麝香保心丸与消心痛单次给药对缓解稳定性心绞痛的疗效比较

目的 :探讨麝香保心丸与消心痛对缓解稳定性心绞痛的临床疗效 ,并且在缓解心绞痛前后对患者血压、脉压、心率的影响。方法 :将 10 0例确诊为稳定性心绞痛的患者 ,随机、双盲分为治疗组 (5 5例 )和对照组 (45例 )。在心绞痛发作时按内科常规处理的同时分别给予麝香保心丸 8～ 10粒与消心痛 10mg～ 2 0mg舌下含服。 结果 :麝香保心丸组和消心痛组均可显著缓解心绞痛 ,两组间无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,且麝香保心丸在缓解心绞痛前后 ,患者的血压、脉压、心率无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :麝香保心丸和消心痛均可显著缓解心绞痛症状 ,但使用麝香保心丸更安全 ,副作用更小     

D-amphetamine enhances skilled reaching after ischemic cortical lesions in rats

Unilateral sensorimotor cortical (SMC) lesions in rats impair reaching and grasping movements of the contralateral forelimb. These impairments can be improved using motor rehabilitative training on a skilled reaching task, but the training may be far from sufficient to return animals to pre-lesion levels of performance. Because D-amphetamine (AMPH) has been found to promote neuroplastic responses to injury and to be very beneficial when combined with some (but not all) types of rehabilitative training, we asked in this experiment whether it could improve the efficacy of rehabilitative training in skilled reaching. Ten to 14 days after unilateral ischemic (endothelin-1 induced) lesions of the SMC, adult rats were given a 3-week regimen of AMPH (1mg/kg) coupled with daily rehabilitative training on a skilled reaching task, the single pellet retrieval task. AMPH treatment not only dramatically improved reaching performance compared with saline-injected controls, the AMPH treated rats surpassed pre-lesion levels of performance by the end of the rehabilitative training period. The greater performance in AMPH compared to saline-treated rats was still evident at 1 month, but not at 2 and 3 months, after the end of rehabilitative training. Thus, AMPH treatment can greatly enhance the efficacy of rehabilitative training on a skilled reaching task after unilateral SMC lesions, but alternate injection and training regimes may be needed to produce permanent improvements.     

复方土金颗粒既驱汞又防止微量元素丢失

目的：统计分析复方土金颗粒驱汞后尿中必需微量元素Ca^2 、Mg^2 、Zn^2 、Fe^3 和Cu^2 的变化。方法：应用冷原子吸收光谱法．测定二巯基丙磺酸钠(DMPS)组(100名病人)、复方土金颗粒组(99名病人)治疗前后尿中微量元素和汞值情况，测定复方土金颗粒组用药前后病人体内电解质情况，并均与对照组比较。观察临床症状和体征。结果：DMPS组除Cu^2 外，其余4种微量元素用药前后均有显著性差异；复方土金颗粒组5种微量元素、电解质在用药前后无显著性差异。结论：复方土金颗粒保护了人体必需微量元素，克服了DMPS组金属络合征等不良反应，可作为一线作业现场的慢性中毒的治疗用药和预防用药。     

卡托普利缓释微丸的制备

目的:研制卡托普利缓释微丸.方法:采用挤出-滚圆法制备载药丸芯,以乙基纤维素水分散体(surelease)作为包衣材料,考察包衣增重对释放度的影响.结果:所制得的缓释微丸在2、5和10 h的释放率分别为标示量的15%～35%,40%～65%和75%以上,释药行为符合零级动力学.结论:制备工艺简单易行,适合工业化生产.     

茵莲清肝颗粒保肝降酶作用的研究

目的研究茵莲清肝颗粒保肝降酶作用.方法选用D-半乳糖胺所致小鼠急性肝损伤模型、酒精性小鼠肝损伤模型、四氯化碳(CCl4)所致慢性肝损伤模型,研究茵莲清肝颗粒保肝降酶作用.结果茵莲清肝颗粒对D-半乳糖胺所致小鼠急性肝损伤、小鼠酒精性肝损伤、CCl4所致大鼠慢性肝损伤均有保护.结论茵莲清肝颗粒具有保肝降酶作用.     

