双时相门冬胰岛素联用二甲双胍治疗2型糖尿病的成本-效果分析

目的:利用经济学模型,评价应用基础胰岛素治疗的中国2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者转换为双时相门冬胰岛素30(BIAsp30)联用二甲双胍治疗的长期经济与健康产出,证明BIAsp30的成本效果价值,旨在为临床医生和患者合理用药提供参考依据。方法:应用糖尿病CORE模型,计算患者长期(30年)的糖尿病治疗总成本、期望寿命和质量调整生命年。CORE模型是一项已发表的、经过验证和专家评审的、计算机模拟的糖尿病模型。293例中国T2DM患者的临床基线和治疗数据来自于一项16周、多中心和非随机无对照的用于评价基础胰岛素转用BIAsp30联合二甲双胍(MET)治疗的安全性与有效性的临床试验(NCT00614120)。其中基础胰岛素分为2个亚组,甘精胰岛素(IGla)联合MET组和中性鱼精蛋白锌胰岛素(NPH)联合MET组。药物和血糖检测的成本以市场价格计算,并发症及其管理成本是基于2008年已发表文献中的中国三级医院的糖尿病及其并发症成本数据进行CPI调整至2009年。本研究中的成本以直接医疗成本计算,包括降糖药物、血糖检测和糖尿病并发症的成本。直接医疗成本和质量调整生命年的年贴现率根据2006年中国药物经济学指南设定为3%。...     

雌激素受体GPR30通过TXNIP/NLRP3信号通路减弱氧糖剥夺/复氧诱导的BV-2细胞氧化应激损伤和炎症反应

目的 通过研究雌激素受体G蛋白偶联受体30（G protein-coupled receptor 30,GPR30）对氧糖剥夺/再灌注（oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion,OGD/R）BV-2小胶质细胞的氧化应激损伤和炎症反应的调控作用,探讨其对OGD/R BV-2小胶质细胞的保护作用及其相关机制。方法 取BV-2小胶质细胞ODG 4 h后再灌注2、4、6或12 h。Western blot检测细胞中GPR30的蛋白表达水平。将pcDNA3.1、pcDNA3.1-GPR30、sh-NC、sh-GPR30质粒转染BV-2小胶质细胞,OGD 4 h后再灌注12 h。qRT-PCR检测GPR30 mRNA的表达水平,验证其转染效率,Western blot检测细胞中GPR30、硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白（thioredoxin-interactingprotein,TXNIP）、NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3（NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3,NLRP3）、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶剪切体-1（cleaved cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1,cleaved Caspase-1）的蛋白表达水平,ELISA检测细胞中活性氧（reactive oxygen species,ROS）、丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α）、白细胞介素-6（interleukin-6,IL-6）、白细胞介素-1β（interleukin-1β,IL-1β）、白细胞介素-18（interleukin-18,IL-18）水平。结果 GPR30在OGD/R后显著上升,在6 h时达到峰值,而在12 h时与对照组没有显著差异。随后确定OGD处理4 h,复氧12 h的时间点进行后续实验。qRT-PCR验证慢病毒转染成功,与对照组相比,OGD/R组细胞中ROS、MDA、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、IL-18水平及TXNIP、NLRP3、cleaved-Caspase-1蛋白表达水平显著上升,SOD活性显著下降（P<0.05）;过表达GPR30抑制了ROS、MDA、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、IL-18水平及TXNIP、NLRP3、cleaved-Caspase-1蛋白表达水平,促进了SOD活性;而干扰GPR30表达发挥了相反的作用。结论 GPR30能抑制 ODG/R处理后BV-2细胞内TXNIP/NLRP3信号通路分子的表达,抑制ODG/R诱导的 BV-2细胞氧化应激损伤和炎症反应,这可能是其保护ODG/R细胞的分子机制之一。     

Magnesium metabolism in blood and the whole body in man using 28magnesium.

Studies of magnesium kinetics in plasma, red cells, and the whole-body with ²⁸Mg are described. The observations in plasma were analyzed with a three-compartment model and those in red cells with a two-compartment model. An integral approach, using the occupancy principle, was used in the analysis of the whole-body observations. At 120 hr after intravenous administration of ²⁸Mg, exchangeable magnesium calculated by the dilution principle was only 23% of total body magnesium. There was good agreement between the estimates of exchangeable magnesium based on plasma and “spot” urine ²⁸Mg activity. Exchangeable magnesium, as estimated by compartmental analysis and the occupancy principle, was only 12.5%–15% of total body magnesium. These results suggest the existence of magnesium compartments in the body with turnover half-periods of at least 63–181 days that cannot be investigated adequately with the short-lived tracer, ²⁸Mg. A possible mechanism for the observed pattern of red cell uptake of ²⁸Mg in vivo is suggested in which magnesium enters these cells only during erythropoiesis and is then lost progressively from circulating red cells during the aging process. Present results suggest that the concentration of magnesium in reticulocytes may be 3.9 times greater than the mean red cell concentration. Magnesium may leave red cells exponentially with age; a half-period of 22.4 days is suggested.     

