祛风宣肺汤联合西药治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘(风邪犯肺)随机平行对照研究

[目的]观察祛风宣肺汤联合西药治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘(风邪犯肺)疗效。[方法]使用随机平行对照方法,将104例门诊患者按随机数字表法随机分为两组。对照组52例沙美特罗替卡松粉吸入剂,1吸/次,2次/d;多索茶碱,400mg/次,2次/d。治疗组52例祛风宣肺汤(麻黄、蜜枇杷叶、炒紫苏子各15g,蝉蜕、前胡、荆芥、炒牛蒡子、浙贝母、五味子、桔梗各10g,甘草8g,鱼腥草30g),水煎400mL,早晚温服,兼夹风寒者,加防风、紫菀、百部;兼夹风热者,加桑叶、菊花、薄荷、连翘;兼夹风燥者,加桑叶、杏仁、沙参;西药治疗同对照组。连续治疗3周为1疗程。观测临床表现、FEV_1、FEV_1%、用力肺活量(FVC)、最大呼气流量(PEF)、中医证候积分、不良反应。连续治疗2疗程(6周),判定疗效。[结果]治疗组痊愈26例,显效16例,有效7例,无效3例,总有效率94. 23%;对照组痊愈20例,显效13例,有效9例,无效10例,总有效率80. 77%;治疗组疗效优于对照组(P 0. 05)。FEV_1、FEV_1%、FVC、PEF、中医证候积分两组均有改善(P 0. 01),治疗组改善优于对照组(P 0. 05,P 0. 01)。[结论]祛风宣肺汤联合西药治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘(风邪犯肺),疗效满意,无严重不良反应,值得推广。     

8-(N,N-二甲基-胺甲基)-黄芩苷对非白假丝酵母的抑菌作用

目的探索分析8-(N,N-二甲基-胺甲基)-黄芩苷抗非白假丝酵母的作用,拓宽其应用范围。方法将近平滑假丝酵母、克柔假丝酵母、光滑假丝酵母的标准菌株及临床菌株选为待试菌株,测定8-(N,N-二甲基-胺甲基)-黄芩苷、黄芩苷及伊曲康唑对待试菌株的抑菌圈直径。结果除伊曲康唑对部分待试菌株耐药外,3种药物对待试菌株存在一定的抗菌作用。8-(N,N-二甲基-胺甲基)-黄芩苷对近平滑假丝酵母标准菌株、近平滑假丝酵母临床菌株、克柔假丝酵母临床菌株的抑菌圈直径分别为(29.44±5.27)mm、28.00(25.00,30.00)mm、18.00(15.00,24.00)mm,大于黄芩苷;对光滑假丝酵母临床菌株的抑菌圈直径为25.00(20.00,28.00)mm,大于伊曲康唑(P<0.05)。其对光滑假丝酵母的标准菌株、临床菌株的抑菌圈直径分别为(25.56±4.64)mm、25.00(20.00,28.00)mm,小于黄芩苷;对克柔假丝酵母的标准菌株、临床菌株的抑菌圈直径分别为(18.89±3.33)mm、18.00(15.00,24.00)mm,小于伊曲康唑(P<0.05)。结论 8-(N,N-二甲基-胺甲基)-黄芩苷对近平滑假丝酵母标准菌株、近平滑假丝酵母临床菌株、克柔假丝酵母临床菌株的抗菌作用优于黄芩苷,对光滑假丝酵母临床菌株的抗菌作用优于伊曲康唑;其对光滑假丝酵母的标准菌株、临床菌株的抗菌作用弱于黄芩苷,对克柔假丝酵母的标准菌株、临床菌株的抗菌作用弱于伊曲康唑。     

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??Objective    To discuss the influence of basic periodontal therapy on the level of IL-8?? IL-10 in serum and gingival crevicular fluid in patients who have chronic periodontitis complicated by coronary heart disease. Methods     A total of 65 cases of patients with chronic periodontitis complicated by coronary heart disease were selected and divided into two groups randomly??Group A of 35 patients who received the basic periodontal therapy and cardiac medical treatment??Group B of 30 patients who received cardiological treatment only. Then??select 25 patient who had developed chronic severe periodontitis with non-systematic disease to establish group C and give them the basic periodontal therapy only. Observe the changes of the IL-8??IL-10 levels in serum and gingival crevicular fluid and the periodontal infection indexes??BI??PD??. Results    The results showed that after three months of basic periodontal therapy the periodontal clinical indices of both group A and group C became better and the IL-8 level obviously reduced??while the IL-10 level obviously increased. There was no obvious difference between group A and group B in each examination index before the therapy. After three months??we found that the periodontal infection index??SBI PD??of group A was obviously better than group B. Compared to group B??the IL-8 level of group A obviously reduced??and the IL-10 level obviously increased. The difference was statistically significant??P < 0.05??. Conclusion    The basic periodontal therapy can effectively improve periodontal conditions of the patients with chronic periodontal diseases??and reduce the risk of breaking the normal cardiovascular function.     

发作性睡病的药物治疗进展

发作性睡病是致残性白天睡眠增多的最常见原因之一，其治疗旨在减少白天睡眠增多和猝倒，改善夜间睡眠紊乱、睡眠瘫痪及与睡眠有关的幻觉。2019年，组胺H3受体拮抗剂替洛利生（Pitolisant）和多巴胺及去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂索利氨酯（Solriamfetol）分别在欧盟和美国上市，前者具有促醒和抗猝倒作用，后者也有促醒作用，且戒断症状和滥用的发生率更低。目前，控释型羟丁酸钠（FT218）、低钠型羟丁酸盐（JZP-258）、选择性去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂（瑞波西汀，又称AXS-12）以及莫达非尼联合氟卡尼制剂（THN102）等药物仍在开发和测试中，均可作为治疗发作性睡病相关白天睡眠增多和猝倒的潜在药物。本文重点介绍这些最近研发的发作性睡病治疗药物。