三苯氧胺的新用途

三苯氧胺亦名他莫昔芬(Tamoxifen,TMX),目前广泛用于晚期乳腺癌和晚期卵巢癌及其它妇科或非妇科肿瘤,亦可用于某些非肿瘤性疾病的治疗。     

重症肺心病治疗的临床体会

重症肺心病治疗的临床体会吴新寿，李孳（安徽省肺科医院肺科２３００２２）重症肺心病的治疗临床较为棘手，但如在某些环节上处理得当、及时，可使病人转危为安。我院自１９８９年元月～１９９４年１０月共收治重症肺心病患者８４例，现总结分析如下。１资料与方法１．１...     

脂氧素A4对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

Objective To investigate the roles of lipoxin A4, an endegenous lipid mediator with wide anti-inflammatory fea- tures, in attenuating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and the possible mechanisms. Methods Thirty male KM mice were divid- ed randomly into three groups, 10 in each: ischemia-reperfusion group (group A), lipoxin A4 (0.1 mg/kg) group (group B) and Zn- PP (Zinc protoporphyrin Ⅸ, 25 mg/kg)phus lipoxin A4 (0.1 mg/kg)group (group C). A ischemia-reperfusion heart model was de- veloped by ligating the lift anterior descending branch of the coronary artery. A dine of 10% dehydrated alcohol in 0.2 ml for group A, a dose of isochoric lipoxin A4 for group B and a dose of isochoric ZnPP + lipoxin A4 for group C was infused into the ascending aorta through a catheter, which was kpassing the right common carotid artery, 30 minutes after reperfusion. The concentration of serum TNF-α, activities of serum crestine kinase(CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malond- ialdehyde (MDA) and the cell apoptosis rate in the myocardial tissue were measured 5 hours after reperfusion. Pathological features of the inflammatory infiltration in the myocardium were also observated.Results As compared with group A, the inflammatoryry infiltra- tion in the ischemic and necrotic regions tithe myocardium was reduced, with group C in the intermediate range. The serum activities of CK and LDH wine significantly lower in group B and C than that in group A, and the lowest activities were detected in group B. Similar findings were observed for MPO, an indicator for neutrophil infiltration, and MDA, an indictor for cell injury caused by oxy- gen radicals, in the myocardium. The concentration of TNF-α and the rate of cadiocyte apoptosis were decreased significantly in group B(P < 0.01). ZnPP, an inhibitor of heine oxygenase (HO)-1, attenusted the above protective effects of lipoxin A4 significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion Lipoxin A4 has protective effects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and HO-1 may have a potential role in the protectve mechanisms of lipoxin A4, probably pertly by means of reducing the production of reactive oxygen spe- cies and TNF-α, decreasing the activation and infiltration of neutrophils, alleviating inflammatory damage and avoiding apoptosis.     

静舒氧联用川芎嗪注射液治疗缺血性脑血管病的疗效观察

目的 探讨静舒氧联用川芎嗪注射液治疗缺血性脑血管病的疗效。方法 68例缺血性脑血管病患者随机分为静舒氧联用川芎嗪注射液治疗组38例和川芎嗪注射液联用丹参注射液对照组30例,2周为一个疗程,连续治疗2个疗程。结果 治疗组平均显效时间(7.5日)、显效率(78.95％)及总有效率(94.74％)均明显高于对照组(分别为13.2日、50.00％和76.67％,户均<0.05)。结论 静舒氧联用川芎嗪注射液治疗急性缺血性脑血管病具有疗效显著、使用方便、价格低的优点,值得推广应用。     

RGPCL矫正60例中低度近视的初步观察

目的评价高透氧性硬性角膜接触镜(RGPCL)矫正控制中低度近视屈光不正的效果。方法采用RGPCL矫正120眼中低度近视性屈光不正,统计矫正后当天、1年时近视屈光度、散光度的变化。结果观察组的近视度和散光度随戴镜时间延长相对稳定。结论RGPCL对中低近视的度数控制有效。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者临床表现与上气道阻塞部位关系的探讨

目的 观察一组AHI接近的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）患者中上气道阻塞部位对多导睡眠监测（PSG）图及临床表现的影响。方法选取36例AHI为30—40的成年男性OSAS患者行再次整夜PSG，加同步上气道及食道压力监测确定上气道最低阻塞部位。比较上气道最低阻塞部位在软腭水平、舌根水平和下咽水平的不同患者中PSG相关参数：平均SaO2、最低SaO2、最长阻塞性呼吸暂停事件时间、呼吸暂停事件中SaO2下降率（dSaO2／dt）、微觉醒指数；以及部分临床表现参数：白日嗜睡程度、入睡前收缩压／清晨收缩压、入睡前舒张压／清晨舒张压以及高血压发生率。结果平均SaO2、最长阻塞性呼吸暂停事件时间和入睡前收缩压／清晨收缩压比值在3种不同上气道最低阻塞部位患者中差异无显著性（P〉0．05），但与软腭水平相比，舌根水平和下咽水平的最低Sa02降低（P〉0．05），dSaO2／dt（％／s）比值增高（P〈0．05），微觉醒指数及白日嗜睡评分增高（P〈0．01），入睡前舒张压／清晨舒张压比值降低（P〈0．05），最低SaO2〈80％的发生率增高（P〈0．01）以及高血压的发生率增高（P〈0．01）。结论AHI接近的OSAS患者上气道阻塞部位在舌根水平以下者与软腭以上水平者相比，阻塞性呼吸暂停事件的致缺氧效率和程度提高，OSAS的临床表现加重。     

美国城市垃圾处理现状与趋势分析（下）

6．1．2．堆肥质量 堆肥质量（除肥效外，还包括重金属含量、有毒元素含量等）是堆肥是否能够拥有市场的关键。因此，美国在大力推进垃圾堆肥的同时，也很重视堆肥产品的质量。1999年12月美国环保局提出了用作农业肥料的生物固体垃圾所含毒性当量的限制标准，同时还规定加工生物固体垃圾作为农业肥料的机械设备也要具有毒性检测、记录和警告功能。早在1993年2月，美国环保局就对作为肥料的生物固体垃圾中的金属、致病菌和碳氧化合物制定了标准。美国环保局将对所提出的固体生活垃圾肥料毒性当量限度广泛追求意见后实施。