Ⅳ型胶原酶门脉灌注治疗兔肝硬化有效性与安全性的观察

目的应用四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导兔肝硬化模型,观察Ⅳ型胶原酶门脉灌注对肝硬化程度及全身重要器官组织病理学的影响。方法新西兰大白兔皮下注射50%CCl4橄榄油造模后,将已形成肝硬化并门静脉插管成功的30只兔随机分为2组,组1经门静脉给药通路注入0.1%Ⅳ型胶原酶1.5 mL,组2注入等量0.9%氯化钠,5次/周,共4周。4周后,将各组动物处死,留取各器官组织,观察其病理学变化。结果造模成功后可观察到典型肝硬化病理表现,门脉灌注0.1%Ⅳ型胶原酶肝硬化动物肝脏纤维化程度明显降低,门静脉、心脏、肺、肾脏、脑组织等部位组织病理学无异常表现。结论采用门脉灌注0.1%Ⅳ型胶原酶可显著降低肝纤维化程度,在此剂量下,具有一定的全身安全性。     

丹参注射液联合尿激酶治疗脑血栓的疗效研究

目的 探讨丹参注射液联合尿激酶治疗脑血栓的临床疗效.方法 将我院收治的脑血栓患者60例随机分为观察组和对照组各30例,观察组给予丹参注射液联合尿激酶治疗,对照组给予奥扎格雷钠治疗,比较两组患者的临床疗效.结果 观察组的总有效率为100%,对照组的总有效率为73.33%,观察组疗效明显优于对照组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 丹参注射液联合尿激酶治疗脑血栓的效果显著,有利于改善患者的神经缺损程度,且安全可靠,不良反应少,值得临床推广应用.     

丹红注射液对糖尿病周围神经病变神经传导影响的临床研究

目的观察丹红注射液对糖尿病周围神经病变患者下肢神经传导速度的影响。方法将60例2型糖尿病下肢周围神经病变患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各30例。观察组给予丹红注射液和前列腺素E1联合治疗,对照组给予前列腺素E1治疗,疗程均为4周,观察并记录治疗前后患者症状体征和神经传导速度变化。结果观察组和对照组神经传导速度均得到改善,以观察组改善程度更明显,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论建立于基础治疗之上的丹红注射液联合前列腺素E1的中西医结合方案治疗糖尿病下肢周围神经病可取得满意的效果,值得临床推广和应用。     

二氧化碳灌注提高老年患者结肠镜检查舒适度的随机对照研究

背景：常规空气灌注式结肠镜检查往往会造成不同程度的腹痛、腹胀等不适,探求更好的结肠镜检查方式具有重要临床意义。目的：评价二氧化碳（CO2）灌注用于老年患者结肠镜检查的舒适度和安全性。方法：98例老年患者随机分为4组,各组基线情况基本一致,分别以空气或CO2为注气媒介,辅以或不辅以镇痛药行结肠镜检查。以直观模拟量表（VAS）评价检查中和检查后5、10、15、20min腹痛、腹胀情况。每组分别随机选取8例患者,8例于检查后10min行动脉血气分析,另8例于检查后60min拍摄腹部X线平片评价肠管扩张程度。结果：CO2组和CO2＋镇痛组各时点腹痛、腹胀VAS评分以及检查后肠管扩张程度评分分别显著低于空气组和空气＋镇痛组（P〈0．01）,CO2＋镇痛组检查中腹痛、腹胀VAS评分显著低于CO2组（P〈0．05）。四组间各项结肠镜操作参数以及动脉血pH值和PCO2差异无统计学意义,且均无严重并发症发生。结论：CO2灌注式结肠镜检查用于老年患者安全、有效,舒适度较空气灌注式结肠镜检查明显提高。     

支架释放同时推注造影剂评价支架术后即刻贴壁不良

目的:通过支架释放同时推注造影剂(Simultaneous injection contrast,SIC),判断支架贴壁情况与光学相干断层成像(optical coherence tomography,OCT),测量支架小梁与血管内膜之间距离,对比评价SIC方法,判断术后即刻支架贴壁情况的实用性。方法:入选21例原位病变的冠心病患者,行支架植入术的同时通过释放支架,同时推注造影剂(SIC)方法判断支架大体的贴壁情况,同时记录支架的型号释放压力等,之后用光学相干断层成像(OCT)精确判断支架的贴壁情况,并对OCT图像每隔1 mm的横截面的支架小梁的贴壁情况进行记录和分析,通过两者的结果对比,评价SIC方法在支架贴壁情况中的实用性。结果:21例患者中共植入支架34枚,其中2个支架节段用SIC及OCT判断均存在贴壁不良,11个支架节段SIC判断贴壁良好,而经OCT检查发现存在>1%的支架小梁贴壁不良。SIC和OCT检查均为贴壁良好的支架节段有21个。结论:SIC方法是在临床实践中一种简便实用的判断支架贴壁情况的方法,虽然其准确性难以与OCT相媲美,但作为一种简便经济的方法,值得在临床推广使用。     

Inhibitory effects of carbon dioxide insufflation on pneumoperitoneum and bowel distension after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

