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61.
The mutational specificity of the syn dihydrodiol epoxide of 5-methylchrysene in the supF gene of the pSP189 vector was examined. Transversion mutations at GC pairs predominated with G → T and G → C changes accounting for 42 and 21% of total base change mutations. The types of mutations found reflect the previously determined chemical preference of this reactive species for reaction with deoxyguanosine residues in DNA. 相似文献
62.
N. J. Besansky 《Insect molecular biology》1993,1(4):171-178
Codon usage was compiled for fourteen chromosomal genes and four retrotransposons from the mosquito Anopheles gambiae. Variation exists among chromosomal genes in the degree of bias. The genes showing the highest bias are probably most highly expressed. In these genes, the base composition at the third codon position is much richer in G + C than is the overall coding sequence. Thus, codon usage is biased toward G- or C-ending codons. Codon usage in each retrotransposon is quite different, not only from chromosomal genes but also from the other retrotransposons. Codon usage comparisons among homologous genes from An. gambiae and two other Dipterans, the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti and the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster, show that while there are similarities, particularly between An. gambiae and D. melanogaster in the preference for G-and C-ending codons, each species has evolved a distinct pattern of codon usage. 相似文献
63.
This study investigated the temporal evolution in the discrimination of the newborn's crying by the mother, from the first to the eighth day after birth. The sample included twenty human mothers who had had an uneventful pregnancy, labour and delivery. They were asked to identify the spontaneous cries of their newborn babies from tape-recorded cries containing cries from their own newborn and from three other newborns. On the first day, the percentage of correct answers was 48#pc, then 81 #pc on the eighth day. Two acoustic features that may underlie this discrimination were analyzed: the maximum Fo values and the average number of cry bursts per second. On the seventh day, these two acoustic variables and the discrimination abilities significantly correlate. 相似文献
64.
采用薄层扫描法对复脉定冲剂中远志有效成分3,4,5-三甲氧基反式肉桂酸乙酯的含量进行测定。方法简单、快速,结果可靠,可作为该制剂的质控标准。 相似文献
65.
Herman M. van Praag 《European neuropsychopharmacology》1992,2(4):393-404
5-HT disturbances in depression (as exemplified by lowered CSF 5-HIAA) are not syndrome specific but related to components of the depressive syndrome, specifically to increased anxiety and aggression. These 5-HT disturbances are probably core pathogenetic processes not derivative features. I hypothesized that in this subtype of depression, i.e. in “5-HT related depression”, the key psychopathological disturbances are dysregulation of anxiety and aggression, while mood lowering is a “by-product”. Based on this hypothesis it was predicted that agents which ameliorate anxiety and/or aggression via harmonization of 5-HTergic transmission will, in addition, exert overall antidepressant effect in “5-HT related depression”. The study of the relative “weight” of the various psychopathological components of depression is a basic exercise in understanding the nature of that condition and could, as such, greatly facilitate the goal-directed search for new and innovative antidepressants. 相似文献
66.
合成了3-取代苯基-5-取代-1,2,4-(口恶)二唑类化合物50个,经感染棘球蚴的小鼠初筛,部分化合物对棘球蚴有不同程度的作用,化合物13、28和30对棘球蚴的囊重抑制率分别为70、75.6和71.6%,其中化合物13对棘球蚴的生发层有损害作用。 相似文献
67.
