胎儿胆红素代谢及其与胎儿结局的关系

胆红素代谢对人体有重要作用,游离型胆红素可自由穿过脂膜和血脑屏障等,产生细胞毒性而引发新生儿核黄疸.胎儿胆红素代谢与成人不同,胎儿期肝脏尚未发育成熟,其体内只有少量胆红素可经肝脏转化为无毒的结合型胆红素,大部分是非结合型胆红素以胆红素-白蛋白复合物的形式溶于血浆中,通过胎盘上的胆红素转运载体运送至母体代谢.当胎儿体内胆...     

血清同型半胱氨酸、胆红素、尿酸水平检测在冠状动脉病变患者中的意义

目的 探讨血清同型半胱氨酸、胆红素、尿酸水平检测在冠状动脉病变患者中的意义.方法 2010年1月～2011年12月,分别检测600例冠心病(CHD)患者[其中稳定性心绞痛(SAP) 132例,不稳定心绞痛(UAP) 171例,急性非Q波心肌梗死(NQMI) 153例和急性Q波心肌梗死(QMI) 144例]和300健康对照者血清同型半胱氨酸、胆红素、尿酸水平.结果 CHD组血清同型半胱氨酸、总胆红素和尿酸水平明显高于对照组(P＜0.05).UAP组血清同型半胱氨酸、总胆红素和尿酸水平明显高于SAP组(P＜ 0.05); QMI组和NQMI组血清同型半胱氨酸、总胆红素和尿酸水平明显高于UAP组和SAP组(P＜0.05),而QMI组和NQMI组血清同型半胱氨酸、总胆红素和尿酸水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 血清同型半胱氨酸、总胆红素和尿酸水平检测对于诊断CHD,判断CHD患者的病情具有重要意义,及早改善其在血中的浓度,有助于延缓动脉粥样硬化的发展.     

Polylysine-Immobilized Chitosan Beads as Adsorbents for Bilirubin

Hyperbilirubinemia generally relates to an elevated bilirubin level in the blood and is usually an indication of a disease of the blood, liver, or biliary tract. Hemoperfusion using synthetic resins as sorbents has been one of the ways to reduce bilirubin. In this study, chitosan, a natural polysaccharide having structural characteristics similar to glycosaminoglycans and which is nontoxic and biocompatible, has been used for bilirubin binding. Several layers of poly-L-lysine have been coated covalently onto chitosan beads, using N2 plasma and carbodiimide treatments. Such surface-modified chitosan beads exhibited high binding affinities for bilirubin (1.13 +/- 0.18 mg/g beads) in aqueous phosphate buffer solutions at 4 degrees C in relation to activated charcoal (0.74 +/- 0.2 mg/g). The polylysine-coated resins have been reported to have an improved binding affinity for bilirubin over cholestyramine. It seems that the surface-immobilized polylysine has an increased bilirubin binding affinity and is highly stable. The binding capacity is proportional to the amount of polylysine bonded to the chitosan beads. The hemolytic potential of all modified beads is compatible with polystyrene control tubes. Studies were also performed against albumin as proof of specificity toward bilirubin binding. The albumin-coated beads have shown the highest blood compatibility and selectivity over the other modified beads. However, it appears that polylysine-modified chitosan may be an excellent sorbent system for hemoperfusion due to its high binding affinity, capacity, and blood compatibility. Further studies are needed to determine its behavior under clinical conditions.     

利用细菌酶提取胆红素的实验研究

胆红素具有重要的药用价值,一般皆用化学方法从动物的胆汁中提取,本实验根据胆红素在人体内的代谢过程和胆结石的成因,而改用大肠杆菌产生的β-葡萄糖醛酸酶从胆汁中提取胆红素。     

经皮测新生儿胆红素在产科的应用

目的：探讨经皮洲胆红素预测新生儿病理性黄疸的意义。方法：经皮测定140例足月新生儿胆红素及抽股静脉血测定血清胆红素，了解两的相关性。结果：经皮测胆红素的数值与血清胆红素数值之间呈高度直线关系，随着经皮测胆红素数值的增加，新生儿病理性黄疸的发生率亦相应增加。结论：动态经皮测新生儿胆红素能早期预测新生儿病理性黄疸，对防止病理性黄疸有一定的指导作用。     

