Baicalein protects chicken embryonic cardiomyocyte against hypoxia-reoxygenation injury via mu- and delta- but not kappa-opioid receptor signaling

Baicalein, a pure compound derived from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, protected cells from lethal damage in an ischemia-reperfusion model. This study was aimed to investigate the role of opioid receptors in mediating cardioprotection by baicalein against hypoxia-reoxygenation injury. By using chick cardiomyocyte as in vitro model, baicalein was added to the perfusate during 1 h-hypoxia followed by 1 h-reoxygenation. Cell viability was assessed by propidium iodide uptake, while apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL and Hoechst 33342 staining. The expression of opioid receptors mRNA in chicken embryonic myocardium was determined by RT-PCR. Opioid receptor antagonists, protein kinase C inhibitors, and KATP channel blockers were used to determine the presumed signal transduction pathways. The results showed that baicalein (0.1 approximately 5 microM) concentration dependently reduced hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced myocardial death and apoptosis. The cardioprotective effect of baicalein (1 microM) was blocked by pretreatment of nonspecific opioid receptor antagonist (naloxone), opioid mu-receptor (beta-funaltrexamine) and delta-receptor (7-Benzylidenenaltrexone) antagonists, protein kinase C inhibitors (H7 and chelerythrine), and KATP channel blockers (glibenclamide and 5-hydroxydecanoate). Finally, RT-PCR analysis successfully demonstrated the presence of opioid receptors mRNA in chicken embryonic cardiomyocytes. We conclude that the cardioprotective effect of baicalein is mediated via mu-, delta- but not kappa-opioid receptor and their related signal transduction pathways, such as protein kinase C and the KATP channel.     

黄芩素抑制胃癌MGC-803细胞增殖和迁移

目的:探讨黄芩素(BAI)对胃癌MGC-803细胞增殖和迁移的作用及机制。方法:MGC-803细胞用不同浓度BAI处理后,采用MTT法检测细胞的存活率;平板集落形成实验检测细胞的集落形成能力;划痕愈合实验和Transwell小室迁移实验检测细胞的迁移能力;ELISA检测12-羟基二十碳四烯酸(12-HETE)的浓度;Western blot实验检测血小板型12-脂氧合酶(p12-LOX)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、p-ezrin和上皮-间充质转化(EMT)标志物蛋白的表达。结果:BAI可显著抑制MGC-803细胞的增殖、平板集落形成及迁移(P0.05或P0.01),显著下调p12-LOX代谢产物12-HETE的浓度(P0.05或P0.01),并显著下调p12-LOX、VEGF、p-ezrin、vimentin和Snail蛋白的表达水平(P0.05或P0.01),上调E-cadherin蛋白的表达水平(P0.01)。结论:BAI可有效抑制胃癌MGC-803细胞的增殖和迁移,其机制与BAI调控p12-LOX、VEGF、p-ezrin及EMT相关蛋白的表达变化有关。     

黄芩素对野百合碱诱导的肺动脉高压大鼠血管壁增厚的抑制作用

目的:观察黄芩素(baicalein)对野百合碱(monocrotaline,MCT)诱导的肺动脉高压(pulmonary artery hypertension,PAH)大鼠的治疗作用,并初步探讨其机制。方法 :28只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、MCT模型组、黄芩素低剂量组和黄芩素高剂量组。除对照组外,其余各组大鼠皮下注射MCT建立大鼠PAH模型,黄芩素低、高剂量组于MCT注射2周后分别灌胃黄芩素50和100 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1),持续14 d,对照组灌胃等量生理盐水。造模4周后,测定大鼠右心室收缩压(right ventricular systolic pressure,RVSP)、右心室肥厚指数(right ventricular hypertrophy index,RVHI)和右心室质量指数(right ventricular mass index,RVMI);Masson染色检测肺组织纤维化程度;HE染色观察肺血管病理形态学变化;Western blot测定各组肺组织α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-smooth muscle actin,α-SMA)蛋白水平及肺小动脉p38、ERK和JNK的磷酸化水平。结果:与对照组比较,MCT模型组大鼠的RVSP、RVHI和RVMI均明显升高(P0.01),肺组织纤维化明显,肺组织中α-SMA表达上调(P0.01),肺动脉壁增厚,肺小动脉p38,ERK和JNK磷酸化水平明显升高(P0.01);与MCT模型组相比,黄芩素高、低剂量组的RVSP、RVHI和RVMI明显降低(P0.01),肺组织纤维化和血管壁增厚明显改善,p38、ERK和JNK的磷酸化水平减少(P0.01)。结论:黄芩素可减轻MCT诱导的肺动脉高压,其作用通过抑制肺动脉壁增厚来实现,其分子机制可能与其抑制肺动脉的MAPK信号通路有关。     

