阿胶强骨口服液对去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠骨密度、生物力学、25-(OH)D3和1,25-(OH)2D3的影响

目的：研究阿胶强骨口服液对去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠骨密度（BMD）、生物力学、25-（OH）D3和1，25-（OH）2D3，的影响，探讨阿胶强骨口服液治疗原发性骨质疏松症的疗效机制。方法：4月龄健康雌性SD大鼠36只，随机分为3组，每组12只，分别为模型组，假手术组，阿胶强骨口服液治疗组。除假手术组外所有大鼠手术摘除双侧卵巢后导致雌激素缺失从而诱导骨质疏松症模型，分别在实验的第4、8、12周采用DEXA法分析股骨头及粗隆部的骨密度，生物力学技术分析股骨头生物力学参数，酶联免疫吸附方法检测25-（OH）D3和1,25-（OH）2D3的含量。结果：阿胶强骨口服液治疗组与模型组比较，股骨头及粗隆部骨密度明显提高（P〈0．05）；最大载荷（ML）及最大压应变（MS）等指标明显增强（P〈0．05）；血液、肝脏和肾脏组织中25-（OH）D3和1，25-（OH）2D3的含量明显提高，且组间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。阿胶强骨口服液治疗组与假手术组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：阿胶强骨口服液在雌激素缺失早期即可在蛋白水平上调节25-（OH）D3和1，25-（OH）2D3的表达，激活骨代谢，提高骨密度，增强骨质量，起到预防骨质疏松的作用。     

Tet-on系统对胰岛细胞瘤中TRB3基因的表达调控作用

目的构建Tet-on系统可控表达TRB3基因的胰岛细胞瘤细胞株。方法通过Tet-on系统将TRB3质粒转染INS-rβ（r9）细胞中,经潮霉素筛选,克隆扩增得到可诱导表达TRB3基因的细胞系。采用实时定量RT-PCR、细胞免疫化学和Western Blot检测该基因表达的可诱导性。结果三种检测方法都显示,500ng／ml DOX诱导48h可使转染的r9细胞中TRB3基因表达达到峰值,mRNA表达可上调60倍。结论通过本研究结果得到可控的TRB3高表达细胞株,为进一步研究该基因在胰腺肿瘤细胞中的功能提供了良好的细胞模型。     

肝细胞癌中CD_(15)和nm23H1的mRNA表达及其意义

目的　研究CD15mRNA表达与肝细胞癌 (HCC)侵袭转移和预后关系 ,以及与nm2 3H 1mRNA表达的相关性。方法　应用原位杂交和免疫组织化学方法 ,检测分析HCC组织中CD15mRNA及其蛋白和nm 2 3H1mRNA表达。结果　 99例HCC中 ,CD15mRNA及其蛋白和nm2 3H1mRNA表达阳性率分别为 3 8.4%、3 6.4%和 76.8%。CD15mRNA表达与蛋白表达一致 ,与nm2 3H1mRNA表达呈负相关。CD15mRNA及其蛋白和nm2 3H1mRNA表达均与HCC侵袭转移倾向和患者预后相关。结论　检测CD15表达有可能成为HCC侵袭转移和预后判断的一项新的病理生物学指标。     

姜黄素对雄激素非依赖性前列腺癌细胞PC-3及血管内皮生长因子的影响

目的：研究姜黄素对雄激素非依赖性前列腺癌细胞株PC-3细胞体外作用及其对血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）表达的影响，探讨其抗肿瘤的作用机制。方法：分别用0、6．25、12．5、25、50μmol／L浓度的姜黄素作用于PC-3细胞，12、24、36、48、72、96h后台盼蓝拒染法、四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MTT）法检测细胞生长活性；24h后流式细胞仪测定细胞周期及凋亡的变化，透射电镜观察细胞超微结构变化；半定量RT-PCR法检测PC-3细胞内VEGF mRNA的表达；ELISA检测细胞上清液中VEGF浓度。结果：姜黄素能显著抑制PC-3细胞的增殖，呈剂量与时间依赖性，不同浓度姜黄素组之间及不同时间组之间差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。不同浓度姜黄素诱导PC-3细胞出现剂量依赖性G2／M期阻滞（P〈0．01），且各浓度组凋亡细胞比例均显著高于空白对照组（P〈0．01），差异有统计学意义；姜黄素作用24h后PC-3细胞出现凋亡的形态学改变；PC-3细胞内VEGF mRNA的表达和细胞上清液中VEGF呈剂量依赖性降低。结论：姜黄素能显著抑制体外PC-3细胞的生长，并促进其G2／M期阻滞和凋亡，VEGF mRNA及蛋白的表达也明显降低，可能是其抑制肿瘤和血管生长的机制之一。     

BRP44基因对前列腺癌生物学行为的影响

目的研究BRP44高表达的人前列腺癌细胞PC3细胞系（雄激素非依赖性前列腺癌细胞株）细胞的生物学性状的影响，以了解其在人前列腺癌发生发展中可能的机制和作用。方法将已转染BRP44的PC3细胞提取其RNA，进而行Northern Blot检测证明其高表达，用Alamar Blue检测BRP44高表达的阳性细胞生长情况，流式细胞仪检测其细胞周期变换，采用改良的Transweu侵袭小室方法检测细胞侵袭能力。结果BRP44高表达的PC3细胞增殖速度较转染空载体的PC3细胞和正常PC3细胞快，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。在体外细胞移动实验中，BRP44高表达的PC3细胞也较另两组细胞表现出更强的穿膜能力、侵袭力（P〈0．01）。结论BRP44表达增高与人前列腺癌细胞的恶性表型具有密切相关性，BRP44可能在人前列腺癌的发生、发展中发挥重要作用。     

