A Rapid Pulse After Coronary Bypass Surgery

Abstract

A secondary aortoenteric fistula is a complication of earlier aortic grafting due to an aortic abdominal aneurysm. A primary aortoduodenal fistula (ADF) is a rare clinical entity that usually causes gastrointestinal bleeding that can be occult, intermittent, or massive. This article presents the case of a 68-year-old man with acute onset of a massive hematemesis and hematochezia. Eight years earlier he had undergone the implantation of an aortobifemoral prosthesis to treat an aortic aneurysm. The patient's condition was unstable, and it was during emergency surgery that the diagnosis of an ADF was made. An infected graft was removed in its entirety, and a new prosthesis was implanted. An omentoplasty with a pedunculated flap was performed. After 8 months, the patient had a recurrent ADF. He underwent another operation, but hemorrhaging from the aortic anastomosis occurred, so he required emergency surgery. Eventration occurred on the 14th postoperative day. The resection of the transversal colon was performed with a cecostomy for the decompression of the end-to-end anastomosis. Three months later the patient suffered a recurrent ADF. An aortobifemoral stent graft was implanted. Periaortal flow-drainage was established for the irrigation of the retroperitoneal space. A microjejunostomy tube was also inserted. The patient recovered without any complications. This case represents an example of a rare serious complication of aortic abdominal aneurysm. This case report covers pathophysiology, diagnostic evaluation, and management of an aortoenteric fistula.     

外科手术与介入治疗冠状动脉瘘疗效比较

目的 探讨外科手术与介入两种方法治疗冠状动脉瘘的疗效.方法 回顾性分析25例冠状动脉瘘患者的临床资料,外科手术治疗7例,介入治疗18例.结果 7例外科手术治疗患者中6例术后复查心脏彩超无残余分流,1例术中发现冠状动脉瘤,冠状动脉与右心室间有多发瘘口,切开冠状动脉瘤,自冠状动脉瘤体内修补瘘口,术后复查心脏彩超有残余分流.18例介入治疗患者中12例术后高选择性冠状动脉造影及心脏彩超检查无残余分流,2例有残余分流,4例因冠状动脉迂曲致建立轨道困难,未能行介入治疗.结论 冠状动脉瘘外科手术与介入治疗均安全、有效,应依据具体情况决定使用不同方法.     

Botulinum Toxin A for Oral Cavity Cancer Patients: In Microsurgical Patients BTX Injections in Major Salivary Glands Temporarily Reduce Salivary Production and the Risk of Local Complications Related to Saliva Stagnation

In patients suffering from oral cavity cancer surgical treatment is complex because it is necessary to remove carcinoma and lymph node metastasis (through a radical unilateral or bilateral neck dissection) and to reconstruct the affected area by means of free flaps. The saliva stagnation in the post-operative period is a risk factor with regard to local complications. Minor complications related to saliva stagnation (such as tissue maceration and wound dehiscence) could become major complications compromising the surgery or the reconstructive outcome. In fact the formation of oro-cutaneous fistula may cause infection, failure of the free flap, or the patient’s death with carotid blow-out syndrome. Botulinum injections in the major salivary glands, four days before surgery, temporarily reduces salivation during the healing stage and thus could reduce the incidence of saliva-related complications. Forty three patients with oral cancer were treated with botulinum toxin A. The saliva quantitative measurement and the sialoscintigraphy were performed before and after infiltrations of botulinum toxin in the major salivary glands. In all cases there was a considerable, but temporary, reduction of salivary secretion. A lower rate of local complications was observed in the post-operative period. The salivary production returned to normal within two months, with minimal side effects and discomfort for the patients. The temporary inhibition of salivary secretion in the post-operative period could enable a reduction in saliva-related local complications, in the incidence of oro-cutaneous fistulas, and improve the outcome of the surgery as well as the quality of residual life in these patients.     

淋巴结瘘型气管支气管结核的临床分析

目的探讨淋巴结瘘型气管支气管结核(TBTB,Ⅵ型)好发人群、临床症状、影像学表现、纤支镜下表现及转归。方法分析65例TBTB(Ⅵ型)患者,总结临床症状、影像学表现、纤支镜下的表现及转归。结果 (1)好发于年轻人(20~35岁)(75.3%)。(2)入院前平均病程4月,主要症状为咳嗽、咳痰、发热、胸痛等。(3)影像学表现:肺膨胀不全,肺门影增大,气道软组织影等。(4)好发部位:左上支气管、隆突及双侧主支气管、左下支气管、右上支气管、中叶支气管。结论 (1)TBTB(Ⅵ型)症状、影像学特征不典型。(2)患者需随访纤支镜及胸部CT至气道及纵隔内病变完全吸收后方可停药,以免复发。     

胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的危险因素及护理对策

目的研究胰十二指肠切除术后出现胰瘘的危险因素及护理对策。方法回顾分析本院普外科收治的70例接受胰十二指肠切除术患者的临床资料,观察胰瘘情况及其治疗情况,并分析其发生原因并制定相应护理对策。结果胰腺质地、糖尿病、高血压均为导致胰瘘的独立危险因素。遵医嘱对本组出现胰瘘患者进行抗生素用药处理,采用抑制胰液分泌的药物控制病情发展,患者在用药1周后引流液逐渐变少,2周后患者均康复出院,患者生存质量评分各项指标较好。结论临床针对胰瘘患者术后制定相应护理干预措施并做好并发症预防工作,并积极分析胰瘘危险因素,患者治疗效果较好且生存质量评分较高。