黄芩素对人肝癌HepG2细胞生长的抑制作用

目的:研究黄芩素对人肝癌Hep G2细胞生长的抑制作用。方法:在培养Hep G2细胞的96孔板上加入药物,使黄芩素的终浓度分别为0、20、40、80、160μmol/L(即对照组与黄芩素1、2、3、4组)。采用MTT法检测细胞的存活情况,分光光度法检测含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶(Caspase)-3、8、9的活性,并检测丙二醛(MDA)含量,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性。结果:与对照组比较,培养24、48、72 h时,黄芩素2、3、4组各时间点的吸光度降低;培养24 h时,Caspase-3、8、9活性增强,MDA含量增加,SOD、GSH-Px活性减弱,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:黄芩素对Hep G2细胞生长具有抑制作用,其机制与增强Caspase-3、8、9活性,增加MDA含量,减弱SOD、GSH-Px活性有关。     

黄芩素协同万古霉素对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌早期生物被膜的研究

目的 通过建立体外耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)早期生物被膜(BF)模型,研究黄芩素对BF的影响及其联合万古霉素(VAN)的协同杀菌效果.方法 选取临床分离并且能够稳定形成BF的MRSA 17546,采用胰蛋白胨大豆肉汤添加0.5％葡萄糖为培养基,复制体外早期BF模型,实验分为空白对照组、阳性对照组[16 mg/L克拉霉素(CLR)组、4 mg/L VAN组、16 mg/L CLR+4 mg/LVAN组]、实验组(32 mg/L黄芩素组、32 mg/L黄芩素+4 mg/L VAN组).试管二倍稀释法测定药物的最低抑菌浓度,连续稀释法进行活菌计数,扫描电镜观察BF的形态结构.结果 早期BF经VAN、CLR及黄芩素作用后BF内活菌数分别为(7.95±0.19)、(8.03±0.23)、(7.95±0.18) log10 cfu/ml,与空白对照组[(7.99±0.25) log10 cfu/m1]相比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).16 mg/LCLR+4 mg/LVAN组、32mg/L黄芩素+4 mg/L VAN组活菌数为(7.71±0.25)、(7.29±0.16) log10cfu/ml,低于空白对照组(P＜0.01),且32 mg/L黄芩素+4 mg/L VAN组比16 mg/L CLR+4 mg/L VAN组活菌数进一步减少(P＜0.05).经扫描电镜观察,可见黄芩素组载体上的BF比空白对照组减少,VAN组BF内细菌数未见明显减少,而黄芩素+VAN组BF内的细菌数明显比空白对照组减少.结论 黄芩素能破坏MRSA已形成的早期BF,增强VAN对BF内MRSA的清除作用,且黄芩素破坏BF及其协同杀菌作用强于CLR.     

HPLC法测定银黄颗粒中黄芩苷、黄芩素、绿原酸和咖啡酸的含量

摘 要 目的: 建立HPLC法测定银黄颗粒中黄芩苷、黄芩素、绿原酸和咖啡酸的含量。方法: 色谱柱为ZOBRAX Extend C₁₈（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）,流动相为乙腈 1%冰醋酸溶液,梯度洗脱;流速1.0 ml·min^-1,柱温30℃,检测波长327 nm。结果:4个成分在各自浓度范围内线性关系良好（r≥0.999 5）,加样回收率为97.3%～99.1%。 结论:该法操作简便快捷,准确可靠,重复性好,可用于测定银黄颗粒中黄芩苷、黄芩素、绿原酸和咖啡酸的含量。     

