Biocompatibility and paclitaxel/cisplatin dual-loading of nanotubes prepared from poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide-poly(ethylene glycol) triblock copolymers for combination cancer therapy

Nanotubes were prepared by self-assembly of the copolymer using co-solvent evaporation method. The biocompatibility of the nanotubes was assessed in comparison with spherical micelles and filomicelles prepared from poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PEG-PLGA) and poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(L-lactide) (PEG-PLA), respectively. Several aspects of biocompatibility of the aggregates were considered, including agar diffusion and MTT assay, release of cytokines, hemolysis, protein adsorption, dynamic clotting in vitro, and Zebrafish embryonic compatibility in vivo. The nanotubes present good cell compatibility and blood compatibility in vitro, and almost no toxicity towards Zebrafish embryos development in vivo. Furthermore, dual-loading of hydrophilic cisplatin and hydrophobic paclitaxel was achieved in the nanotubes with high loading content and loading efficiency. The release of both drugs was slower from dual-loaded nanotubes than from single-loaded ones, but the total amount of released drugs in higher for dual-loaded nanotubes than from single-loaded ones. Cellular uptake and inhibition tests showed that the nanotubes were successfully taken up by tumor cells and effectively inhibited cell growth. It is thus concluded that PEG-PLA-PEG nanotubes with outstanding biocompatibility could be promising for co-delivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic agents in combination cancer therapy.     

星状神经节阻滞对家兔呼吸循环功能影响的初步观察

目的 :观察星状神经节阻滞对家兔呼吸循环功能的影响。方法 :选择健康成年家兔 5只 ,麻醉后暴露右侧星状神经节 ,用 1%利多卡因 1ml作局部浸润麻醉。观察阻滞前后呼吸频率、潮气量、动脉压、心率等的变化。结果 :与阻滞前相比 ,右侧星状神经节阻滞后呼吸频率及潮气量变化不显著 ;动脉压在阻滞后略有下降 ,但与阻滞前相比无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;心率由阻滞前 141.8± 9.1次 /分下降到阻滞后 2min、5min、10min时的 12 9.8± 7.3次 /分、12 2 .4± 7.0次 /分、12 4.3± 7.4次 /分 ,且差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :右侧星状神经节阻滞对呼吸功能影响不明显 ,但对循环功能有一定的影响。     

The spouse's adjustment to chronic pain: Cognitive and emotional factors

Recent research has demonstrated that the pain behaviors displayed by patients who have chronic pain complaints can be rewarded and maintained by the solicitous and attentive responses of spouses. The present study examines cognitive and emotional factors which may underly such solicitous responding by the spouses. In this study spouses completed a questionnaire (The Spouses' Perception of Disease—SPOD) which was designed to determine their perceptions of the patients' chronic pain syndromes. Additionally spouses completed a measure of emotional and psychological functioning (SCL-90) and a measure of marital satisfaction (Locke-Wallace Scale). The results of this study show that spouse's cognitive interpretation of the patient's chronic pain syndrome is closely associated with the spouse's emotional adjustment and marital satisfaction. Optimism, perception that the patient has a positive attitude along with few psychological problems and the perception that the patient is severely disabled all are associated with more positive emotional status in spouses. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for the rehabilitation of chronic pain patients.     

治疗机托架对鼻咽癌整体挡铅位置的影响及相应的质量控制措施

目的：治疗机托架和托盘对鼻咽癌整体挡铅挡块的影响及采取的相应的控制措施进行探讨。方法：在BJ-6B型直线加速器上设置90。的机架角度和0。的准直器角度,在托架里插入有机板,有机板上设置与照射野灯光十字投影线相重合的十字定位刻线,然后变换机架角为270°。观察有机板在有、无整体挡铅时十字刻线与照射野灯光十字投影线误差的程度。结果：整体挡铅固定有机板与治疗机托架之间等机械因素存在固有的安装间隙,在机架角为270°时有机板会因重力的缘故朝这些间隙位移,从而使有机板上的整体挡铅块也随之在照射野中出现位置偏移,折算到源轴距位置处有0-5．2mm的位置误差。结论：在整体挡铅固定有机板上设置准确的十字定位线,以此作为整体挡铅在固定有机板上的浇铸和位置检验的基准,并作为整体挡铅在托架位置处与照射野十字灯光投影线对准的标记线,可以预先了解整体挡铅位置偏移情况进而采取控制措施。     