螺旋CT三维重建技术在结直肠癌诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨8层螺旋CT三维重建在中晚期结直肠癌诊断中的应用价值。方法回顾分析43例经过手术证实的结直肠癌病例,术前均进行平扫和三期扫描和图像三维重建,将CT显示的影像特征与手术证实的结果进行对比分析。结果CT显示肿块准确率100.00%（43/43）,肿瘤浆膜层浸润诊断准确率94.59%（35/37）,淋巴结转移准确率76.92%（10/13）,远处脏器转移准确率61.54%（8/13）,显示供血血管准确率100.00%（24/24）。结论螺旋CT三维重建可以较好地显示病灶及病灶与周围脏器的关系,为外科手术治疗提供完整的信息。     

Intraoperative assessment of femoral component rotational alignment in total knee arthroplasty

Poor clinical results following total knee arthroplasty like flexion gap instability or anterior knee pain may be related to femoral component rotational malalignment. The transepicondylar axis has been recommended as a landmark to consistently recreate a balanced flexion gap. However, the reproducibility to identify the transepicondylar axis intraoperatively is low. In this feasibility study we wanted to find out whether fluoroscopy-based CT scans obtained by a motorized mobile C-arm (Iso C 3D) may be useful to asses the transepicondylar axis intraoperatively. Following the femoral resections the Iso C 3D was used intraoperatively in ten knees with mild to severe deformities. On multiplanar reconstructions of the distal femur the clinical epicondylar axis as well as the angle to the posterior cut (condylar twist angle) could be easily measured. The scanning time was 40 s and the extra time needed for the whole setup about five to ten minutes. The Iso C 3D was helpful to intraoperatively identify the transepicondylar axis and the condylar twist angle, especially in cases with severe deformity or dysplasia when standard landmarks are difficult to determine. Florian Geiger and Dominik Parsch contributed equally to this article.     

Depth of tumor invasion in locally advanced rectal cancer correlates with patients’ prognosis: The usefulness of elastic stain for its measurement

Purpose The relationship between the prognosis and the extent of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is still unclear. As a simple parameter of the local invasion of CRC, we assessed the extent of tumor invasion beyond the outer border of the muscularis propria (MP). Methods We examined 147 cases of CRC using a slight modification of the procedure established by the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum. For the statistical analysis, the patients were divided into two groups, namely, a “shallow” group and a “deep” group, using a specific cut-off value (COV). A multivariate analysis to identify independent prognostic factors was performed. Results Significant differences in the 5-year survival rate were observed between the “shallow” and “deep” groups in 39 cases of rectal carcinoma (COV 4 mm; 72.4% vs. 30.0%, hazard ratio = 3.204), but not observed in 147 cases of CRC. In addition, the outcome for patients with “deep” cancer in the lower rectum was markedly worse than that for patients with “shallow” cancer (COV 4 mm; 81.8% vs. 12.5%, hazard ratio = 5.371). Conclusions The depth of tumor invasion beyond the MP is thus considered to be an important prognostic factor for patients with T3/T4 rectal carcinoma, especially in the lower rectum. A careful follow-up is required for the patients with rectal carcinoma that has invaded more than 4 mm beyond the MP.     

Effects of using the posterior or anterior approaches to the lumbar plexus on the minimum effective anesthetic concentration (MEAC) of mepivacaine required to block the femoral nerve: a prospective, randomized, up-and-down study

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate if psoas compartment block requires a larger concentration of mepivacaine to block the femoral nerve than does an anterior 3-in-1 femoral nerve block. METHODS: Forty eight patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament repair were randomly allocated to receive an anterior 3-in-1 femoral block (femoral group, n = 24) or a posterior psoas compartment block (psoas group, n = 24) with 30 mL of mepivacaine. The concentration of the injected solution was varied for consecutive patients using an up-and-down staircase method (initial concentration: 1%; up-and-down steps: 0.1%). RESULTS: The minimum effective anesthetic concentration of mepivacaine blocking the femoral nerve in 50% of cases (ED(50)) was 1.06% +/- 0.31% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45%-1.68%) in the femoral group and 1.03% +/- 0.21% (95% CI, 0.6%-1.45%) in the psoas group (P = .83). The lateral femoral cutaneous and obturator nerves were blocked in 4 (16%) and 5 (20%) femoral group patients as compared with 20 (83%) and 19 (80%) psoas group patients (P = .005 and P = .0005, respectively). Intraoperative analgesic supplementation was required by 15 (60%) and 5 (20%) patients in the femoral and psoas groups, respectively (P = .01). CONCLUSIONS: Using a posterior psoas compartment approach to the lumbar plexus does not increase the minimum effective anesthetic concentration of mepivacaine required to block the femoral nerve as compared with the anterior 3-in-1 approach, and provides better quality of intraoperative anesthesia due to the more reliable block of the lateral femoral cutaneous and obturator nerves.     

小鼠精子发生过程中差异表达基因LTBP-3的克隆

目的 :筛选与精子发生相关的基因。　方法 :应用改良的mRNA差异显示技术 ,对不同发育期小鼠 (1周龄至 4周龄 )睾丸精曲小管进行差异表达的研究 ,对其中一个在 1周龄小鼠中高表达的cDNA片段进行了克隆和测序分析 ,并与基因文库中的己知序列进行比较。　结果 :发现该片段与小鼠潜在转化生长因子 β结合蛋白 (LTBP 3)基因的部分序列 95 .4%同源。　结论 :LTBP 3基因在小鼠精子发生过程中可能起着重要的调控作用