黄芩素对乳腺癌细胞MCF-7和MDA-MB-231增殖的影响

目的：探讨植物雌激素结构类似物黄芩素对乳腺癌细胞MCF-7和MDA－MB-231增殖的影响。方法：MTT法测定不同剂量黄芩素作用于MCF－7和MDA—MB-231细胞株不同时间后对细胞增殖的影响;流式细胞术（FCM）检测细胞凋亡情况。结果：随黄芩素浓度增加,细胞增殖受到抑制,细胞的生存率逐渐下降;随着黄芩素作用时间的延长,细胞的生存率也逐渐下降。结论：黄芩素能抑制MCF07和MDA—MB-231细胞的增殖,诱导细胞凋亡的发生。     

Neuroprotective effect of baicalein against MPTP neurotoxicity: behavioral, biochemical and immunohistochemical profile

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) causes the damage of dopaminergic neurons as seen in Parkinson's disease (PD). Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. Baicalein, isolated from the traditional Chinese herbal medicine Huangqin (Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi), has been shown to have antioxidant effects. Here we investigated the effect of baicalein on MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in mice. Pretreatment with baicalein for a week was followed by challenge with MPTP for 4 consecutive days; the subsequent behavioral, biochemical and immunohistochemical manifestations in mice were determined and compared to those in untreated mice and mice challenged only with MPTP. The present study showed that baicalein could improve the abnormal behavior in MPTP-treated mice. The protective effect may be caused by increasing the levels of DA and 5-HT in the striatum, increasing the counts of dopaminergic neurons, inhibiting oxidative stress and the astroglia response. These results suggest that baicalein possesses potent neuroprotective activity and may be a potential anti-Parkinson's disease drug that is worthy of further study.     

基于网络药理学分析黄芩素降低血压和调控炎症的作用机制

目的：探讨黄芩素对AngⅡ诱导高血压小鼠血压及血清中炎症相关因子表达的影响,并基于网络药理学进一步分析黄芩素治疗高血压的潜在作用机制。方法：利用AngⅡ皮下埋泵灌注的方式建立高血压小鼠模型,将24只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为对照组、AngⅡ组、AngⅡ+黄芩素组。黄芩素每天灌胃剂量为5 mg/（kg·d）,对照组和AngⅡ组给予等体积生理盐水灌胃,连续干预4周。利用鼠尾无创血压仪每周监测各组小鼠血压;利用Bio-plex试剂盒检测各组小鼠血清中炎症相关因子的表达。同时,运用ETCM、TCMSP数据库筛选黄芩素的作用靶点基因;再运用Disgenet、OMIM等数据库筛选高血压疾病相关的靶点基因,取两者交集,并利用KEGG进行通路富集分析。结果：AngⅡ组第1～4周的收缩压、舒张压及平均动脉压均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）;黄芩素干预2周后,能显著抑制AngⅡ诱导高血压小鼠收缩压、舒张压及平均动脉压的升高（P<0.05）;与对照组比较,AngⅡ组小鼠血清中的白介素-6(IL-6)、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1 (MCP-1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)、白介素-1α (IL-1...     

p12-LOX抑制剂对人胃癌SGC-7901细胞的作用

目的 观察血小板型12-脂氧合酶(p12-LOX)在人胃癌SGC-7901细胞(中分化胃腺癌细胞)中的表达及黄芩素(baicalein,Bai)对其生长的作用.方法 用四氮唑蓝(MTT)染色法及流式细胞仪(FCM)检测Bai对SGC-7901细胞增殖及周期的影响;逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法检测SGC-7901细胞中p12-LOX mRNA的表达及Bai对血管内皮生长因子(VEGF) mRNA表达的影响.结果 Bai能抑制SGC -7901细胞的增殖,并呈一定的时间、浓度依赖性.FCM结果表明,随着Bai浓度的增高,G0/G1期细胞比例从(62.27±3.20)%降低到(29.36±1.37)%,而S期细胞比例从(23.18±1.39)%升高到(68.21±1.64)% .SGC-7901细胞中存在p12-LOX mRNA表达;Bai降低VEGF mRNA的表达,且呈一定的浓度依赖性.结论 Bai可抑制SGC-7901细胞增殖,影响细胞周期的分布.