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91.
Intra-articular fractures of the proximal tibia present a wide spectrum of injury patterns with associated soft tissue injury. The last two decades have seen the techniques of management evolve from extensive open reduction and rigid internal fixation to arthroscopy-assisted minimal invasive surgery (MIS) and biologically benign internal fixation. The ultimate aim is to prevent the occurrence of late degenerative arthritis. This could be achieved in selected patients using minimal invasive surgery, which offers the advantages of better visualisation and management of intra-articular soft tissue injuries, confirmation of fracture reduction viewed from the joint surface, faster rehabilitation and fewer wound complications. 相似文献
92.
Objective:This sudy was designed to observe somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2) Mrna expression, and investigate the correlations between SSTR2 Mrna expression and steroid receptors in benign and malignant lesions of the breast. Methods: A total of 23 breast carcinomas,16 mammary hyperplasia and 9 mammary adenofibroma samples were analysed. The SSTR2 Mrna expression was examined by in situ hybridization using multiphase oligoprobes.The ER and PR were detected by immunohistochemical staining. A computerized image analysis system was utilized to estimate the relative contents of SSTR2 Mrna. Results: The positive rates of expression (87.0%) and relative contents (0.47) of SSTR2 Mrna in breast cancer were higher than those in benign breast lesions(64%,0.26) respectively( P<0.05). SSTR2 Mrna expression was closely correlated with ER and PR in breast cancer( P<0. 05), A positive correlation between SSTR2 Mrna expression and ER was also found in benign breast lesions. Conclusions: SSTR2 Mrna expressed both in benign and in malignant breast lesions, but higher in malignant than in benign ones. There was a significant positive correlation of SSTR2 Mrna expression with ER or PR. The results suggest that conbined treatment with an antiestrogen and a somatostatin analogue for ER-positive breast cancer is feasible. 相似文献
93.
R. D. Start M. S. Flynn S. S. Cross K. Rogers J. H. F. Smith 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》1991,419(6):475-477
Summary The effect of delay in fixation on the modified Bloom and Richardson grade of eight breast carcinomas was investigated. Topologically shuffled samples of each tumour were immersed in fixative at times of 0.5, 2, 4, 6, 18 and 24 h after surgical removal. The grade of each tumour was assessed at delays of 0.5 and 6 h. The tubule formation and nuclear pleomorphism components of the grade showed no change with a delay in fixation of 6 h. The number of mitotic figures declined by a mean of 53% over the same period and this resulted in a decrease in the histological grade of one of the tumours. The implications of these findings for the handling of breast specimens in a diagnostic histopathological laboratory are discussed.Some of these data were presented at the 162nd meeting of the Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland at Cambridge, 3 January 1991. Published as an abstract in J Pathol (1991) 163:154A 相似文献
94.
The authors carried out research on breast volume and body surface anatomy of 125 women. As a result, an average breast volume
for Chinese women was obtained (325.36 ± 12.66 ml), and a table with several linear equations for calculating breast volume
was derived. The authors applied these results to their clinical work and succeeded in making mammaplasty more precise in
178 patients. 相似文献
95.
One of the advantages of polyurethane foam-covered prostheses has been that in the first 5 to 10 years after their use, the
amount of capsular contraction was found much less than when similar ``slick' prostheses were used. Another advance was their
fixation to the surrounding tissue thus giving a more natural appearance and movement with the muscles when the arms were
moved in any direction. The formation of a thick capsule also acted as a protection against gel granuloma due to rupture of
the prosthesis and has been thought to be a factor in the lower capsule contraction rate. The greatest disadvantage has been
that its removal was extremely difficult and this has continued up until the technique described in this paper has been introduced. 相似文献
96.
97.