国产化学氧化法(综合氧化剂)测胆红素试剂盒的质量评估

目的 评价化学氧化法（综合氧化剂）测定血清中总胆红素和直接胆红素。方法 通过测定精密性、准确性、各种干扰和与钒酸试剂法的相关试验。结果 总、直胆精密度分别为批内CV1．01％与3．24％，日间CV为1．58％与2．31％；平均回收率总胆为100．8％，直胆为104．5％，与日本钒酸氧化法共测40例相关性为：总胆Y（综）＝1．05X（钒）－2．53，r=0.9992;直胆Y（综）＝1．19X（钒）－4．56，r=0.9985。Hb浓度＜300mg/dl，脂血在Intralipos指数5以下不受干扰。结论 该法简单、快速、稳定、完全适应临床使用。     

血清胆红素水平与心血管疾病的相关性分析

目的探讨血清胆红素水平与心血管疾病的关系。方法检测96例冠心病患者及35名健康对照者血清总胆红素水平,并进行相关的统计分析。结果冠心病组血清总胆红素平均水平低于健康对照组,统计学分析有显著性差异(P<0． 05)。结论生理条件下,低浓度血清总胆红素水平与心血管疾病发病率之间呈负相关,可能是冠心病的又一独立危险因子。     

Role of duodenogastroesophageal reflux in the pathogenesis of esophageal mucosal injury and gastroesophageal reflux symptoms.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) usually suffer from acid reflux and duodenogastroesophageal reflux (DGER) simultaneously. The question of whether DGER has an important effect on the development of GERD remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of DGER in the pathogenesis of GERD and its value for the diagnosis of nonerosive reflux disease (NERD). METHODS: GERD was initially diagnosed using the reflux disease questionnaire. For further diagnosis, results of the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (excluding a diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus) were considered in conjunction with simultaneous 24 h esophageal pH and bilirubin monitoring. RESULTS: According to endoscopic findings, 95 patients (43 men, 50+/-10 years of age) were divided into two groups: the reflux esophagitis (RE) group (n=51) and the NERD group (n=44). Three DGER parameters, the percentage of time with absorbance greater than 0.14, the total number of reflux episodes and the number of bile reflux episodes lasting longer than 5 min, were evaluated in the study. For the RE group, the values of the DGER parameters (19.05%+/-23.44%, 30.56+/-34.04 and 5.90+/-6.37, respectively) were significantly higher than those of the NERD group (7.26%+/-11.08%, 15.68+/-20.92 and 2.59+/-3.57, respectively, P<0.05 for all) but no significant difference was found in acid reflux. Of NERD patients, 18.5% were diagnosed with simple DGER. The positive diagnosis rate of NERD could be significantly elevated from 65.9% to 84.1% (P<0.05), if bilirubin monitoring was employed in diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: DGER may occur independently but plays an important role in the development of RE and GERD symptoms. Simultaneous 24 h esophageal pH and bilirubin monitoring is superior to simple pH monitoring in helping identify patients at risk for NERD.     

23例妊娠急性脂肪肝临床诊疗分析

目的探讨妊娠急性脂肪肝的早期诊断和治疗方法。方法对2004年1月至2014年10月在首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院分娩的23例妊娠急性脂肪肝(acute fatty liver of pregnancy,AFLP)患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。根据胆红素分为2组:171μmol/L为重型组,≤171μmol/L为轻型组,对两组并发症例数进行统计比较。结果 23例妊娠急性脂肪肝患者均有明显消化道症状;实验室检查结果表明多数患者除胆红素升高及凝血功能障碍外,尿酸及乳酸脱氢酶存在异常升高;胆红素轻型组与胆红素重型组,发生肾功能不全,肺部感染及低蛋白血症的发病例数比较,P值分别为0.023,0.033和0.019,存在统计学意义,其他并发症P值介于0.071~1.000,无统计学意义。结论重视临床症状,结合实验室检查,尿酸及乳酸脱氢酶存在异常升高作为AFLP诊断的参考指标。一旦确诊AFLP后应积极终止妊娠,多学科综合支持治疗是抢救成功的关键。对于高胆红素的AFLP患者应尤其重视预防感染。