Tourette综合征的病因学研究进展

Tourette综合征患者可具有较轻微的神经系统体征,MRI发现基底神经节容积的变化,推测其病因可能与脑器质性损伤,特别是基底神经节的损伤有关。基底神经节和边缘系统的发育和组成受性激素的控制,推测性激素活性是通过兴奋性神经递质予以调节。本文综述了脑器质性损伤、性激素及兴奋性氨基酸在该综合征中的病因学作用。     

基底动脉阻塞对脑干传导功能的影响

基底动脉阻塞对脑干传导功能的影响赵士福，王东武，郑健，李黔宁体感诱发电位Ｐ１４成份（ＳＥＰ－Ｐ１４）及脑干听觉诱发电位（ＢＡＥＰ）可以反映内侧丘系及听觉通路的功能状态，本文观察１２例犬基底动脉（ＢＡ）上一点和两点阻塞２４小时内ＳＥＰ－Ｐ１４及ＢＡＥＰ...     

椎─基底动脉闭塞病理临床分析（附16例尸解资料）

本文以１６例椎—基底动脉闭塞的病理、临床资料为基础，探讨了病理与临床特点。椎—基底动脉闭塞以基底动脉中段多见，栓塞多于血栓。病变主要波及桥脑、枕叶、颞叶及丘脑。约半数病人并存基底节区梗塞。本组病理资料提示脑动脉粥样硬化是发病的重要条件，也是本病常见于老年人的病理基础。起病时常见的症状有眩晕、呕吐、偏侧或双侧肢体瘫痪、言语不清及突然意识不清等。病变过程中比较有特征性的体征有眼肌麻痹、眼球震颤、构音障碍、双软腭提举力差、双侧肢体瘫痪、双侧病理反射阳性。ＣＴ对本病诊断的帮助不大。     

组胺及组胺受体拮抗剂对离体猪脑血管的调节作用

实验用离体猪脑血管标本研究组胺（Ｈｉｓ）及其受体拮抗剂对脑血管舒缩作用的影响。Ｈｉｓ１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ使脑血管收缩。达最大张力，但维持时间较短，随之血管舒张。Ｈ１受体拮抗剂苯酶拉明、扑尔敏可拮抗Ｈｉｓ对脑篾这的收缩作用，并使Ｈｉｓ的量－效曲线平行右移，最大反应压低，其ＰＡ２值分别为８．５４和９．６７。Ｈ２受体拮抗剂西米替丁、雷尼替丁可拮抗Ｈｉｓ的舒血管效应，使其量－曲线左移。结果表明，在猪脑血管     

寰枢椎椎弓根钉固定治疗伸直型齿状突骨折合并寰枢关节半脱位

Objective To explore the clinical outcome of atlantoaxial pedicle screw instrument in treatment of extension-type odontoid fracture combined with aflantoaxial subluxation. Methods From December 2002 to December 2006, seven patients with extension-type odontoid fracture combined with at-lantoaxial subluxation were reduced and fixed with atlantoaxial pedicle screw instrument of Vertex system under general anesthesia. There were five males and two females, at mean age of 39.2 years (range 21-59 years). All odontoid fractures were fresh type Aderson Ⅱ. JOA scores of spinal core function was 8.6-14.9 (average 10.7) preoperatively. The X-ray examination, CT scanning and skull traction were performed in all patients preoperatively. Results There found no severe complications such as injuries of vertebral artery, nerve root and spinal cord postoperatively. All patients obtained complete reduction and healing of the fracture and dislocation. The mean off-bed time was four days (3-6 days) after opera-tion. A follow-up for 12-36 months (average 22 months) in all patients showed that the clinical symptom was improved significantly six months postoperatively and that all screws were in proper position verified by X-ray and CT scanning. All patients obtained solid bony union on radiographs, with no loosing or breakage of instrument. The postoperative JOA scores was 13.5-16.9 (average 15.8). Conclusions Allantoaxial pedicle screw fixation has advantages of intraoperative reduction, reliable fixation and high fusion rate and can be used as an effective method for extension-type odontoid fracture combined with at-lantoaxial subluxation.     

静注碳酸氢钠联合西比灵治疗眩晕50例临床观察

我院2001年2月～2003年10月试用静脉注射5％碳酸氢钠佐以口服西比灵治疗眩晕50例，获得良好效果，报告如下：     

倍他司汀治疗椎基底动脉供血不足的疗效观察

目的 观察倍他司汀治疗椎基底动脉供血不足的疗效及不良反应。方法 96例患者随机分成两组，治疗组49例，对照组47例。治疗组用倍他司汀治疗，对照组用曲克芦丁治疗，观察两组疗效。结果 治疗组有效率（95.9％）高于对照组（78.7％），有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论 倍他司汀注射液治疗椎基底动脉供血不足安全有效。