不合理用药实例分析(17)

实例：患者，男，42岁。因心悸、气促3个月就诊。心电图：快速心房颤动。初步诊断：风湿性心脏病，二尖瓣狭窄并快速心房颤动。给予胺碘酮和维拉帕米口服。     

一起由于补碘引起的群发性癔病的调查报告

2004年6月1日至4日,某乡中学发生一起36名学生陆续以头晕、恶心、头痛、腹痛为主要症状到乡卫生院就诊的事件。经流行病学调查、临床资料分析和实验室检测,证实该事件为一起由于补碘所引起的群发性癔病,现将调查结果报告如下。1流行病学调查1.1发病经过:首例就诊学生6月1日15时以恶心、头痛、腹痛为主要症状就诊。以后陆续有类似症状的学生发病,至6月4日凌晨1时30分,共有36名学生就诊。发病高峰在6月3日13时以后。36例学生均为某乡中学初一至初三的学生,其中女生32人,男生4人;年龄在13~17岁,其中13岁3人,14岁16人,15岁7人,16岁9人,17岁1人。…     

~(125)I放射粒子永久植入治疗恶性肿瘤的观察和护理

随着医疗技术的发展,采用放射性125I粒子植入是治疗恶性肿瘤的新选择。本院采用放射粒子永久植入方法治疗恶性肿瘤患者20例,配合周到细致的护理和临床观察,其效果满意,现将护理体会总结如下。1临床资料1·1一般资料本组男12例,女8例;年龄21~84岁,平均44岁;其中乳腺癌3例,卵巢癌腹腔转移4例,胃肠癌8例,胰腺癌3例,肝癌2例。肿瘤切除术后预防性植入3例,残余肿瘤放射粒子植入8例,未能切除的放射粒子直接种植瘤体内9例。患者都经临床、病理、影像学检查确诊为恶性肿瘤。1·2方法1·2·1利用治疗计划系统制定实施方案患者在治疗前均经过专人将其C…     

坎地沙坦酯联合胺碘酮治疗房颤的临床观察

房颤是常见的心律失常之一，近年来研究表明房颤存在明显的心肌结构重构和电重构，并且与肾素血管紧张素系统过度激活有关。我院从2007年1月以来，应用胺碘酮与坎地沙坦酯合用治疗持续性房颤取得满意疗效，现报道如下。     

CA125测定在肺癌诊断中的临床意义

随着人类平均寿命的延长、环境污染的加剧以及生活方式的改变，癌症已经成为威胁人类生命的主要因素，而肺癌又成为癌症中的第一杀手。肺癌的发病率和死亡率在常见的恶性肿瘤中居前列。本文检测肺癌患者血清CA125含量并与其临床分型分期进行比较，现将结果报道如下。     

hTERT启动子调控hNIS基因介导肺癌细胞碘摄取和131I治疗的实验研究

目的 构建含人端粒酶反转录酶(hTERT)核心启动子调控的人钠/碘同向转运体(hNIS)基因重组腺病毒,并靶向转染至肺癌A549细胞中特异性表达.探讨hTERT启动子调控的hNIS基因介导放射性碘治疗肿瘤的可能性.方法 应用AdEasy系统构建重组腺病毒Ad-hTERT-hNIS,同时构建巨细胞病毒(CMV)启动子调控的hNIS重组腺病毒Ad-CMV.hNIS作为阳性对照,不含hNIS的重组腺病毒Ad-CMV作为阴性对照.应用反转录.聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法验证hTERT在转染肿瘤细胞中的转录活性,摄碘实验检测表达的hNIS蛋白功能,细胞克隆形成实验评价131I对转染肿瘤细胞的毒性作用.结果 成功构建重组腺病毒Ad-hTERT-hNIS、Ad-CMV-hNIS及Ad-CMV,并经PCR验证正确.RT-PCR证实hNIS cDNA能从Ad-hTERT-hNIS转染的细胞中扩增出来.Ad-hTERT-hNIS和Ad-CMV-hNIS转染的肺癌A549细胞摄碘能力比阴性对照组Ad-CMV转染的细胞分别提高了23和31倍,且摄碘能力可以被NaClO4抑制.Ad-hTERT-hNIS和Ad-CMV-hNIS转染的肺癌A549细胞均可被131I杀死,2组细胞成活率分别为(31.2±1.45)%和(23.6±4.08)%,而阴性对照组和未转染病毒组分别为(89.0 ±2.99)%和(91.2 ±4.63)%.结论 hTERT启动子调控的hNIS重组腺病毒转染肿瘤细胞后,应用131I治疗有望成为一种新的基因靶向治疗手段.     

广东省梅县重点人群碘营养状况调查分析

Objective To estimate the present salt iodine content and iodine nutrition need of high risk population of iodine deficiency disorder in Meixian County. Methods Each primary school was selected from urban and rural areas(Xiyang Town, 20 kilometers away from Meixian County), the goiter rate of 8 to 10 year-old students was examined and urinary iodine and household salt iodine was sampled. Twenty to 40 year-old women of childbearing age nearby schools around the urban and villages around Xiyang Town were selected to collect their urine and salt samples. At urban hospitals and rural health centers, 0 to 2 year-old infant urine samples were collected, Thyroid gland was palpated and urinary iodine was determined by iodine in urine by As3+-Ce4+catalytic spectrophotometry, salt iodine was determined by direct titration. Results The goiter rates of 8 to 10 year-old students were 1.5 % (3/200), 1.0% (1/100) for the urban area and 2.0% (2/100) for rural area. Median of urinary iodine in 8 to 10 year-old students, infants, women of childbearing age averaged at 237.1 μg/L and 280.1, 234.7,187.6 μg/L respectively, with each being 287.4,245.0,205.5 μg/L in urban area and 278.9,228.5,176.4 μg/L in rural area. Women of childbearing age had a higher percentage of urinary iodine < 50.0 μg/L than students,students had a higher percentage than infants, each being 7.5%(15/200), 4.5%(9/200), 4.0%(4/100). The ration of urinary iodine > 300.0 μg/L was more in infants than in students, that in students was more than that in women of childbearing age, each being 33.0% (33/100), 30.0% (60/200),22.5% (45/200). The median of salt iodine was 27.2 mg/kg. The coverage of iodized salt was 100.0%(400/400). Ninty-seven percent(194/200) and 96.0% (192/200) of qualified iodized salt were consumed in urban area and in rural area. Conclusions The amount of iodine added to salt meets the requirement in the 3 kinds population risk of iodine deficiency disorder. But a higher iodine status has been found out in students and infants. It is reasonable to decrease the present salt iodine content.     

离子电极法测定SMZ片剂含量的研究

目的：研究用离子电极法测定SMZ片剂含量的效果。方法：用碘离子选择电极作为指示电极，KI溶液回滴过量Ag^ 。结果：测定结果正确，符合药典要求。结论：离子电极法是测定SMZ片剂含量的有效方法。