Duration of serum antibody responses following vaccination and revaccination of cattle with non-living commercial Pasteurella haemolytica vaccines

This study was designed to determine the duration of serum antibody responses to Pasteurella haemolytica whole cells (WC) and leukotoxin (LKT) in weanling beef cattle vaccinated with various non-living P. haemolytica vaccines. Serum antibodies to P. haemolytica antigens were determined periodically through day 140 by enzymelinked immunosorbent assays. At day 140, cattle were revaccinated, and antibody responses periodically determined through day 196. Three vaccines were used in two experiments (A and B), OneShot™, Presponse^® HP/tK, and Septimune^® PH-K. In general, all three vaccines between 7 and 14 days induced antibody responses to WC after vaccination. Antibodies to LKT were induced with OneShot and Presponse. Revaccination at days 28 and 140 usually stimulated anamnestic responses. Serum antibodies to the various antigens remained significantly increased for up to 84 days after vaccination or revaccination. The intensity and duration of antibody responses were variable depending on the experiment and vaccines used. Vaccination with OneShot usually stimulated the greatest responses to WC. Vaccination with OneShot or Presponse resulted in equivalent primary anti-LKT responses. In experiment B, spontaneous seroconversion was found in numerous calves on day 112. Revaccination of those cattle at day 140 resulted in markedly variable antibody responses such that several groups had no increase in antibody responses.     

Antibodies to the pesticide interaction sites of parathion hydrolase and cutinase

Monoclonal antibodies are able to provide information on the surface topography of biopolymers. Antibodies capable of inhibiting the activities of cutinase and parathion hydrolase have been identified in order to probe the sites of pesticide inhibition. Kinetic studies were employed to determine whether organophosphate pesticide binding was directly prevented by antibody binding. Prior binding of chlorfenvinphos and methyl paraoxon to cutinase inhibited subsequent binding by the monoclonal anti‐cutinase antibodies. The role of antibodies in probing enzyme structure is discussed.     

Inhibition of IgE formation in mice by glycoproteins from corn silk

The inhibitory effects of glycoproteins separated from a hot water extract of corn silk (U-CSE) on the formation of IgE antibodies after primarily and secondarily challenged responses with dinitrophenyl (DNP)-ovalbumin (OVA) antigen in mice were investigated using the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) test. When U-CSE was given intranasally or intraperitoneally the day before primary immunization, IgE antibody production was strongly inhibited. Furthermore, it was found that new formation of IgE antibodies was readily inhibited by U-CSE administration in mice with high levels of IgE after primary immunization. It was also found that U-CSE markedly suppressed IgE antibody formation in secondarily challenged responses with the antigen. U-CSE may be clinically applicable to type I allergic diseases.     

维生素 D_3对大鼠的免疫调节作用研究

观察多次注射维生素 D_3对大鼠的免疫调节作用,结果证明维生素 D_3对抗体产生有双相调节作用,并可增强单核巨噬细胞的分泌功能。连续使用大剂量维生素 D_3可使 T 细胞数量减少。     

Serum antibodies to structural proteins of Hantavirus arise at different times after infection.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the quantification of serum antibodies against group-specific epitopes of the glycoproteins (G1, G2) and nucleoprotein (NP) of the genus Hantavirus. This assay was used to study the kinetics of the development of serum antibodies after natural infection with Puumala-like virus in humans. To this end a panel of 34 serum samples collected from individuals at different times after natural infection was tested by the ELISA. The samples were also tested for specific IgM and IgG levels against Puumala-like virus, which provided confirmatory data about the presumed timing of infection. It was shown that serum antibodies against the G1 epitope were present in the acute and early convalescent period just before antibodies to the NP epitope could be demonstrated. In contrast, antibodies to two G2 epitopes were present not earlier than in the convalescent and late convalescent period. Since all these categories of antibodies seem to persist for long periods, antibodies against the G1 epitope and the NP epitope may be of specific diagnostic value. Furthermore, levels of G1-specific antibodies and antibodies to either NP or G2 may allow estimation of the time elapsed following initial infection.     