Perforating ocular trauma due to shotgun pellet - Clinical profile and visual outcome

Purpose:The aim of this study was to determine visual and anatomical outcome of perforating injuries due to shotgun pellet.Methods:This was a prospective observational study carried out between July 2016 and Jan 2019 at a tertiary care referral center in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir. A total of 172 eyes with perforating injuries of 170 patients were included in the study and were followed up for 6 months with best-corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp examination for status of anterior chamber and lens, fundus examination for status of retina and media, intraocular pressure measurements, and OCT (optical coherence tomography) and FFA (fundus fluoresceine angiography) in selected cases. The relative improvement of visual acuity after treatment was interpreted by applying paired two-tailed t tests. Prognostic significance of other variables was calculated using Chi-square and Chi-square for linear trend tests, for two dependent outcome variables of good outcome and poor outcome.Results:WHO category 4 visual impairment was found in 66 (38.4%) eyes, whereas category 0 was found in 24 (14%) of eyes. Retina was found to be attached 99 (57.6%) of study eyes.Conclusion:Perforating injury is a severe form of ocular trauma with grave consequences in terms of functional and anatomical outcome.     

压缩方程评价不同孔体积微丸的压缩特性

采用Kawakita压缩方程评价不同孔体积微丸的压缩特性，为微丸压片工艺的研究提供科学依据。采用不同体积比例的乙醇/水混合液作黏合剂，以微晶纤维素 (MCC)、磷酸二氢钙 (DCP) /MCC (4∶1, w/w)、乳糖 (Lac) /MCC (4∶1) 为填充剂，挤出-滚圆工艺分别制备不同孔体积微丸。以Kawakita压缩方程评价前述微丸的压缩特性，结果表明高孔体积MCC微丸可压性最好，而3种孔体积的DCP/MCC (4∶1) 微丸和Lac/MCC (4∶1) 微丸没有显著差别，这与微丸压缩过程中发生的压缩机制有关，MCC微丸主要发生了塑性变形, 另外两类辅料制成的微丸则主要发生破碎，扫描电镜图直观说明了这一现象。研究结果提示微丸压片工艺发生的机制复杂, 选用不同辅料制备微丸的压缩特性各异，而高孔体积MCC微丸和不同孔体积的DCP/MCC微丸和Lac/MCC微丸可作为微丸压片过程中的缓冲颗粒，以保护含药微丸使之在压片过程中保持原有的形态和释放行为。

     

大承气汤颗粒剂对便秘小鼠小肠运动的影响

目的：研究大承气汤颗粒剂（Da-Cheng-Qi-Tang pellet简称DTP）对便秘小鼠小肠运动的影响。方法：采用模拟燥结失水便秘模型。观察DTP对便秘小鼠小肠碳末推进运动、碳末排出时间及湿粪计数的变化情况。结果：DTP可使便秘模型小鼠外观干瘪瘦小，竖毛、活动少、尿少深黄等症状得到改善；还可使便秘小鼠小肠碳末推进率明显加快、碳末排出时间明显缩短及湿粪计数颗粒明显增加（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）。结论：DTP可明显改善便秘小鼠各种症状和指标，为其临床应用提供理论依据。     

牛珀至宝微丸影响内毒素休克大鼠急性肺损伤胶原纤维的表达

目的　观察牛珀至宝微丸对内毒素急性肺损伤时胶原纤维表达的影响。方法　静脉注射内毒素(LPS) 1 5mg/kg、腹腔注射D -氨基半乳糖 (D -Ga1N) 10 0mg/kg造成内毒素休克模型 ,用牛珀至宝微丸作干预处理 ,VanGieson法染色检测胶原纤维在肺组织内的表达。结果　内毒素造成严重的急性肺损伤 ,肺组织胶原纤维染色显著增强 ;牛珀至宝微丸能减轻肺损伤 ,肺组织胶原纤维染色明显减弱。结论　牛珀至宝微丸能减轻内毒素急性肺损伤和纤维化 ,可能有治疗急性肺损伤纤维化的作用。     

甲苯咪唑新剂型（微丸）治疗小鼠细粒棘球蚴的效果观察

通过体外和动物实验证实甲苯咪唑（Ｍｅｂｅｎｄａｚｏｌｅ ＭＢＺ）微丸的抗细粒棘球蚴的作用。在试管内观测不同浓度甲苯咪唑微丸对原头节的致死作用,将甲苯咪唑微丸制成１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ．５００ｍｇ／ｋｇ和２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ三个不同剂量悬液对感染细粒棘球蚴６个月的小鼠经口灌胃,每日一次,连续给药２０ｄ,停药７ｄ后剖检,以棘球蚴囊重抑制率、塌囊率和组织病理改变为指标,同法将甲苯唑片剂和原粉制成悬液按相同剂量给药,