软骨发育不全1例的影像诊断

孕妇27岁。孕8个月，行常规超声检查发现：胎儿臀位，胎头双顶径8．7cm，颅骨光滑完整，脊柱排列整齐，胸部扁平，腹部膨隆．网肢短小；测股骨长约2．1cm，肱骨长约2．0cm，胫骨长约1.6cm，羊水最深处约14cm。其双顶径相当于孕35周，股骨长仅相当于孕17周，二者明显不成比例。超声诊断：宫内单活胎，胎儿四肢发育短小畸形，羊水名．     

腹部全麻手术影响因素的探讨

为了更多的减轻患者痛苦,减少并发症,通过与传统的护理观念相比较,笔者认为应缩短术前禁食时间、防治术后低温及预防血压不稳定、尽早给予半卧位、有效控制术后疼痛。     

拉合胶带用于闭合皮肤小切口的体会

目的探讨闭合小型皮肤切口的新方法,避免或减轻切口疤痕。方法对小型皮肤切口/伤口,通过对皮下组织的减张缝合,使切口/伤口已基本对合之后,不缝皮肤,使用拉合胶带闭合切口/伤口。结果应用于门诊手术共108例,均愈合良好。无发生切口/伤口裂开或对合不良现象。结论应用拉合胶带闭合皮肤小切口/伤口,只要病例选择得当,使用方法正确,能够避免或减少切口/伤口的疤痕形成,缩短手术时间,且简单易行,有实用意义。     

还原型谷胱甘肽联合甘草酸二铵对腹部开放伤后海水浸泡犬肝功能损伤的治疗作用

Objective To investigate effect of reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate on the treatment of hepatic damage in experimental dogs following open abdominal injuries coupled with seawater immersion. Methods Twenty-four dogs with open abdominal injuries were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control group (given with simple observation after 1.5 h seawater immersion); the routine treatment group (given routine care and fluid transfusion after 1.5 h seawater immersion) ; the hepatic treatment group (given routine are, fluid transfusion and hepatic treatment as well, after 1.5 h seawater immersion). Each group consisted of 8 dogs. Blood samples were taken at different time points to measure total bilirubin (TB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), prothromin time (PT), endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and pathological examination was also made at the same time. Results For the control group, contents of TB, ALT, AST and LDH increased significantly and survival time was less than 24 hours. Contents of TB, ALT, AST and LDH of the routine treatment group also increased significantly, but survival time of all the experimental animals was mere than 24 hours. Reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate could reduce the extent of lesion quite significantly 12～24 hours following open abdominal injuries. Conclusions Reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate seemed to have good effects on the treatment and prevention against hepatic damage induced by trauma coupled with seawater immersion. It could be used as a primary means for the treatment of such kind of hepatic damage.     

骨盆底肌的小秘密

背靠椅子站立，双手扶住椅背，腹部和大腿收紧。双脚脚跟并拢，提起脚跟，收缩会阴部位，然后放松。     

小儿腹腔镜手术的护理要点

腹腔镜手术在全世界范围内得到广泛开展；在小儿外科领域，腹腔镜手术更是随着腔镜器械、影录设备的微形化而日益拓展其手术范畴。与传统外科手术相比，腹腔镜手术相对创伤小、失血、失液、失热都少，并且还可减少伤口疼痛、瘢痕形成，患者早些恢复活动而减少肺部并发症等诸多优越性。近几年来，在我国各地开展小儿腹腔镜手术也逐年增多，就这一点本人谈谈对小儿腹腔镜手术前后的护理要点，供护理专业人事参阅。     

交通伤中腹部闭合性损伤合并颅脑伤的早期诊治

在所有致伤原因中．道路交通伤（road traffic injury，RTI）占50％左右．我国交通伤人数呈不断增多趋势。在RTI患者死亡的危险因素中。内脏损伤与颅脑损伤均为主要致死因素口，两者并存给救治带来更大挑战。多发伤患者死亡高峰在伤后68小时以内．约占80％。因此，如何早期诊治．以提高治愈率、减少并发症、降低死亡率有着非常重要的意义。总结如下。     

19例胰十二指肠损伤的诊治体会

1994-2004年我院共收治腹部闭合性损伤324例，其中经手术证实为胰十二指肠损伤18例，占5．5％，他院转入1例，共19例，死亡2例，病死率10％，现将我们的诊治体会介绍如下。