碘代谢检测指标评估甲状腺疾病手术治疗患者碘营养状况的价值

目的探讨碘代谢检测指标在甲状腺疾病手术治疗患者碘营养状况评估中的应用价值。方法收集31名健康志愿者和30例甲状腺疾病手术患者术前、术后血清、晨尿和24 h尿标本,应用电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测样本中的碘浓度,比较健康者和患者术前、术后血清碘、晨尿碘、晨尿碘/晨尿肌酐、24 h尿碘和24 h尿碘排泄量的差异,并分析健康者碘代谢检测指标的测定值对世界卫生组织、美国梅奥医学中心和奎斯特诊断公司提供的参考范围的验证率。结果甲状腺疾病术前组的晨尿碘/晨尿肌酐比值显著低于健康对照组(P<0.05),两组其他指标的差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);患者经手术治疗后血清碘、晨尿碘和24 h尿碘水平均显著高于术前水平(P<0.05);健康对照组各项碘代谢指标的中位数均在3个实验室提供的参考范围内,但仅有血清碘、晨尿碘及41~70岁人群的晨尿碘/晨尿肌酐比值与美国梅奥医学中心提供的参考范围的验证率大于90%;晨尿碘/晨尿肌酐比值的受试者工作特征曲线下面积最大,为0.737。结论晨尿碘/晨尿肌酐比值可能用于甲状腺疾病手术治疗患者碘营养状况的评估。     

血尿冲剂治疗慢性肾小球源性血尿

目的 观察血尿冲剂治疗肾小球源性血尿(肾性血尿)的疗效.方法 对40例确诊为肾性血尿的患者采用血尿冲剂(穿山甲粉、琥珀粉、花蕊石粉等)治疗,8周为1个疗程,比较治疗前后尿常规指标变化和尿常规各项指标的动态变化.结果 治疗1个疗程后,临床控制27例(67.5％),显效6例(15％),有效5例(12.5％),无效2例(5％),总有效率95％,对蛋白尿有一定的改善.结论 血尿冲剂治疗肾性血尿,能活血通络,化瘀止血,使瘀血祛,经络通,出血止,血尿愈,对尿蛋白亦有一定的改善.     

The effect of pH and nucleophiles on complement activation by human proximal tubular epithelial cells.

BACKGROUND: Activation of urinary complement proteins in situ by proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTEC) may contribute to the mediation of tubulointerstitial injury in patients with significant proteinuria. However, the mechanism involved is unclear, and the role of changes in urinary pH and in the concentrations of urea or ammonia requires further clarification. METHODS: The protein fraction of urine samples from nine patients with proteinuria >1.5 g/day was purified. A cell ELISA involving cultured HK-2 PTEC was used to investigate the capacity of urinary protein to promote the deposition of both C3 and C9 on the cell surface. The effect of variations in pH (5.5-8.0) and in the concentration of urea and ammonia was also examined. C3 was purified and used to further investigate the mechanism of complement deposition. RESULTS: Urine samples from the majority of patients induced deposition of C3 and C9 on the surface of HK-2 cells via the alternative pathway. This process was maximal at acidic pH values. Preincubation of urinary complement or serum with urea or ammonia inhibited C3 deposition. Purified C3 incubated with HK-2 cells showed no evidence of activation in the absence of other complement components. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that bicarbonate protects against complement-mediated damage in the lumen by increasing the local pH, rather than by inhibiting the generation of ammonia. PTEC appear to activate complement through provision of a 'protected site' on their surface, rather than by the activation of C3 by convertase-like protease(s).     

Diffuse Parenchymal Urine Leak After Kidney Transplantation Following Degloving Injury During Donor Nephrectomy

Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy can result in trauma to the kidney which may affect recipient graft function. In this case, the kidney sustained a complete degloving of the capsule during extraction. The kidney was transplanted and had immediate, good renal function, but postoperative course was complicated by a large urinoma that drained through the wound. Exploration was negative for a defined urine leak, but the surface of the denuded kidney was leaking a significant amount of unconcentrated urine. The patient was successfully treated with tissue glue treatment to the kidney surface and peritoneal window.     

Sperm motility and DNA integrity affected by different g‐forces in the preparation of sperm in urine specimens

Retrograde ejaculation, a common type of anejaculation, is attributable to many causes, some of which can be treated with medication and some of which cannot. For infertility treatment, sperm must be collected from the urine of the patients. Our study attempts to ascertain the effects of different g‐forces on sperm motility, morphology and DNA integrity in sperm preparation by the Sil‐Select? density gradient method of isolating sperm from urine specimens. Forty‐seven semen samples with normal semen analyses according to World Health Organisation (WHO) 1999 criteria were included in this study. Semen samples of 1 ml were mixed with 20 ml alkalinised normal urine and then divided equally into tubes A and B. The two samples were prepared by the Sil‐Select? density gradient centrifugation method at 350 g (tube A) and at 700 g (tube B). Total motile sperm after centrifugation at 700 g was significantly higher than after centrifugation at 350 g [6.7 (0.4–23.0) million versus 3.1 (0.1–13.7) million] (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the either the percentage of sperm with normal morphology or with DNA damage between centrifugation at 350 g and 700 g (P > 0.05), although centrifugation at 700 g achieves a higher number of total motile sperm compared with Sil‐Select? sperm preparation at 350 g centrifugation.