Single-dose oral omeprazole for reduction of gastric residual acidity in adults for outpatient surgery

Omeprazole is a substituted benzimidazole that causes dose-dependent intracellular inhibition of gastric acid secretion in humans. This double-blind study examined the effect of omeprazole in decreasing gastric acidity and gastric residual volume in outpatient adults. Unpremedicated outpatients, ASA I-III, 18 years or older (n = 17), were randomly assigned to receive omeprazole 80 mg, or placebo by mouth the night before scheduled elective outpatient surgery. The patients were fasted for 8 h prior to surgery. After the patient was anesthetized, an orogastric tube was inserted with proper placement verified by auscultation for gastric sounds. Gastric residual contents were withdrawn into a Luken's trap, and pH was then determined and gastric volume indexed to weight (ml.kg-1). Data were analyzed by a t-test, with P less than 0.05 considered statistically significant. Patient characteristics of both groups were similar. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups for pH (P = 0.02), but not between the two groups for gastric volume indexed to weight (P = 0.07).     

高龄低肺功能肺癌患者手术治疗的麻醉处理

目的 总结高龄低肺功能肺癌患者的术前肺功能、手术和麻醉方式、术中和术后并发症以及术后呼吸机的应用。方法 回顾性分析和总结了112例70岁以上低肺功能肺癌患者的麻醉处理经验，并重点观察了19例重度呼吸功能障碍及全肺切除的病人术后经呼吸机辅助通气的预后。结果 全部病例安全渡过手术麻醉难关，无住院死亡。结论 由于手术和麻醉技术的提高，术后呼吸机的应用，对高龄低肺功能肺癌患者可相对扩大手术适应证，得到手术治疗的机会。     

Cardiovascular collapse during anesthesia in a patient with preoperatively discontinued chronic MAO inhibitor therapy

We describe a patient in whom long-term monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor therapy was discontinued 20 days before surgery with general anesthesia. This patient developed severe perioperative hypotension after administration of 10 mg of bupivacaine through an epidural catheter, which was corrected only after potent vasopressor therapy. We attribute this hemodynamic instability to attenuation of this patient's sympathetic tone based on several mechanisms: (1) residual effect of long-term administration of MAO inhibitor that caused a decrease in the number of β-adrenergic receptors (adrenergic subsensitivity due to receptor down-regulation), (2) recovered MAO activity causing effective degradation of sympathetic amines, and (3) combined attenuating effects of general and epidural anesthesia on sympathetic tone.     

化学品环境管理与水生实验动物

从分析化学品的特性入手，在概述化学品的环境管理对水生实验生物需求和国内外水生实验生物发展现状的基础上，从加强化学品环境管理的科学基础建设出发，对我国水生实验生物的研究与发展的标准化、产业化、必要的资质认可及信息交流提出建议。     

Unusual Delayed Manifestation of a Penetrating Chest Trauma

Abstract Pericardial tamponade remains a diagnostic challenge to the clinician especially when the patient is well compensated hemodynamically. We report an unusual case who sought medical help 1 month after having been stabbed in his chest. An investigation revealed a perforation of the myocardium and a pericardial tamponade. The patient survived thanks to a large organized clot that plugged the perforation. The patient was exposed to increased risk due to delayed onset, recognition, and therapy of the tamponade. Most reports on this subject deal with acute pericardial tamponade. Only few cases of delayed pericardial tamponade have been reported. A review of the relevant literature and the therapeutic approaches are discussed.     

Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty in Spinal Trauma

Abstract Kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty have become recognized procedures for the treatment of vertebral fractures, especially in patients with osteoporosis. In most cases of osteoporotic spinal vertebral fracture in elderly patients, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement is used to fill the defect and stabilize the vertebral body. The techniques of vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty differ in the possibility of realignment and reconstruction of the vertebral body and spinal column. Long-term results in terms of integration of the cement and bioreactivity of the vertebral body are still lacking; so, these procedures are still no options in the treatment of younger patients. Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty show different success in the management of fresh traumatic spine fractures. The acute traumatic vertebral fracture has to be classified sensitively, to find the right indication for cement augmentation. Mild acute compression fractures can be treated by vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty, severe compression and burst fractures by combination of internal fixation and kyphoplasty. The indications for use of biological or osteoinductive cement in spinal fracture management must still be regarded as restricted owing to the lack of basic biomechanical research data. Such cement should not be used except in clinical studies.     

医院洁净手术室智能监控系统的设计与实现

随着信息技术和自动化技术的发展,实现手术室的智能监控有助于提高工作效率和确保手术安全进行.本文简要介绍了"医院洁净手术室智能监控系统"的设计理念及其相关功能,给出了系统的硬件配置和软件实现.     

医疗设备维护管理信息系统的开发与研究

本文基于C Builder和SQLServer开发平台,介绍了设备维护管理信息系统的开发设计,实施及应用拓展,为医院对医疗设备的维护管理及科学决策作出积极探索。     

肛门病手术应用低浓度小剂量利多卡因局麻的效果

目的观察低浓度小剂量利多卡因在肛门病手术中的应用效果。方法选择接受肛门病手术者100例,手术时用0．25％盐酸利多卡因5-20ml,根据病情和手术需要作局部浸润麻醉。结果通过100例的肛门手术观察,结果显示麻醉满意顺利83例,麻醉良好17例,无1例麻醉无效失败。总有效率100％。此法麻醉效果确切,未发现严重不良反应。结论此法具有易于掌握,效果好而安全的优越性,适于临床应用和推广。