溶盐站的优化设计

从提高溶盐速率,保护溶盐水泵,减少溶盐池的容积及溶盐站的占地面积等方面对传统溶盐站设计工艺进行改进,改进后的溶盐站不仅投资少、维护费用低,而且适用、美观。     

Transwell侵袭小室技术的改良及其在人骨髓间充质干细胞诱导分化中的应用

目的：分离、培养和鉴定人骨髓间充质干细胞（Mesenchymal stem cells，MSCs），应用改良的Transwell侵袭小室技术，探讨血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）及内皮细胞条件诱导液对其体外诱导分化中的作用。方法：采用Percoll（1．073g／ml）分离液分离骨髓单个核细胞，体外培养MSCs，流式细胞术分析鉴定MSCs的纯度，Transwell侵袭小室技术结合LSCM，实时监测MSCs在Matrigel与VEGF／内皮细胞条件诱导液构成的内皮细胞生长微环境中的运动迁移情况。结果：经Percoll分离、体外培养扩增的MSCs，细胞纯度可达95％左右；VEGF组迁移的深度虽高于对照组（P〈0．05），但迁移至聚碳酸脂膜下的细胞与对照组相比，并无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。内皮细胞条件诱导液促进MSCs的迁移，在Matrigel内迁移的深度及迁移至聚碳酸脂膜下的细胞均明显多于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论：共聚焦激光扫描显微术与Transwell侵袭小室技术的结合，能够从时间和空间上对后者进行观察，使该实验得到改良；利用内皮细胞条件诱导液与Matrigel模拟体外内皮细胞生长的微环境，并从空间上观测了MSCs穿越人工基底膜的情况，为MSCs向内皮细胞体外诱导开辟了新的思路。     

聚乙二醇在聚砜膜上的接枝与表征

对用紫外辐照法在聚砜膜表面接枝的聚乙二醇作了初步的研究。通过静态水接触角测定、X射线-光电子能谱分析以及原子力学显微镜等测试手段，对接枝前后聚砜膜表面的性能进行了测定，证明采用同步接枝法和二步接枝法在聚砜材料表面接上了聚乙二醇，表面亲水性大大提高，两种接枝方法的接枝覆盖率分别为77．3％和41．9％，表面形貌、相位图等参数较接枝前变化明显，说明用同步法在聚砜膜表面产生了分枝的聚乙二醇层，而二步法在聚砜膜表面产生了薄煎饼状的聚乙二醇层。这一研究为下一步拟在聚砜中空纤维膜表面接上聚乙二醇刷分子层打下了基础。     

表面改性TiNi记忆合金棒的回复力学实验研究

采用直径为6~7 mm钛铌涂层T iN i记忆合金棒与未经表面改性的T iN i记忆合金棒,相变温度平均为33.0℃,低温下在三点弯卡具上进行预弯,挠度分别为5.0、10.0、15.0和20.0 mm,保持位移恒定,分别在37℃及50℃的生理盐水溶液恒温水浴箱中测量其三点弯回复力变化特性。结果表明,T iN i记忆合金棒的回复力随回复温度、棒直径、变形量增加而增加;经钛铌表面喷涂后6 mm及6.5 mm棒的回复力有一定降低,但7 mm棒回复力没有显著性差异。依照以上数据可以为临床设计脊柱侧弯矫形棒提供参考。     

七年制生物物理技术教学探索

根据七年制医学生培养要求，在“生物物理技术”教学中，除介绍有关物理方法与技术的原理及在生物医学中的应用外，还尝试了小论文写作和渗透科研思路、方法培养的探索。     

远程医疗在国内的应用和发展

远程医疗是在医学不断发展的基础上，随着通信技术、计算机网络和多媒体技术的发展而形成的一门新学科。本文首先介绍了远程医疗的概念以及其基本网络构成形式，接着介绍了其在国内的发展以及应用情况，最后对其将来市场作了预测。     

武警部队吸烟状况研究

目的：了解和分析武警部队的吸烟状况，包括：吸烟分布、吸烟人群与非吸烟人群在心理生理健康、饮酒与赌博行为、奖惩情况几方面的差异，影响吸烟的主要因素。方法：采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)；抑郁自评量表(SDS)；人格障碍问卷(PDQ-R)；SCL-90，调查了武警某总队的万名官兵，获得了部队吸烟状况资料，采用均值检验和方差分析等方法进行研究。结果：吸烟组，重度吸烟组和非吸烟组在心理健康、生理健康、饮酒与赌博行为和受处分方面均有显著差异；还发现警衔和收入及其交互作用对吸烟行为有明显的影响。结论：武警部队吸烟人员，特别是重度吸烟人员比非吸烟组在上述诸方面均有较高的负性倾向，且吸烟面广，必须加强武警部队戒烟方面的工作；要特别注意高收入官兵和上等兵、少校两个衔级的人员的戒烟。     

线扫描直接数字化X线摄影原理与应用

目的 探讨线扫描直接数字化X线摄影的工作原理与实用价值。方法 以多丝正比室线扫描X线摄影系统为基础，分析线扫描直接数字化X线摄影的适用性。结果 线扫描成像技术克服了散射线造成的干扰，且探测灵敏度和精密度分辨率高。结论 线扫描成像技术适合于除了动态摄影以外的各种数字X线摄影，对我国常规X线摄影逐步实现数字化开辟了美好的前景。     

Application of AFM in understanding biomineral formation in diatoms

We review previous work and present new data on the application of atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study biomineral formation in diatoms, unicellular algae that make cell walls of silica. Previous studies examined a small subset of mostly larger diatom species, identifying a prevalence of large particulate silica on the nanoscale. We survey different structures including valves, girdle bands, and elongated spines called setae, in a variety of species, and show a diversity of nano- and meso-scale silica morphologies, even on different portions of the same structure. A general trend of highly organized mesoscale silica structure on the proximal face of cell wall components was observed, with less organized structure occurring on the distal face. The highly organized structures have features suggestive of an underlying linear template, which defines the area of initial silica polymerization. Such features have not been imaged with such clarity previously, demonstrating the advantages of AFM to image small differences in surface morphology and providing new insights and confirming evidence for models of diatom silica structure formation. In addition to its imaging capability, more developed application of AFM to map locations of organic template components on the nanoscale will greatly aid in elucidating mechanisms of diatom biosilica synthesis. Invited contribution Special Issue “Nanophysiology”, David P. Allison.     

Time-dependent Changes in Smooth Muscle Cell Stiffness and Focal Adhesion Area in Response to Cyclic Equibiaxial Stretch

Observations from diverse studies on cell biomechanics and mechanobiology reveal that altered mechanical stimuli can induce significant changes in cytoskeletal organization, focal adhesion complexes, and overall mechanical properties. To investigate effects of short-term equibiaxial stretching on the transverse stiffness of and remodeling of focal adhesions in vascular smooth muscle cells, we developed a cell-stretching device that can be combined with both atomic force and confocal microscopy. Results demonstrate that cyclic 10%, but not 5%, equibiaxial stretching at 0.25 Hz significantly and rapidly alters both cell stiffness and focal adhesion associated paxillin and vinculin. Moreover, measured changes in stiffness and focal adhesion area from baseline values tend to correlate well over the durations of stretching studied. It is suggested that remodeling of focal adhesions plays a critical role in regulating cell stiffness by recruiting and anchoring actin filaments, and that cells rapidly remodel in an attempt to maintain a homeostatic biomechanical state when perturbed above a threshold value.