Duodenal complications in necrotizing pancreatitis: Challenges of an overlooked complication

BackgroundDuodenal complications of necrotizing pancreatitis (NP) are challenging and understudied. We sought to characterize the demographics and clinical course of NP patients with duodenal complications.MethodsSingle institution retrospective review of 687 NP patients treated from 2005 to 2018.ResultsDuodenal complications developed in 40 (6%) patients including fistula in 11 (2%) and stricture in 29 (4%) patients. Patients with duodenal complications had increased computed tomography severity index (CTSI), degree of glandular necrosis, organ failure, infected necrosis, and disease duration. Mortality from NP was increased in patients with duodenal fistula (36%) compared to patients with duodenal stricture (7%) and patients without duodenal complications (9%). Surgical management of duodenal complications was required in 9/11 (82%) patients with fistula and 17/29 (59%) patients with stricture.ConclusionsDuodenal complications occurred in 6% of necrotizing pancreatitis patients. Sixty five percent of patients with duodenal complications required surgical correction. Duodenal fistula was associated with increased mortality.     

Duodenopancreatectomía cefálica y tutorización externa del conducto de Wirsung. Resultados de una serie de 80 casos consecutivos

IntroductionThere is controversy regarding the ideal pancreaticojejunostomy technique after pancreaticoduodenectomy. Many authors consider the external Wirsung stenting technique to be associated with a low incidence of fistula, morbidity and mortality. We analyse our experience with this technique.Patients and methodsA retrospective analysis of the morbidity and mortality of a series of 80 consecutive patients who had been treated surgically over a 6.5-year period for pancreatic head or periampullary tumors, performing pancreaticoduodenectomy and pancreaticojejunostomy with external Wirsung duct stenting.ResultsMean patient age was 68.3 ± 9 years, and the resectability rate was 78%. The texture of the pancreas was soft in 51.2% of patients and hard in 48.8%. Pylorus-preserving resection was performed in 43.8%. Adenocarcinoma was the most frequent tumor (68.8%), and R0 was confirmed in 70% of patients. Biochemical fistula was observed in 11.2%, pancreatic fistula grade B in 12.5% and C in 2.5%, whereas the abdominal reoperation rate was 10%. Median postoperative hospital stay was 16 days, and postoperative and 90-day mortality was 2.5%. Delayed gastric emptying was observed in 36.3% of patients, de novo diabetes in 12.5%, and exocrine insufficiency in 3. Patient survival rates after 1, 3 and 5 years were 80.2, 53.6 and 19.2%, respectively.ConclusionsAlthough our low rates of postoperative complications and mortality using external Wirsung duct stenting coincides with other more numerous recent series, it is necessary to perform a comparative analysis with other techniques, including more cases, to choose the best reconstruction technique after pancreaticoduodenectomy.     

急诊内镜诊疗在结直肠癌根治术后吻合口出血中的应用

目的探讨结直肠癌根治术后吻合口出血病人使用急诊内镜检查及止血的安全性和有效性。方法回顾性分析华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院2014年1月至2019年11月结直肠癌根治术后吻合口出血行急诊内镜检查以及内镜下治疗的28例病人资料。结果28例病人包括直肠癌术后15例、左半结肠癌术后3例及右半结肠癌术后10例。上述病例均完成急诊内镜检查并接受内镜下止血治疗。仅1例直肠癌术后吻合口出血病人因合并吻合口漏经内镜下止血效果不佳,最终接受外科手术治疗;其余27例吻合口出血病人均经过内镜止血成功。所有病例住院期间无再发出血,内镜诊疗并未导致术后吻合口漏及穿孔。结论结直肠癌根治术后吻合口出血急诊内镜检查及止血的方案,不增加吻合口出血、穿孔及漏等风险。术后急诊内镜下止血是安全有效的治疗手段,能明显提高止血成功率,降低再手术率。在病人出血后8 h内行急诊内镜是非常关键的诊治措施。     

腹腔镜胰腺外科手术缝合技术与缝合材料选择中国专家共识（2021版）

正胰十二指肠切除术(pancreaticoduodenectomy,PD)及胰体尾切除术(distal pancreatectomy, DP)作为治疗壶腹周围及胰体尾肿瘤的经典术式,具有手术难度大、技术要求高及术后并发症多等特点,是腹部外科极具代表性及挑战性的术式之一。随着手术理念、技术及缝合材料的更新、进步与优化,PD术后围手术期死亡率已降至3%以下,但术后并发症特别是胰瘘的发生率仍高达10%～30%。     

Intrathoracic gastric fistula after bariatric surgery: a systematic review and pooled analysis

Even in the hands of highly experienced bariatric surgeons, perioperative complications are inevitable. Of these, leaks and fistulas are amongst the scariest complications. Intrathoracic gastric fistulas (ITGF) can be associated with serious morbidity, mostly when cases are misdiagnosed or detected with delay. This is a systematic review of the literature to investigate the clinical and surgical outcomes of morbidly obese adult patients with a confirmed diagnosis of ITGF following bariatric surgery. A pooled analysis of 25 articles, encompassing 76 patients with post-bariatric ITGF, showed that the clinical outcome depends on the initial presentation, timing of the diagnosis in relation to symptom onset, and prompt and effective treatment. Any septic or unstable patient must undergo urgent surgical intervention, while stable patients might tolerate a step-up approach and watchful waiting for nonsurgical treatment. Among those who undergo surgery, treatment failure and the mortality rate are substantially high. Contingent upon a prompt management strategy, patients with postbariatric ITGF can generally have a favorable outcome in the long term.     

CZES型食管支架硬式改软式的临床意义

目的：改进Z型被膜食管支架的结构，使之具有更好的顺应性，稳定性和耐受性。方法：将被膜Z型食管支架的上下钢丝节段之间的交错连接（硬式支架）改为间隙连接（软式支架），并植入治疗43例食管狭窄或食管瘘患者，观察疗效和并发症，并与46例植入硬式支架者比较。结果：两组均取得显著疗效。软式支架组胸痛，呕吐等症状显著减轻，持续时间缩短，未发生支架移位，穿孔等重大并发症。结论：软式食管支架在顺应性，稳定性和耐受性等方面明显优于硬式支架。