５）;重度休克治疗过程中ｐＨ（Ａ－Ｖ）及ＰＣＯ２（Ａ－Ｖ）持续增大者死亡率高。结论：低血容量性休克ｐＨ（Ａ－Ｖ）及ＰＣＯ２（Ａ－Ｖ）随休克程度加重而增大,重度休克治疗期间ｐＨ（Ａ－Ｖ）及ＰＣＯ２（Ａ－Ｖ）持续增大,提示预后不良。