O. F. M. SELLEVOLD T. M. BERG K. A. REIN O. W. LEVANG O–J. IVERSEN K. BERGH 《Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica》1994,38(4):372-379
A prospective randomized study was performed to investigate the effect of surface coating with covalently endpoint–attached heparin (Carmeda Bio Active Surface) and reduced general heparinization on haematological indices and complement C5 activation. Care was taken to optimize the rheological design of the system using centrifugal pump and a closed system without venting or machine suction. Twenty patients scheduled for aortocoronary bypass grafting (EF > 0.5) participated in the study. Ten patients were randomized to be treated with heparin–coated equipment (CBAS) and reduced i.v. heparin (1.5 mg kg-1) while 10 patients treated with identical but noncoated equipment and full heparinization (3 mg–kg-1) served in a Control group. A vacuum suction was used to collect the blood from the operating field and it was autotransfused at weaning from extracorporeal circulation (ECC). Blood samples were obtained from the venous (precircuit) and arterial (postcircuit) side. We used a new and very specific method for detection of C5a based on monoclonal antibodies. The concentration of C5a was low in both groups during the operation but a significant increase was seen on days 1 and 2. In the Control group there was an increase from 10.2 ngml-1±1.2 to 27.5 ng ml-1 ± 4.8 on day 2 and in the CBAS group from 10.7 ng ml-1 ± 1.2 to 35.6 ng ml-1 ± 11.6 on day 2 (NS between groups). The granulocytes and total leukocyte count increased at the end of ECC and was maintained at the elevated level throughout the study period. The amount of free haemoglobin was high in the autotransfused blood in both groups. The present results confirm the feasibility of reducing general heparin when using heparin–coated systems but the study does not support the superiority of such coating with regard to biocompatibility in short procedures with a Theologically optimized circuit. The potential benefit from reduced heparin and protamine has not been fully evaluated. 相似文献
68.
Active behaviors in the rat forced swimming test differentially produced by serotonergic and noradrenergic antidepressants 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
This study demonstrated that distinct patterns of active behaviors are produced by antidepressants that selectively inhibit norepinephrine (NE) or serotonin (5-HT) uptake in the rat forced swimming test (FST). A behavior sampling technique was developed to score the active behaviors swimming, climbing and diving, as well as immobility. The rat's behavior was recorded at the end of each 5-s period during the test session. The sampling technique was both reliable, as demonstrated by test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability, and valid, as shown by comparison to the timing of behavior durations. Five different antidepressant drugs which block monoamine uptake and two 5-HT1A receptor agonists were shown to decrease immobility in the FST; however, they produced distinct patterns of active behaviors. The selective NE uptake inhibitors desipramine and maprotiline selectively increased climbing, whereas the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) fluoxetine, sertraline and paroxetine selectively increased swimming. The 5-HT1A receptor agonists 8-OH-DPAT and gepirone also selectively increased swimming. These results show that:1) SSRIs are not false negatives in the FST; 2) at least two behaviorally distinct processes occur in the FST; and 3) enhancement of NE neurotransmission may mediate climbing in the FST, whereas enhancement of 5-HT neurotransmission may mediate swimming. 相似文献
69.
采用ELISA法及逆转录—PCR(简称RT—PCR)法检测36例非甲—戊型肝炎患者血清庚型肝炎病毒抗体(简称抗HGV)和庚型肝炎病毒(简称HGVRNA)。结果:7例(19.4%)抗HGV阳性,2例(5.4%)同时HGVRNA阳性;急性肝炎抗HGV阳性者临床表现与抗HGV阴性者无显著差异,慢性肝炎抗HGV阳性者较抗HGV阴性者轻。提示:HGV可引起急、慢性肝炎,在非甲—戊型肝炎中占有一定比例,但不是主要原因。 相似文献
70.
Juan F López-Giménez Laurence H Tecott José M Palacios Guadalupe Mengod M Teresa Vilaró 《Journal of neuroscience research》2002,67(1):69-85
Quantitative receptor autoradiography was used to study possible alterations of the densities of multiple serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtypes and of serotonin transporter in the brain of 5-HT(2C) receptor knockout mice. The radioligands employed were [(3)H]citalopram, [(3)H]WAY100,635, [(3)H]8-OH-DPAT, [(3)H]GR125743, [(3)H]sumatriptan, [(3)H]MDL100,907, [(125)I](+/-)DOI, [(3)H]mesulergine, [(3)H]5-HT, [(3)H]GR113808, and [(3)H]5-CT. As expected, radioligands that label 5-HT(2C) receptors showed a complete absence of labeling in mutant mice choroid plexus and significantly reduced densities in other brain regions expressing 5-HT(2C) receptors. With the rest of the radioligands, no significant alterations in the densities of labeled sites were found in any brain region. In situ hybridization showed no changes in 5-HT(2A) receptor and serotonin transporter mRNA levels, whereas 5-HT(2C) receptor mRNA levels were reduced in certain brain regions. The present results indicate that the mouse serotonergic system does not exhibit compensatory up- or down-regulation of the majority of its components (serotonin transporter and most 5-HT receptor subtypes) in response to the absence of 5-HT(2C) receptors. 相似文献