基于大量质粒序列研究耐药基因与重金属抗性基因共分布

目的:抗生素或重金属通过共选择机制促进携带耐药基因(ARG)和重金属抗性基因(MRG)的质粒在细菌中传播与扩散是形成耐药的重要因素,本研究通过已测序的大量质粒基因组数据分析ARGs和MRGs的共分布规律。方法:对已测序的17 387个细菌质粒基因组序列中的ARGs和MRGs进行重注释,并采用物理距离深度评估ARGs和MRGs之间的共分布关系。结果:6.7%质粒(1178个)同时携带ARGs和MRGs,携带的抗性基因数分别占ARGs总数的47.2%(7026/14882)和MRGs总数的57.5%(9856/17144);主要的ARGs为氨基糖苷、β-内酰胺和磺胺,主要的MRGs为汞、银、铜和砷;不同种类的MRG最近的ARG谱具有偏好性;与植物宿主质粒比较,来源于人类、动物和污染的环境宿主的质粒具有更高的ARG和MRG共分布频率,并且ARG和MRG之间的物理距离更短。结论:本研究结果对进一步认识通过质粒介导的ARG和MRG共转移导致耐药性而引发的健康风险具有重要意义。     

祛风宣肺汤联合西药治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘(风邪犯肺)随机平行对照研究

[目的]观察祛风宣肺汤联合西药治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘(风邪犯肺)疗效。[方法]使用随机平行对照方法,将104例门诊患者按随机数字表法随机分为两组。对照组52例沙美特罗替卡松粉吸入剂,1吸/次,2次/d;多索茶碱,400mg/次,2次/d。治疗组52例祛风宣肺汤(麻黄、蜜枇杷叶、炒紫苏子各15g,蝉蜕、前胡、荆芥、炒牛蒡子、浙贝母、五味子、桔梗各10g,甘草8g,鱼腥草30g),水煎400mL,早晚温服,兼夹风寒者,加防风、紫菀、百部;兼夹风热者,加桑叶、菊花、薄荷、连翘;兼夹风燥者,加桑叶、杏仁、沙参;西药治疗同对照组。连续治疗3周为1疗程。观测临床表现、FEV_1、FEV_1%、用力肺活量(FVC)、最大呼气流量(PEF)、中医证候积分、不良反应。连续治疗2疗程(6周),判定疗效。[结果]治疗组痊愈26例,显效16例,有效7例,无效3例,总有效率94. 23%;对照组痊愈20例,显效13例,有效9例,无效10例,总有效率80. 77%;治疗组疗效优于对照组(P 0. 05)。FEV_1、FEV_1%、FVC、PEF、中医证候积分两组均有改善(P 0. 01),治疗组改善优于对照组(P 0. 05,P 0. 01)。[结论]祛风宣肺汤联合西药治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘(风邪犯肺),疗效满意,无严重不良反应,值得推广。     

8-(N,N-二甲基-胺甲基)-黄芩苷对非白假丝酵母的抑菌作用

目的探索分析8-(N,N-二甲基-胺甲基)-黄芩苷抗非白假丝酵母的作用,拓宽其应用范围。方法将近平滑假丝酵母、克柔假丝酵母、光滑假丝酵母的标准菌株及临床菌株选为待试菌株,测定8-(N,N-二甲基-胺甲基)-黄芩苷、黄芩苷及伊曲康唑对待试菌株的抑菌圈直径。结果除伊曲康唑对部分待试菌株耐药外,3种药物对待试菌株存在一定的抗菌作用。8-(N,N-二甲基-胺甲基)-黄芩苷对近平滑假丝酵母标准菌株、近平滑假丝酵母临床菌株、克柔假丝酵母临床菌株的抑菌圈直径分别为(29.44±5.27)mm、28.00(25.00,30.00)mm、18.00(15.00,24.00)mm,大于黄芩苷;对光滑假丝酵母临床菌株的抑菌圈直径为25.00(20.00,28.00)mm,大于伊曲康唑(P<0.05)。其对光滑假丝酵母的标准菌株、临床菌株的抑菌圈直径分别为(25.56±4.64)mm、25.00(20.00,28.00)mm,小于黄芩苷;对克柔假丝酵母的标准菌株、临床菌株的抑菌圈直径分别为(18.89±3.33)mm、18.00(15.00,24.00)mm,小于伊曲康唑(P<0.05)。结论 8-(N,N-二甲基-胺甲基)-黄芩苷对近平滑假丝酵母标准菌株、近平滑假丝酵母临床菌株、克柔假丝酵母临床菌株的抗菌作用优于黄芩苷,对光滑假丝酵母临床菌株的抗菌作用优于伊曲康唑;其对光滑假丝酵母的标准菌株、临床菌株的抗菌作用弱于黄芩苷,对克柔假丝酵母的标准菌株、临床菌株的抗菌作用弱于伊曲康唑。     

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??Objective    To discuss the influence of basic periodontal therapy on the level of IL-8?? IL-10 in serum and gingival crevicular fluid in patients who have chronic periodontitis complicated by coronary heart disease. Methods     A total of 65 cases of patients with chronic periodontitis complicated by coronary heart disease were selected and divided into two groups randomly??Group A of 35 patients who received the basic periodontal therapy and cardiac medical treatment??Group B of 30 patients who received cardiological treatment only. Then??select 25 patient who had developed chronic severe periodontitis with non-systematic disease to establish group C and give them the basic periodontal therapy only. Observe the changes of the IL-8??IL-10 levels in serum and gingival crevicular fluid and the periodontal infection indexes??BI??PD??. Results    The results showed that after three months of basic periodontal therapy the periodontal clinical indices of both group A and group C became better and the IL-8 level obviously reduced??while the IL-10 level obviously increased. There was no obvious difference between group A and group B in each examination index before the therapy. After three months??we found that the periodontal infection index??SBI PD??of group A was obviously better than group B. Compared to group B??the IL-8 level of group A obviously reduced??and the IL-10 level obviously increased. The difference was statistically significant??P < 0.05??. Conclusion    The basic periodontal therapy can effectively improve periodontal conditions of the patients with chronic periodontal diseases??and reduce the risk of breaking the normal cardiovascular function.