高效液相色谱法测定复方丹参片和滴丸中丹酚酸B和丹参酮IIA的含量

目的：测定复方丹参片和复方丹参滴丸中丹酚酸B和丹参酮IIA的含量，比较两种丹参制剂的内在质量区别。方法：采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)方法测定丹酚酸B和丹参酮IIA在两种制剂中的含量。结果：复方丹参片中丹酚酸B和丹参酮IIA的含量比复方丹参滴丸中的含量高。结论：两种丹参制剂的内在质量差别很大。     

复方丹参滴丸与雷尼替丁治疗老年胃溃疡的观察

目的探讨复方丹参滴丸联合雷尼替丁治疗老年胃溃疡的疗效。方法将85例老年胃溃疡患者随机分为A和B两组,A组(联合组)44例给予复方丹参滴丸250mg,每日3次,雷尼替丁0.3g,每晚睡前服1次,疗程4周;B组(对照组)41例单纯给予雷尼替丁0.3g,每晚睡前服1次,疗程4周。1周末和4周末复诊,记录症状变化和不良反应,4周治疗结束时复查胃镜。结果联合组1周末、4周末疼痛消失率为75.0%和88.6%,对照组则分别为46.3%和65.9%(P<0.01和P<0.05);联合组溃疡愈合率、有效率为77.3%和93.2%,分别高于对照组的56.1%(P<0.05)和68.3%(P<0.01)。不良反应两组差异无显著意义,且症状轻。溃疡复发率6个月和12个月联合组均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论复方丹参滴丸联合雷尼替丁治疗老年胃溃疡取得较好疗效。     

牛珀至宝微丸对内毒素休克肾组织诱生型一氧化氮合酶表达的影响

目的　探讨牛珀至宝微丸对内毒素休克肾组织iNOS表达的作用。方法　静脉注射内毒素 (LPS) 1 5mg/kg、腹腔注射D 氨基半乳糖糖 (D Ga1N) 10 0mg/kg造成内毒素休克模型 ,用牛珀至宝微丸干预处理 ,免疫组化方法检测诱生型一氧化氮合酶 (iNOS)在肾组织内的表达。结果　牛珀至宝微丸可以使肾内iNOS表达减弱 ,肾损伤减轻。结论　牛珀至宝微丸可以减轻内毒素休克造成的肾损伤 ,这种保护作用可能是通过调节肾组织NOS表达而产生的     

护肝益肺颗粒抗吡嗪酰胺肝损害的实验

目的:观察护肝益肺颗粒对吡嗪酰胺致肝损害小鼠的保护作用.方法:分别测定肝损害组和护肝益肺颗粒组小鼠的血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、血清天门冬酸氨基转移酶(AST)、血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、肝指数以及肝细胞光镜检查,并与正常对照组比较.结果:护肝益肺颗粒能对抗吡嗪酰胺引起的血清ALT、AST、ALP增高,减轻吡嗪酰胺对肝细胞的损害.肝损害组与正常对照组、护肝益肺颗粒组比较差异均有显著性(P＜0.01).结论:护肝益肺颗粒对吡嗪酰胺致肝损害具有保护作用.     

眼眶异物气枪铅弹摘出法探讨

目的 探讨眼眶异物气枪铅弹的摘出方法及难点。方法 16例(16眼)眼眶气枪铅弹异物在X线摄片或CT扫描后，在X线透视直视下以血管钳夹住有软组织包裹的异物铅弹，再用另一血管钳同路伸入对异物铅弹外包之软组织进行分离，直接夹出铅弹。结果 16例眶内异物铅弹均成功取出。结论 在X线摄片或CT扫描后，在X线透视直视下，以两把钳分别夹持及分离可以较易摘出眶内气枪铅弹。     

Properties of microcrystalline cellulose and powder cellulose after extrusion/spheronization as studied by fourier transform Raman spectroscopy and environmental scanning electron microscopy

In this study, the effect of powder cellulose (PC) and 2 types of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC 101 and MCC 301) on pellet properties produced by an extrusion/spheronization process was investigated. The different investigated types of cellulose displayed different behavior during the extrusion/spheronization process. Pure PC was unsuitable for extrusion, because too much water was required and the added water was partly squeezed during the extrusion process. In contrast, MCC 101 and MCC 301 were extrudable at a wide range of water content, but the quality of the resulting products varied. In the extrusion/spheronization process, MCC 101 was the best substance, with easy handling and acceptable product properties. The properties of the extrudates and pellets were determined by Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectroscopy and environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). FT-Raman spectroscopy was able to distinguish between the original substances and also between the wet and dried extrudates. The particle sizes of the raw material and of the extrudates were determined by ESEM without additional preparation. For MCC, the size of the resulting particles within the extrudate or pellet was smaller. However, in the extrudates of PC, changes in particle size could not be observed.     

缓控释微丸的研究进展

微丸作为一种多单元释药系统,具有流动性好,释药稳定、可靠、均匀等特点。随着现代制备工艺的逐渐成熟及辅料的发展,微丸在缓控释制剂中的应用备受瞩目。对缓控释微丸制剂释药机制、制备方法、辅料构成等方面的研究进行综述,旨在为研究开发中药口服缓控释制剂提供思路和方法。     

A calcium regulated adenosine triphosphatase in Entamoeba histolytica

Axenically grown trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica (NIH-200 strain) contain an active ATPase (170 nmol PO₄/min per mg protein) with maximal activity at pH 8.8, a high affinity for ATP ($\text{K}{}_{\mathrm{m}}\text{? 40 μM}$) and an absolute and specific requirement for Ca²⁺. The activation by Ca²⁺ shows positive cooperativity (n_H = 2.48) at calcium concentrations below 8 μM and no cooperativity between 8 and 25 μM. The latter concentration fully saturates the enzyme. The observed activity is insensitive to oligomycin, ouabain and ruthenium red and is unaffected by a range of inhibitors of electron transport and uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation. The enzyme exhibits structure bound latency and is tightly bound to cellular membranes. It is sedimentable (>80%) by high speed centrifugation of cell homogenates which are either protected osmotically or in which subcellular structures are damaged by sonication or treatment with Triton X-100. Arrhenius plots of V in the temperature range of 0–38°C are linear without breaks, similar to other pyrophosphatases of E. histolytica. The calculated activation energy is 14.8 kcal/mol. This finding as well as the failure of phospholipase treatment to affect activity indicate that interactions with membrane lipids play no role in the catalytic function of this tightly membrane-bound ATPase.     

通塞脉微丸HPLC指纹图谱的研究

目的:通过通塞脉微丸指纹图谱的研究,建立该制剂稳定、可重复的质量控制手段。方法:以Zorbax 80A Extend-C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)为色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶剂系统,线形梯度洗脱,检测波长为276 nm,柱温30℃;采用指纹图谱相似度软件进行数据分析。结果:建立了通塞脉微丸的HPLC对照指纹图谱,标示了21个共有色谱峰,通过与单味药及相应阴性制剂的比较确认了这21个色谱峰的归属;10批样品的色谱指纹图谱的整体相似度在0.984以上。结论:通塞脉微丸HPLC指纹图谱的建立,对有效控制通塞脉微丸成品制剂的质量具有重要意义。