Mary Scott Soo Phyllis J. Kornguth Ruth Walsh Charlotte Elenberger Gregory S. Georgiade David Delong Charles E. Spritzer 《Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI》1997,7(4):724-730
The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and significance of the MR findings of incomplete shell collapse for detecting implant rupture in a series of surgically removed breast prostheses. MR images of 86 breast implants in 44 patients were studied retrospectively and correlated with surgical findings at explanation. MR findings included (a) complete shell collapse (linguine sign), 21 implants; (b) incomplete shell collapse (subcapsular line sign, teardrop sign, and keyhole sign), 33 implants; (c) radial folds, 31 implants; and (d) normal, 1 implant. The subcapsular line sign was seen in 26 implants, the teardrop sign was seen in 27 implants, and the keyhole sign was seen in 23 implants. At surgery, 48 implants were found to be ruptured and 38 were intact. The MR findings of ruptured implants showed signs of incomplete collapse in 52% (n = 25), linguine sign in 44% (n = 21), and radial folds in 4% (n = 2). The linguine sign perfectly predicted implant rupture, but sensitivity was low. Findings of incomplete shell collapse improved sensitivity and negative predictive values, and the subcapsular line sign produced a significant incremental increase in predictive ability. MRI signs of incomplete shell collapse were more common than the linguine sign in ruptured implants and are significant contributors to the high sensitivity and negative predictive values of MRI for evaluating implant integrity. 相似文献
98.
近红外线乳腺扫描对诊断乳腺癌,特别对早期乳癌具有高度的敏感性和诊断特异性,根据1500例证实的分析,近红外线乳腺扫描诊断率T1—T2期为95%;T1期直径<1cm及TO期乳癌诊断率为85%。 作者首先提出近红外线乳腺扫描的所见15种分型,本文叙述了近红外线乳腺检查的诊断原则及其诊断价值。 由于近红外线乳腺扫描具有高敏感性而且是无损害的简易的检查方法,我们认为应作为乳腺的常规检查及普查时的首选检查方法。 相似文献
99.
Fine-needle cytology of an eccrine spiradenoma of the breast: diagnosis made by a holistic approach.
Eccrine spiradenoma is a rather rare adnexal tumor of the skin. When the clinical presentation is that of a breast neoplasm, diagnosis can be difficult. As cytology was a new procedure for this tumor, the approach of choice appeared to be a holistic one. The cytologic picture showed bland groups of uniformly sized cuboid cells with scant cytoplasm, round to ovoid nuclei, and inconspicuous nucleoli, while in the groups rosettelike structures could be discerned. Only by integrating the data of clinical history, inspection, palpation, reaction on breast puncture, and immunologic findings could the diagnosis be made. 相似文献
100.
Dr. Seema A. Khan MD Nick J. Gonchoroff DrPH Linda E. Miller PhD 《Annals of surgical oncology》1997,4(6):462-469
Background: Many studies have addressed the effect of the timing of surgery for breast cancer relative to menstrual cycle phase, with
conflicting results. Explanations for the possibility that survival could be altered by the appropriate timing of breast cancer
surgery in humans remain speculative.
Methods: We examined the expression of three estrogen related proteins (c-erbB-2, cathepsin D, pS2) in the breast tumors from 69 premenopausal women sampled in different phases of the menstrual cycle.
Data on S-phase fraction and hormone receptor expression were also analyzed. Immunohistochemical assays were used to measure
the proteins of interest. S-phase fraction was determined by flow cytometry. Analyses were performed based on fraction of
cells staining positive for the protein, density of stain, and a histoscore that combined both fraction of positive cells
and density.
Results: We found no differences in c-erbB-2, cathepsin D, hormone receptor, or S-phase levels in tumors sampled in the follicular versus luteal phase, or perimenstrual
versus periovulatory phase. The exception was pS2, which was expressed at greater levels during the luteal than during the
follicular phase of the cycle (p<0.01); but there was no difference in pS2 expression when the patients were classified as
periovulatory versus perimenstrual.
Conclusions: Our findings do not support a variation in c-erbB-2, cathepsin D, S-phase fraction, or receptor expression as an explanation for the differences in breast cancer prognosis
when surgery is timed by menstrual cycle phase. The finding that pS2 (an indicator of hormone sensitivity, and possibly better
prognosis) is expressed at higher levels in tumor samples during the luteal phase suggests that the biologic profile of breast
tumors may vary with the menstrual cycle and that these variations deserve further study. 相似文献