改良硬膜外阻滞结合手法正脊治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的:总结改良硬膜外阻滞结合手法正脊治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床体会。方法:应用改良硬膜外阻滞结合手法正脊治疗156例腰椎间盘突出症患者。每10天1次,3次1个疗程。结果:优82例,良44例,可18例,差12例。优良率:80.7%;总有效率:92.3%。结论:改良硬膜外阻滞结合手法正脊治疗腰椎间盘突出症简单,安全,实用,疗效明显。     

硫酸依替米星注射液致神经肌肉阻滞不良反应1例

1例56岁男性患者因急性肠炎就诊,给予硫酸依替米星氯化钠注射液100mg静脉滴注,0.5h后出现面色苍白、胸闷、抽搐等神经肌肉阻滞症状,持续十余秒。立即停药,给予地塞米松、异丙嗪治疗,未再出现异常。改用乳酸左氧氟沙星治疗,好转离院。     

玻璃酸钠关节腔注射配合封闭治疗膝骨性关节炎疗效观察

目的探讨玻璃酸钠关节腔注射配合封闭治疗效果。方法对120例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组60例采取玻璃酸钠关节腔注射配合封闭疗法;对照组60例口服非甾体抗炎药物,双氯芬酸钠缓释片,局部外涂扶他林乳胶剂。结果5周为1疗程评定。治疗组60例,治愈28,显效26例。有效5例,无效1例,治愈率46．67％总有效率98．33％。对照组60例,治愈12例,显效15例,有效13例,无效20例,治愈率20％,总有效率66．67％。结论玻璃酸钠关节腔注射,局部痛点封闭能明显改善膝关节功能,疗效优于口服药物,是治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的有效方法。     

蓝萼甲素自组装纳米胶束的制备与性质研究

摘要目的制备蓝萼甲素自组装纳米胶束,并考察其性质。方法以三嵌段聚合物聚酯 聚乙二醇（PLGA PEG PLGA）为载体,采用溶剂蒸发法制备蓝萼甲素胶束,并通过正交实验筛选最佳制备工艺;采用芘荧光探针法测定临界胶束浓度（CMC）,透析法测载药胶束包封率和载药量,Zetasizer nano ZS仪测定其粒径和Zeta电位,透射电镜观察形态,并对其体外释放进行研究。结果胶束的CMC为2.5×10－3 mg&#8226;mL－1;平均粒径（62.49±0.60）nm,电位为（－25.4±0.4） mV;平均包封率（84.85±2.00）%;平均载药量（5.36±1.00）%;体外缓释约12 h,符合Higuchi方程。结论用三嵌段聚合物PLGA PEG PLGA可制备蓝萼甲素纳米胶束,因其缓释和纳米粒度特性而具有良好的应用前景。     

紫杉醇衍生物GT对人喉癌细胞系Hep-2的临床价值分析

目的探讨紫杉醇衍生物GT对人喉癌细胞系Hep-2的临床价值。方法 GT对Hep-2细胞的增殖抑制作用应用MTT法进行测定,通过流式细胞术及细胞形态学考察GT对Hep-2细胞诱导凋亡的作用。结果在光镜下,GT作用细胞之后能观察到较为典型的细胞凋亡的形态学变化,如染色质断片化、细胞核固缩、核碎裂、染色质凝集成新月型紧贴于核膜周边、凋亡小体形成等。明显增加G2/M期的细胞比例,典型的亚二倍体"凋亡小峰"出现。结论紫杉醇衍生物GT能够明显抑制Hep-2细胞的生长,使细胞分裂阻滞于G2/M期,对肿瘤细胞凋亡有诱导作用,值得临床进一步对其进行研究开发。     

CT引导下腹腔神经丛阻滞术治疗上腹部癌痛的临床应用研究

目的研究腹腔神经丛阻滞术治疗腹部顽固性癌痛的方法及疗效。方法30例各类上腹部恶性肿瘤患者，均有顽固性上腹疼痛，在CT引导下进行膈脚前及腹膜后肿大淋巴结内乙醇阻滞治疗。结果手术成功率100％，CT显示乙醇在腹主动脉周围及淋巴结内弥散良好，术后即刻至2周，总有效率达100％，随访至半年总有效率71．4％。结论CT引导下腹腔神经丛阻滞术，定位准确，疼痛缓解率高，并发症少，值得临床推广应用。