AIM: To evaluate the inhibitory effects of carbon dioxide (CO₂) insufflation on pneumoperitoneum and bowel distension after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG).METHODS: A total of 73 consecutive patients who were undergoing PEG were enrolled in our study. After eliminating 13 patients who fitted our exclusion criteria, 60 patients were randomly assigned to either CO₂ (30 patients) or air insufflation (30 patients) groups. PEG was performed by pull-through technique after three-point fixation of the gastric wall to the abdominal wall using a gastropexy device. Arterial blood gas analysis was performed immediately before and after the procedure. Abdominal X-ray was performed at 10 min and at 24 h after PEG to assess the extent of bowel distension. Abdominal computed tomography was performed at 24 h after the procedure to detect the presence of pneumoperitoneum. The outcomes of PEG for 7 d post-procedure were also investigated.RESULTS: Among 30 patients each for the air and the CO₂ groups, PEG could not be conducted in 2 patients of the CO₂ group, thus they were excluded. Analyses of the remaining 58 patients showed that the patients’ backgrounds were not significantly different between the two groups. The elevation values of arterial partial pressure of CO₂ in the air group and the CO₂ group were 2.67 mmHg and 3.32 mmHg, respectively (P = 0.408). The evaluation of bowel distension on abdominal X ray revealed a significant decrease of small bowel distension in the CO₂ group compared to the air group (P < 0.001) at 10 min and 24 h after PEG, whereas there was no significant difference in large bowel distension between the two groups. Pneumoperitoneum was observed only in the air group but not in the CO₂ group (P = 0.003). There were no obvious differences in the laboratory data and clinical outcomes after PEG between the two groups.CONCLUSION: There was no adverse event associated with CO₂ insufflation. CO₂ insufflation is considered to be safer and more comfortable for PEG patients because of the lower incidence of pneumoperitoneum and less distension of the small bowel.     

丹红注射液对慢性肺源性心脏病患者肝细胞生长因子与肺动脉高压的影响

目的探讨肝细胞生长因子(HGF)与慢性肺源性心脏病的关系,揭示丹红注射液抑制肺动脉高压的作用机制。方法将符合诊断标准的56例肺源性心脏病患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各28例。对照组采用常规治疗,即持续低流量吸氧、抗感染、改善通气、祛痰止咳、平喘、强心利尿、扩血管、纠正水电解质紊乱与酸碱平衡失调等综合治疗。治疗组除按对照组上述方法处理外,加用丹红注射液20 ml加入5%葡萄糖或0.9%氯化钠溶液250 ml中静脉滴注,1次/d,14 d为1个疗程。两组均于治疗前后测定肺动脉压、做血气分析、判定疗效,并采血检测血浆HGF浓度。结果与对照组相比,治疗组经加用丹红注射液治疗后,患者的临床症状好转;肺动脉高压、PaCO2降低,PaO2升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),同时血浆HGF降低。结论加用丹红治疗可以明显改善慢性肺心病患者的临床症状和血气分析指标,降低肺动脉压力,同时伴随血清HGF含量的明显降低,提示丹红治疗可能通过某些途径刺激肺心病患者肺血管内皮HGF表达升高,这可能是其降低肺动脉压,发挥抗肺心病的重要作用机制之一。     

2型糖尿病合并肺结核患者治疗方案的选择与评估

目的探讨2型糖尿病合并肺结核应用胰岛素加口服二甲双胍联合抗结核治疗的临床疗效。方法对216例2型糖尿病合并肺结核病人随机分成三组,三组患者均在有效控制血糖的基础上,规律抗结核治疗。A组单纯口服二甲双胍0.5/次,3次/d,B组单纯应用胰岛素。C组应用胰岛素加口服二甲双胍,胰岛素剂量12～60 U不等,根据FGB检测随时调整剂量。抗结核治疗方案为3HRZE(S)/9HR。结果肺结核疗效:治疗3月末、6月末及疗程结束病灶吸收率、空洞闭合率、痰菌阴转率:B组68.5%、83.6%、97.3%;C组78.1%、90%、98.6%。均高于A组41.1%、56.2%、68.5%;B、C组与A组比较均有显著差异(P<0.01)。结论应用胰岛素加口服降糖药疗效好于胰岛素组,胰岛素组好于口服降糖药组;控制血糖是治疗糖尿病合并肺结核的关键。     

Characterization of Gene Therapy Associated Uveitis Following Intravitreal Adeno-Associated Virus Injection in Mice

PurposeTo characterize the intraocular immune cell infiltrate induced by intravitreal adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy.MethodsAAV vectors carrying plasmids expressing green fluorescent protein under the control of PR2.1 were injected intravitreally into AAV naive and AAV primed C57Bl/6 mice. Clinical inflammation was assessed using optical coherence tomography. Intraocular immune cell populations were identified and quantified by flow cytometry on days 1, 7, and 29 after intravitreal injection and compared with sham and fellow eye controls.ResultsOptical coherence tomography inflammation score and total CD45+ cell number were significantly higher in AAV injected eyes compared to uninjected fellow eye and sham injected controls. Clinically apparent inflammation (vitritis on optical coherence tomography) and cellular inflammation (CD45+ cell number) was significantly increased in AAV injected eyes and peaked around day 7. Vitritis resolved by day 29, but cellular inflammation persisted through day 29. On day 1, neutrophils and activated monocytes were the dominant cell populations in all AAV injected eyes. On day 7, eyes of AAV exposed animals had significantly more dendritic cells and T cells than eyes of AAV naive animals. By day 29, CD8– T cells were the dominant CD45+ cell population in AAV injected eyes.ConclusionsIntravitreal AAV injection in mice generates clinically evident inflammation that is mild and seems to resolve spontaneously. However, the total number of intraocular CD45+ cells, particularly T cells, remain elevated. Both innate and adaptive immune cells respond to intravitreal AAV regardless of prior immune status, but the adaptive response is delayed in AAV naive eyes.