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51.
52.
Recent study has shown that nuclear glutathione S-transferase (GST) π accumulates in cancer cells resistant to doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) and may function to prevent nuclear DNA damage caused by DOX (Goto et al., FASEB J. , 15, 2702–2714 (2001)). It is not clear if the amount of nuclear GSTπ increases in response to other anti-cancer drugs and if so, what is the physiological significance of the nuclear transfer of GSTπ in the acquisition of drug-resistance in cancer cells. In the present study, we employed three cancer cell lines, HCT8 human colonic cancer cells, A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells, and T98G human glioblastoma cells. We estimated the nuclear transfer of GSTπ induced by the anti-cancer drugs cisplatin (CDDP), irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11), etoposide (VP-16) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). It was found that: (1) Nuclear GSTjt accumulated in these cancer cells in response to CDDP, DOX, CPT-11, VP-16 and 5-FU. (2) An inhibitor of the nuclear transport of GSTπ, edible mushroom lectin ( Agaricus bisporus lectin, ABL), increased the sensitivity of the cancer cells to DOX and CDDP, and partially to CPT-11. Treatment with ABL had no apparent effect on the cytotoxicity of VP-16 and 5-FU. These results suggest that inhibitors of the nuclear transfer of GSTπ have practical value in producing an increase of sensitivity to DOX, CDDP and CPT-11.  相似文献   
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Either Actinomyces israelii, A. naeslundii, or Arachnia propionica was found, by immunofluorescence studies, in cervicovaginal mucus from 36% of 50 women. One or more of these organisms were found in a surprising 27% of those with neither intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUDs) nor intravaginal foreign bodies. The only common finding was abundant vaginal mucus, and no clinical features were more serious than vaginal itching, odor, or vague discomfort. Among those women who harbored actinomycetes, the average duration of continuous IUD use was 5.3 years; the comparable figure for those with no infection was 2.1 years.  相似文献   
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Summary Specimens of brachial plexus, sural nerve and two cranial nerves of one patient with the Jansky-Bielschowsky type and 3 patients with the Spielmeyer-Sjögren type of NCL were studied by electron microscopy. Significant light microscopic changes were absent in all specimens. Ultrastructurally, curvilinear and/or fingerprint inclusions were present in each case, located chiefly in Schwann cells. These diagnostic findings were, however, overshadowed by masses of lamellar 960.gif" alt="pgr" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">-granule-like cytosomes, usually not mixed with curvilinear or finger-print profiles in the juvenile cases and only rarely associated with curvilinear profiles in the late infantile case. Since secondary changes of axons and myelin sheaths were mild, these lamellar cytosomes might indicate chronic damage to Schwann cells, perhaps by wear and tear as seen in aging as well as NCL. On account of the abundance of 960.gif" alt="pgr" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">-granules in NCL, peripheral nerve biopsy appears less suitable for confirming this diagnosis than biopsy of skin, striated muscle and rectal tissue.These investigations were supported by USPHS grant NS-04607 and by grants from the Children's Brain Diseases Foundation, San Francisco, U.S.A., and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, SFB 33.  相似文献   
55.
The reliability of the BACTEC MGIT 960 system for the second-line drugs (capreomycin [CPM], kanamycin [KAN], ofloxacin [OFX] and ethionamide [ETH]) susceptibility testing (DST) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) was compared to that of traditional Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J) proportion method (PM) among four different sites in China. After resolution of discrepant results by retesting the strains using both methods in the National Reference Laboratory of tuberculosis, the overall concordance values between the 2 systems were 99.7% (kappa value: 0.97) for CPM, 99.7% (kappa value: 0.97) for KAN, 100.0% (kappa value: 1.00) for OFX, and 98.6% (kappa value: 0.95) for ETH. The average turnaround time with BACTEC MGIT 960 system among four sites was 8.9 ± 1.7 days, significantly shorter than 28 days with the traditional L-J PM. Therefore, the BACTEC MGIT 960 system is a reliable and rapid method for the second-line drug susceptibility testing of tuberculosis in China. Notably, a stricter quality control program should be routinely carried out when clinical laboratories perform the second-line DST with BACTEC MGIT 960 system.  相似文献   
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PURPOSE: To compare BACTEC MGIT 960 (M960) with conventional culture on Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) media and direct acid fast bacilli (AFB) smear examination for the detection of Mycobacteria in clinical samples obtained from suspected cases of pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). METHODS: A total of 500 samples were processed for direct AFB smear examination, and culture on M960 and LJ media. RESULTS: Two hundred fifty-eight out of 500 (51.6%) isolates of Mycobacteria were obtained by combined use of the two culture methods. Two hundred and fifty-three (50.6%) were positive in culture by M960 and LJ media and 28% (140/500) by direct AFB smear examination. The positivity rate of M960 system alone was 34.10% (88/258) and of LJ alone was 1.93% (5/258). Average time to detect growth (TTD) was 9.66 days by M960 and 28.81 days by LJ. CONCLUSIONS: M960 system is a rapid and sensitive method for early diagnosis of pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB. But for maximum recovery of Mycobacteria , a combination of both M960 and LJ media should be used.  相似文献   
58.
