脉动真空灭菌器内室气体流向监测报警装置的研制

本文针对XGI型脉动真空灭菌柜出现的蒸汽倒流故障设计出一种内室气体流向监测报警装置，对管道中的蒸汽流向和空气流向进行监测。当出现倒流现象时，报警装置发出报警信号，提醒工作人员采取措施排除故障。经在两台灭菌柜上使用，证明此方案是一种行之有效的方法。     

吸入一氧化氮对心瓣膜置换术后肺动脉高压患者血流动力学的影响

目的：观察吸入一氧化氮（ＮＯ）对心瓣膜置换术后肺动脉高压患者血流动力学的影响。方法：选择９例心瓣膜置换术后伴肺动脉高压的病人，吸入ＮＯ０．００３％，观察三个时象点：吸入ＮＯ前；开始吸入ＮＯ后１５分钟；停止吸入ＮＯ后１５分钟。结果：吸入ＮＯ能显著降低肺动脉压和肺循环阻力指数（Ｐ＜０．０１），停止吸入ＮＯ１５分钟后，肺动脉压和肺循环阻力指数恢复到原有水平。在整个观察过程中，心率、平均动脉压、中心静脉压、肺动脉楔压、体循环阻力指数和心脏指数均无显著变化（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论：吸入ＮＯ具有选择性肺血管扩张作用，是治疗心瓣膜置换术后肺动脉高压的较理想药物。     

Traumatic or septic aortic regurgitation: diagnosis by oesophageal echocardiography

Severe aortic regurgitation was discovered in a young man 21 days after blunt chest trauma and after a prolonged febrile state with positive blood cultures. Using transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE), it was possible to make the differential diagnosis between traumatic rupture and endocarditis as the cause of valvular insufficiency. The use of TEE in the initial evaluation of severe thoracic trauma with an unclear clinical picture is recommended. This method is easy to use at the bedside and gives precise information on the aortic valve and the ascending aorta.     

Extracardiac Right Atrium-to-Right Ventricle Homograft for Uncorrectable Tricuspid Valve Disease

Surgically uncorrectable tricuspid valve disease in children is rare. However, when it happens the surgical options are very limited. Tricuspid valve replacement using a mechanical valve or stented bioprosthesis is impractical. Use of homografts in the “anatomic position” has its limitations. We report here the use of an extracardiac homograft connection between the right atrium and right ventricle in a 16-month-old boy in whom severe tricuspid valve stenosis developed after surgical repair of a complex ventricular septal defect associated with dextrocardia and anomalous systemic venous drainage. The patient remains well receiving no cardiac medication 12 months after the procedure.     

超微孔膨体聚四氟乙烯人工心脏瓣膜体外流体力学的评价

目的采用新型高分子材料制备人工心脏瓣膜,并对其体外流体力学特征作出评价。方法将片状超微孔膨体聚四氟乙烯材料缝制于弹性支架上做成人工心脏瓣膜,以Baxter人工双叶机械瓣作对照,对新型瓣膜进行了静态泄漏和定常流测试。结果两种瓣膜静态泄漏率无显著差异(P>0.05),定常流下高分子瓣膜跨瓣压差更低,两组间存在显著差异(P<0.001)。结论新型高分子人工心脏瓣膜体外流体动力学性能优于Baxter机械瓣。     

The posterior urethral valve uropathy: Results of treatment

Nineteen children treated for posterior urethral obstruction due to congenital valve in the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria, over a 9-year period have been analysed. Their ages ranged from birth to 12 years. Results show that associated kidney pathology may be irreversible even after successful excision of the valve. This determines the final prognosis, which is worse the younger the child at presentation.     

老年主动脉瓣闭锁不全的彩色多普勒超声心动图研究

报告接受彩色多普勒超声心动图检查的老年患者162例，其中75例有不同程度的主要动脉瓣关闭不全（Ar)。老年（Ar)的病因构成与中，老年前期者明显不同，主动脉，瓣钙化及原因不明者的比例占多数（67％）。主动脉瓣钙化者Ar程度多较重。主动脉瓣钙化及原因不明Ar患者的其他三个瓣膜返流检出率及和程度均明显高于无Ar的老年患者。表明多瓣膜退行性病变是此类Ar患者的原因之一。     

应用国产球囊导管经皮球囊二尖瓣成形术12例报告

本文报告经皮球囊二尖瓣成形术治疗二尖瓣狭窄12例。10例术前平均左房压为18mmHg～40mmHg(26.7±7.15mmHg),术后即刻为4mmHg～18mmHg(10.6±3.86mmHg)P<0.01。跨瓣压差术前10mmHg～40mmHg(19.6±9.05mmHg),术后为0～5mmHg(2.65±2.21mmHg)P<0.01。1例失败,1例术后发生二尖瓣关闭不全急性左心衰竭死亡。     

二尖瓣环钙化与颈动脉粥样硬化关系的超声研究

目的 了解二尖瓣环钙化（MAC）与颈动脉粥样硬化之间的关系，探讨MAC能否作为颈动脉粥样硬化的独立预测因子。方法 采用高频超声对156例MAC患者（其中55例为重度MAC患者）及118例年龄、性别与之相匹配的无MAC对照者的颈动脉进行了检测。结果 ①与对照组比较，MAC组及重度MAC组患者高血压和糖尿病的患病率明显增加（P〈0．05）；②MAC组颈动脉粥样硬化斑块发生率，颈动脉狭窄≥20％、≥40％及双侧颈动脉狭窄≥40％的发生率均显著高于对照组（P〈0．01），重度MAC组上述指标的改变更为显著（P〈0．01）。此外，重度MAC组颈动脉狭窄≥60％的发生率明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）；③MAC组及重度MAc组颈动脉内-中膜厚度（IMT）显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）；④单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析结果均表明：MAC是颈动脉狭窄≥40％最有意义的预测因子（P〈0．01）。结论 MAC与颈动脉粥样硬化之间存在十分密切的关系，通过对MAC的检测，能够预测颈动脉粥样硬化的存在及其程度，在临床实际工作中，对于有二尖瓣环钙化的患者应常规进行颈动脉粥样硬化的检查。     

Primary pulmonary valve papillary fibroelastoma

Papillary fibroelastoma (PFE) is a rare and benign cardiac tumor typically found on the valvular endocardium. In most cases, PFE is identified incidentally on echocardiography or during cardiac surgery. The patient was a 73-year-old man who had been treated for hepatocellular carcinoma for 5 years. On echocardiography, a 2.5-cm diameter mass was detected in the pulmonary trunk just above the pulmonary valve. Through a transpulmonary arterial approach with cardiopulmonary bypass, the mass identified on the commissure of the right and posterior pulmonary cusp was surgically excised together with the attached endocardium. Despite the benign histology of PFE, lethal embolic events such as stroke, myocardial infarction, and pulmonary embolism are reported in some cases. To prevent such complications, tumor identification and surgical excision are essential.