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排序方式: 共有687条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
111.
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Wang K Zheng C Wu C Gao M Liu Q Yang K Ellsworth K Xu L Wu J 《Neuroscience letters》2008,441(1):66-71
alpha-Chloralose is an anesthetic characterized by its ability to maintain animals in physiological conditions though immobilized and anesthetized. In addition, alpha-chloralose induces a loss of consciousness with little influence on either pain response or cardiovascular reflexes. The pharmacological mechanisms of alpha-chloralose's actions are poorly understood. In vitro experiments have demonstrated alpha-chloralose enhances GABA(A) receptor function, which may underlie its anesthetic effect. However, how alpha-chloralose affects hippocampal synaptic function and neuronal network synchronization is unknown. In the present study, we performed electrophysiological recordings to examine the effects of alpha-chloralose on synaptic transmission, tetanic stimulation-induced gamma oscillations (30-80 Hz) and neuronal receptor function in rat hippocampal slices and dissociated hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. The results demonstrated that alpha-chloralose (30-100 microM) diminished tetanic stimulation-induced gamma oscillations without affecting single stimulation-induced field potential responses. In single, dissociated hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons, alpha-chloralose activated GABA(A) receptors at a high concentration while it potentiated GABA(A) receptor-mediated currents at low concentrations. However, alpha-chloralose did not affect glutamate-, glycine-, or ACh-induced currents. Slice-patch recordings revealed alpha-chloralose enhanced GABAergic leak current and prolonged the decay constant of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs). It is concluded that alpha-chloralose suppresses hippocampal gamma oscillations without significantly affecting basic synaptic transmission or ionotropic glutamate, choline and glycine receptor function. Enhancement of GABAergic leak current and prolongation of GABAergic sIPSCs by alpha-chloralose likely underlie its disruption of neuronal network synchronization in the hippocampus. 相似文献
113.
目的观察不使用肌松药的情况下七氟烷复合瑞芬太尼或舒芬太尼诱导行气管插管的插管效果以及对血流动力学的影响,评价其可行性。方法择期全麻手术患者50例,ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级,年龄20~60岁,体质量45~75 kg,随机分为两组(n=25):七氟烷复合瑞芬太尼组(R组)和七氟烷复合舒芬太尼组(S组)。麻醉诱导:两组均调节七氟烷挥发罐刻度致8%,氧流量6 L/min,指导患者肺活量法面罩吸入七氟烷,待患者睫毛反射消失时,R组患者静脉注射瑞芬太尼2.0μg.kg-1,S组患者静脉注射舒芬太尼0.4μg.kg-1,两组均在60 s内缓慢注射。注射完毕60 s后,关闭七氟烷挥发罐,气管插管后行机械通气。于给药前、睫毛反射消失时、气管插管前即刻以及气管插管后的即刻、1 min、3 min和5 min,分别记录MAP、HR和BIS值;记录从开始吸入七氟烷到睫毛反射消失的时间及从开始吸入七氟烷到气管插管的时间;记录呼气末七氟烷浓度;评价气管插管条件。结果所有患者均完成气管插管,气管插管成功率为100%,其中R组满意率为88%,S组满意率是96%,两组间满意率差异无统计学意义。两组在注射瑞芬太尼和舒芬太尼后MAP和HR均下降;与气管插管前即刻比较,R组气管插管后各时点MAP下降(P〈0.01),而S组MAP变化无统计学意义。两组气管插管前、后BIS值维持于40~60,各时点组间差异无统计学意义。结论七氟烷复合瑞芬太尼或舒芬太尼均能提供良好的气管插管条件,且血流动力学平稳,适用于患者无肌松药条件下气管插管。 相似文献
115.
七氟醚预处理对大鼠急性肾缺血再灌注损伤肾功能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:探讨七氟醚预处理对大鼠急性肾缺血再灌注损伤肾功能的影响。方法:将SD雄性大鼠72只随机分为假手术组(C组)、缺血再灌注组(I/R组)和七氟醚预处理组(S组),每组24只,后两组根据再灌注时间分为再灌注后4、12、24 h 3个亚组,每个亚组8只。实验结束检测血BUN、Cr,观察肾组织的病理变化,对肾小管损害进行评分,并进行比较。结果:S组和I/R组BUN、Cr均较C组明显升高(P<0.05),再灌注后同时相点比较,12h、24h S组BUN、Cr均明显低于I/R组,4h两组差异不显著;肾小管Paller氏评分,与C组相比,I/R、S组均高于C组(P<0.05),S组各时相点评分较I/R组降低(P<0.05)。结论:七氟醚预处理对大鼠急性肾缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用。 相似文献
116.