Monoclonal antibodies to fungi of significance to the quality of foods and feeds

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were raised against Penicillium aurantiogriseum var. melanoconidium. Cross‐reactivity studies were carried out against 12 ‘field’ and 27 ‘storage’ fungi. Two MAbs (MAbs 32 and 37) reacted with all of the fungi tested and a third (MAb 38) with 38 out of the 39 fungi (although weakly with some). Monoclonal antibodies 32 and 37, but not MAb 38, were found to react to a degree with ‘clean’ barley. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using MAb 38 and extracts of barley inoculated with the homologous antigen showed a clear relationship between absorbance and amount of fungal growth. It is suggested that these MAbs could be used in a broad‐spectrum assay to detect fungi of significance to the quality of foods and feeds.     

Characterization of anti-endothelial cell antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

IgG anti-endothelial antibodies (AEA), as measured by ELISA or immunoblotting technique could be detected in serum samples of 56 out of 64 patients with SLE (88%) and mainly occurred in monomeric form. AEA were not cell specific, because the binding reactivity was absorbed partially by both fibroblasts and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. No correlation was found between the presence of AEA and anti-nuclear antibodies. Immunoblotting revealed reactivity of AEA against endothelial antigens ranging in size from 15 to 200 kD. AEA titres were significantly higher in patients with joint or skin abnormalities, compared with patients without these abnormalities. A significant correlation was found between nephritis in SLE and the presence of AEA reactivity against endothelial membrane antigens of 38, 41 and 150 kD. These data show that the pattern of AEA reactivity in serum of SLE patients is heterogeneous, and suggest that AEA against a limited number of antigens may be involved in the pathogenesis of nephritis in SLE.     

3996例就诊及体检者幽门螺杆菌感染状况调查

目的:了解就诊及体检人群中幽门螺杆菌(HP)感染状况,探讨HP感染与相关疾病的关系。方法:采用金标免疫斑点法对3996人进行血清抗HP-IgG检测,还对其中2259人检测了抗HP-IgM。结果:(1)3996例中血清抗 HP-IgG总阳性率为76.0％;2259例 HP-IgM阳性率为41.2％。(2)HP-IgG、HP-IgM在性别间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。(3)年龄因素对HP-IgG和HP-IgM阳性率有显著(P<0.05)和极显著(P<0.001)影响。(4)HP感染存在家庭聚集倾向。(5)血清HP抗体阳性率升高的疾病:大于28 d小儿,消化系统疾病组较健康对照组,抗HP-IgM阳性率存在显著性差异(P<0.05);在成人中胃肠道疾病组与健康体检组抗HP-IgG阳性率相比,有极显著性差异(P<0.001);肝、胆、胰疾病、循环系统疾病组与健康体检组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:HP感染与多种胃肠道、肝胆胰及循环系统疾病有关;人群初次感染始于婴幼儿期,且受家庭因素影响。     

肾综合征出血热特异性抗体的检测与中西医结合治疗的研究

目的探索一种更为简便、快速、特异、灵敏的肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, HFRS)抗体的检测方法及更为有效的中西医结合治疗手段.方法559例HFRS患者血清同时采用免疫滴金法(colloidal gold immuno-dot assay,CGIDA)与酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)对比检测特异性免疫球蛋白M抗体(抗HFRS-IgM),间接免疫荧光法(indirect fluorescent antibody test,IFAT)对比检测特异性免疫球蛋白G抗体(抗HFRS-IgG).101例HFRS患者分组进行中西医结合治疗,治疗组50例用苦黄注射液、参麦注射液联合黄芪口服液,对照组51例用利巴韦林注射液联合甘利欣注射液,针对老年患者的临床特点,及早采用综合性防治措施.结果559例HFRS患者血清,以CGIDA法检测抗HFRS-IgM,阳性396例(70.8%);以CGIDA法检测抗HFRS-IgG,阳性489例(87.5%).治疗组与对照组用药后退热天数、主要症状和体征缓解天数相似(P＞0.05);肾功能恢复天数,对照组优于治疗组(P<0.01);在越期方面,治疗组越休克期数明显高于对照组(P<0.01). 结论CGIDA法检测HFRS特异性抗体分别与ELISA法及IFAT法对照,均有简便、快速、特异、灵敏之优点,检测抗HFRS-IgM,CGIDA法敏感性差于ELISA法,但是无假阳性;检测抗HFRS-IgG,CGIDA法的灵敏度高于IFAT法.苦黄注射液、参麦注射液联合黄芪口服液与利巴韦林注射液联合甘利欣注射液相比较,疗效无明显差别,但前者优于改善休克情况,后者强于改善肾功能.