Objectives: In 1999, the World Health Organization categorized pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma as a variant of large cell carcinoma. However, an optimal treatment for large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma has not been established yet. Recently, multimodality therapy combining both surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy has been reported as a useful treatment for large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, but the effect of chemotherapy on it has not yet been fully investigated. Thus, we evaluated immunohistochemical data of the expression of drug-resistant proteins in large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.Methods: We identified 10 large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (1.2%) out of 850 primary lung cancers that had been surgically resected. We examined the immunohistochemical staining of three drug-resistant proteins, namely, P-glycoprotein, metallothionein and glutathione S-transferase-π to compare large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with othe rhistological types of lung cancer.Results: The mean tumor cell positivity rates for P-glycoprotein, metallothionein and glutathione S-transferase-π in large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma were 0 %, 2.4 ±3.6% and 35.0±37.5%, respectively. The positivity rates for P-glycoprotein and glutathione S-transferase-π were significantly lower than those in adenocarcinoma (P=0.0003, P=0.0009). The positivity rate for glutathione S-transferase-π was also lower than that in squamous cell carcinoma (P=0.0387). These drug-resistant proteins showed similar expression pattern in both large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and small cell carcinoma except glutathione S-transferase-π.Conclusion: Immunohistochemical expression of drug-resistant proteins in large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma was lower than that in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, and differences esist in drug-resistance between large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and small cell carcinoma.  相似文献   
59.
In a previous study, we found urinary excretion of Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP) to be persistently decreased in 25% of patients during the first year after diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. We thus wanted to study another marker for distal tubular function, pi glutathione S-transferase (pi-GST) and compare this and THP with proximal tubular function evaluated with alpha-GST and alpha-1-microglobulin (HC) in patients with longer duration of diabetes. One hundred and eighty-four diabetic and 16 control children were studied with timed overnight urine collections. Median age was 14 years, and median age at diagnosis was 8 years. The urinary excretion of alpha- and pi-GST was significant lower in diabetic than control children. There were no differences in the excretion of HC and THP. Diabetic children with decreased alpha-GST had higher albumin excretion, HbA 1c levels, and longer diabetes duration but decreased THP excretion and cystatin-C clearance compared with those with normal excretion. In contrast, a decreased pi-GST or THP excretion was not associated with such differences. Diabetic children with increased HC excretion had increased HbA 1c levels. Diabetic children, before the stage of microalbuminuria, may have signs of both proximal and distal tubular dysfunction, which is related to diabetes duration and poor metabolic control. Alpha-GST and pi-GST seem to be more sensitive than other parameters studied.  相似文献   
60.
目的评价涂片法、BACTECMGIT960快速培养法、改良罗氏培养法、荧光定量PCR法和斑点免疫层析法在结核病实验室快速诊断方法中的作用和地位。方法对1260例结核病患者(结核病组)和100例非结核病患者(非结核病组)的各类标本采用涂片法、快速培养法、改良罗氏培养法、荧光定量PCR法进行检测,同时分离患者外周血血清进行结核抗体检测,并对这五种检测方法的结果进行分析比较。结果五种实验室检测方法对结核病组阳性标本和非结核病组阴性标本的检测结果差异均有统计学意义(χ2=466.31,χ2=216.14,P均〈0.05)。对于结核病组的涂阳和涂阴标本,快速培养法和荧光定量PCR法检测的灵敏度及准确度均高于其他三种方法,而涂片法、改良罗氏培养法、快速培养法的特异性均为100.0%,高于荧光定量PCR法和斑点免疫层析法;快速培养法的阳性检出率均较改良罗氏培养法高,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=3387.00,χ2=4233.00,P均〈0.05),平均培养时间也较改良罗氏培养法短;但快速培养法与荧光定量PCR法的阳性检出率差异均无统计学意义(P均〉0.05)。结论BACTECMGIT960快速培养法和荧光定量PCR法是诊断结核病快速、有效的检测方法,其阳性检出率高,且能缩短培养时间,BACTECMGIT960快速检测系统还能进行快速药物敏感性试验,为结核病的快速诊断提供依据。  相似文献   
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