Infantile Osteomyelitis Secondary to Malignant Osteopetrosis

Osteopetrosis (OP) is a rare congenital disorder (present at birth) in which the bones become over dense. This results from an imbalance between the formation of bone and the resorption of the bone. Thickening of the bones which become abnormally dense due to an inherited defect in bone resorption, the process in which old bone is broken down and removed so that new bone can be added to the skeleton. Osteoclasts are the cells responsible for bone resorption. In osteopetrosis the osteoclasts do not perform normally. This flaw in bone resorption results in bones that are abnormally dense, yet are fragile and easily broken. Osteopetrosis is also known as Albers–Schonberg disease, generalized congenital osteosclerosis, ivory bones, marble bones, osteosclerosis fragilis generalisata. In this article, we have described about the diagnosis and medical and surgical management of osteopetrosis reported case to our hospital.     

可注射性生物复合材料修复老年膝关节软骨损伤的应用分析

目的探讨可注射性生物复合材料修复老年膝关节软骨损伤的应用。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,选择2015年1月至2016年2月在我院诊治的老年膝关节软骨损伤24例,根据信封随机抽取法分为观察组与对照组,每组12例,两组都给予关节镜下手术治疗,对照组注射骨水泥进行修复,观察组使用纳米晶磷酸钙/胶原基骨材料进行修复,观察手术前后疼痛与膝关节功能情况。结果术后3个月,观察组和对照组的疗效优良率分别为91.7%与66.7%,观察组明显高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组和对照组疼痛评分分别为(2.11±1.54)、(3.61±1.44)分,明显低于术前的(4.94±2.61)、(4.84±2.53)分(P<0.05),且观察组的术后评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组与对照组术后Lysholm膝关节功能评分均明显高于术前(P<0.05),且观察组的术后评分明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组与对照组术后3个月的血栓栓塞、肺部感染、下肢肿胀等并发症发生率分别为16.7%、58.3%,观察组明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论可注射性生物复合材料-纳米晶磷酸钙/胶原基骨材料修复老年膝关节软骨损伤具有很好的疗效,能减少并发症的发生,其作用机制可能与有效缓解及改善膝关节功能有关。     

Calcium Sulfate with Stearic Acid as an Encouraging Carrier for Reindeer Bone Protein Extract

Various bone proteins and growth factors in specific concentrations are required for bone formation. If the body cannot produce sufficient quantities of these factors, bone trauma can be healed with an implant that includes the required factors in a carrier. This study was designed to evaluate various calcium salt candidates that can be used as carrier with reindeer bone protein extract to induce ectopic bone formation in the muscle pouch model of mouse. The bone protein extract was either impregnated into the disc form of carrier or mixed with carrier powder before implantation. The radiographic analysis indicated increased bone formation in all of the active groups containing the bone protein extract compared to the controls within 21 days follow-up. The highest bone formation was seen in the group with calcium sulfate with stearic acid where new bone and calcified cartilage were clearly visible. The greatest bone formation occurred in the groups that had bone protein extract readily available. This indicates that the bone forming factors in sufficient concentrations are required at the early stage of bone formation. The calcium sulfate with stearic acid was the most suitable and effective carrier for reindeer bone protein extract.     

71例肿瘤化疗致3~4级骨髓抑制的分析

目的：了解肿瘤科化疗致3~4级骨髓抑制不良反应的特点及相关因素，为临床合理用药提供参考。方法：选取某院2016年因化疗致3~4级骨髓抑制的住院肿瘤患者71例，分别从性别与年龄、药物种类、疾病类型、骨髓抑制类型及时间特点、化疗周期对抑制率的影响等多个因素进行回顾性分析。结果：3~4级骨髓抑制患者中男性多于女性，以41~60岁的中年人为主；药物以多西他赛、顺铂、吉西他滨为主，骨髓抑制的外周血象主要表现为白细胞及血小板下降；头颈部肿瘤所占比例最高，为67.7%；三系细胞开始下降时间和低值持续时间各不相同；白细胞及血小板最低值的发生率在化疗第4周期达到最大。结论：3~4级骨髓抑制的发生与多种因素有关，临床药师应该做好不良反应的报告和监测工作，减少反应的发生。