门冬胰岛素30联合拜糖平治疗初诊2型糖尿病临床分析

目的探讨门冬胰岛素30联合拜糖平治疗初诊2型糖尿病的临床疗效。方法100例初诊2型糖尿病患者随机分为观察组与对照组各50例。对照组给予门冬胰岛素30治疗,观察组给予门冬胰岛素30联合拜糖平治疗,比较两组血糖控制效果。结果治疗16周后,观察组空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2h血糖（2hPG）比对照组降低更加明显（P〈0．05）,每日胰岛素用量比对照组更少。结论门冬胰岛素30联合拜糖平治疗初诊2型糖尿病可有效控制血糖,减少胰岛素用量。     

可乐丽菲露AP-X用于乳牙非创伤性修复的临床研究

目的分析评价采用可乐丽菲露AP-X复合树脂填充,行非创伤性修复技术(ART)治疗乳牙龋的临床疗效。方法选取2005年5月至2006年9月来沈阳市儿童医院口腔科就诊的5～8岁乳磨牙有龋齿的儿童196例316个患牙进行修复治疗,随机将患牙分为两组,均用ART清除腐质,治疗组患牙160个,用可乐丽菲露AP-X复合树脂充填;对照组患牙156个,用FX-Ⅱ玻璃离子水门汀充填。观察两组充填物的成功率、继发龋发病率情况及不同类别洞型填充物保留情况。结果随访2年后发现两种充填材料在充填物成功率及继发龋发病率方面均无显著差异(P>0.05),两种材料的Ⅰ类洞充填成功率分别为90.54%和90.28%,明显好于Ⅱ类洞(P<0.01)。结论可乐丽菲露AP-X复合树脂与FX-Ⅱ玻璃离子水门汀一样适合作ART修复龋洞的充填材料。     

SIRT1 acts as a potential tumor suppressor in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Background

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumor in oral cancer, however, the mechanism underlying OSCC tumorigenesis is unknown. SIRT1, has been considered a prominent tumor-suppressing/promoting gene in various solid tumors, although the precise role of SIRT1 in OSCC progression remains unknown.

EORTC QLQ—C30生命质量测定量表在维吾尔族恶性肿瘤患者中的应用评价

目的：将欧洲EORTC生命质量核心量表QLQ—c30（V3）中文版翻译成维吾尔文,并对其进行信度、效度,反应度、适应度检验及可行性分析,使量表可以应用于维吾尔族肿瘤人群。方法：通过对EORTCQLQ—C30（V3）中文版的翻译、回译及部分化调适,产生维文量表,用其对497例维吾尔族恶性肿瘤患者进行生命质量测定。所得资料用统计学方法进行相关分析及配对检验,最终对量表的信度、效度、反应度,可行性等进行考评。结果：①内部一致性信度：各领域的克朗巴赫系数（Cronbach’so）均在0．681以上;重测信度：除了腹泻,恶心呕吐等单项测试项目以外,P值均大于0．05;②结构效度：30个条目,共15个维度,提取了6个公共因子,累积方差贡献率为54．62％;因子分析结果表明,调查分析结果和理论构想基本吻合。③反应度：除了呼吸困难,便秘等项目外,其余领域及单项测量项目P值均小于0．05,表示量表能较好反映治疗前后生命质量的差异。④量表的可行性：回收率为96．42％,完成率为95．44％,完成量表的时间15min以内。结论：经翻译、回译、文化调适后产生的EORTCQLQ—C30（V3）维吾尔文版具有较好的信度、效度、反应度,可以用于维吾尔族恶性肿瘤患者的生活质量评价。     

LncRNA HIF1A-AS2 accelerates malignant phenotypes of renal carcinoma by modulating miR-30a-5p/SOX4 axis as a ceRNA

Objective: Several reports have proposed that lncRNAs, as potential biomarkers, participate in the progression and growth of malignant tumors. HIF1A-AS2 is a novel lncRNA and potential biomarker, involved in the genesis and development of carcinomas. However, the molecular mechanism of HIF1A-AS2 in renal carcinoma is unclear.Methods:The relative expression levels of HIF1A-AS2 and miR-30a-5p were detected using RT-qPCR in renal carcinoma tissues and cell lines. Using loss-of-function and overexpression, the biological effects of HIF1A-AS2 and miR-30a-5p in kidney carcinoma progression were characterized. Dual luciferase reporter gene analysis and Western blot were used to detect the potential mechanism of HIF1A-AS2 in renal carcinomas.Results:HIF1A-AS2 was upregulated in kidney carcinoma tissues when compared with para-carcinoma tissues (P < 0.05). In addition, tumor size, tumor node mestastasis stage and differentiation were identified as being closely associated with HIF1A-AS2 expression (P < 0.05). Knockdown or overexpression of HIF1A-AS2 either restrained or promoted the malignant phenotype and WNT/β-catenin signaling in renal carcinoma cells (P < 0.05). MiR-30a-5p was downregulated in renal cancers and partially reversed HIF1A-AS2 functions in malignant renal tumor cells. HIF1A-AS2 acted as a microRNA sponge that actively regulated the relative expression of SOX4 in sponging miR-30a-5p and subsequently increased the malignant phenotypes of renal carcinomas. HIF1A-AS2 showed a carcinogenic effect and miR-30a-5p acted as an antagonist of the anti-oncogene effects in the pathogenesis of renal carcinomas.Conclusions:The HIF1A-AS2-miR-30a-5p-SOX4 axis was associated with the malignant progression and development of renal carcinoma. The relative expression of HIF1A-AS2 was negatively correlated with the expression of miR-30a-5p, and was closely correlated with SOX4 mRNA levels in renal cancers.