《Foot and Ankle Surgery》2022,28(7):852-857
BackgroundUse of popliteal nerve blocks (PNBs) as an alternative or adjunctive therapy to traditional methods of pain control (e.g., systemic or spinal anesthesia and opioids) is increasingly popular in foot and ankle surgery.MethodsWe reviewed online databases for literature on PNBs in foot and ankle surgery to analyze the various techniques and positioning used, the influence of drugs on their efficacy, and possible complications associated with their use. Thirty articles were identified with a predefined search criteria, followed by a review process for relevance.ResultsPatient demographics, procedure specifics, and block techniques, such as anesthetic used, can impact the duration and success of a PNB. Administration with ultrasound guidance proved superior to nerve stimulation, and preoperative administration was superior to postoperative administration.ConclusionsPNBs are an effective method to control postoperative pain with minimal complications, leading to decreased analgesic use, earlier discharge, and higher patient satisfaction.Level of evidenceLevel III, retrospective comparative study 相似文献
117.
118.
紫绀型与非紫绀型先天性心脏病患儿吸入麻醉药血/气分配系数 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:测定并比较紫绀型与非紫绀型先天性心脏病患儿吸入麻醉药/气分配系数(B/G),判断红细胞压积对B/G影响。方法:紫绀型与非紫绀型先天性心脏病患儿各10例,平均年龄5岁,采桡动脉血10ml,用两次平衡法测定地氟醚,异氟醺客氟烷的B/G,并测定血浆总胆固醇、甘油三脂,白蛋白、球蛋白浓度和Hct,t检验比较两组间血液成分和吸入麻醉药B/G有无差别。结果:紫绀型与非紫绀型先天性心脏病患儿Hct有显著差 相似文献
119.
Intrathecal co-administration of NMDA antagonist and NK-1 antagonist reduces MAC of isoflurane in rats 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
K. Ishizaki M. Sasaki S. Karasawa H. Obata T. Nara F. Goto 《Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica》1999,43(7):753-759
BACKGROUND: Intravenous administration of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonists reportedly reduce the minimum alveolar anaesthetic concentration (MAC) for inhalation anaesthetics. If pain perception can be prevented by the intrathecal administration of antinociceptive receptor antagonists, these agents may reduce the requirements for inhalation anaesthetics. We studied the effect of intrathecal administration of an AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist, a metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor antagonist and co-administration of NMDA and a neurokinin-1(NK-1) receptor antagonist drugs at low doses on the MAC. METHODS: After Wistar rats (n=36) were fitted with indwelling intrathecal catheters, the MAC of isoflurane was determined following intrathecal administration of a non-NMDA receptor antagonist (CNQX) at 10 microg, a mGlu receptor antagonist (AP3) at 10 microg, or a combination of NMDA receptor antagonist (APV) at 0.01 microg to 1 microg with NK-1 receptor antagonist (CP96345, CP) at 0.1 microg to 10 microg. Subsequently, a reversal dose of intrathecal NMDA with substance P (SP) was administered, and the MAC of isoflurane was redetermined. Conscious rats (n=15) were also examined for the presence of locomotor dysfunction following the intrathecal co-administration of APV and CP. RESULTS: Neither CNQX nor AP3 reduced the MAC of isoflurane. APV at 0.01 microg plus CP at 1 microg, as well as APV at 0.1 microg plus CP at 10 microg, reduced the MAC of isoflurane, with respective reductions of 7.6% and 14%; (P<0.05). Co-administration of NMDA plus SP reversed the decrease in the MAC of isoflurane. Locomotive activity was not changed. CONCLUSIONS: The NMDA receptor and the NK-1 receptor are important determinants of the MAC of isoflurane, exerting this influence by inhibition of pain transmission in the spinal cord, while mGlu and AMPA receptors have no effect on the MAC of isoflurane. 相似文献
120.