PET/CT在评价及观察大鼠肺癌放疗效果中的应用

Objective The aim of this study was to understand the role of PET/CT in monitoring the therapeutic effect of radiotherapy (RT) on lung cancer with Wistar rats. Methods Thirty Wistar in-bred strain rats (6-8 weeks, weighed 180-280 g, female, ordinary) were made into Lewis pulmonary tumor model rats. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT was performed when tumor reached 1.5-2.0 cm in greatest diameter (4-6 weeks) as a baseline. In order to get the optimal time point of PET/CT for moni-toring RT effect in rat cancer model, PET/CT was performed at the 3rd day, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th week after giving single dose of 5 Gy to each rat. Standardized uptake values (SUV) from FDG PET were measured and rats were sacrificed at different time point for validation. Besides, the expressions of glucose transport1 (Glut1) in tumor tissue were studied using immunohistochemistry. The level of tumor cell apoptosis, degra-dation, and necrosis were observed. SPSS 11.0 software was used for data analyses. Results A negative correlation of SUV uptake and time after RT and negative correlation of Glut1 expression and time after RT were observed in rat tumors, respectively. Positive correlation of SUV uptake and Glut1 expression in rat tumors was observed (Spearman rank correlation test, rs = 0.97, P < 0.01). Before RT, the SUV in rat tumor was 1.28 ± 0.31 and was decrease to 1. 00 ± 0.23 at the 3rd day and 0.18 ± 0. 10 at the 4th week after RT (F=15. 126, P<0.05). Before RT, the Glut1 in rat tumor was 0.2558 ±0.03 and was decrease to 0. 2320 ± 0. 01 at the 3rd day and 0. 1320±0.04 at the 4th week after RT. The amounts of tumor cell apopto-sis, degradation, and necrosis increased with time after RT. Conclusion Though FDG PET could monitor the therapeutic effect at the 3rd day after giving single dose of RT to rat lung tumor model, the optimal time was the the 4th week after treatment.     

小儿肺炎支原体脑炎15例临床分析

肺炎支原体(MP)是小儿呼吸道感染的重要病原之一,有多种并发症,其中中枢神经系统损害是MP所致肺外疾患中最常见类型,于2003年1月2004年12月收治住院肺炎支原体感染患儿182例,其中并发脑炎者15例,占8.2%,现报道如下:     

肺间变性大细胞淋巴瘤1例

病人,男,21岁.咳嗽、咳痰、痰中带血2月余;抗感染治疗无效.查体:左、右锁骨上分别可触及约1.5 cm×1 cm肿大的淋巴结,无压痛,质硬,活动度可,表面光滑.右侧胸廓触觉语颤减弱,右肺呼吸音较低.胸部X线正侧位片:右肺上野透过度降低,内中带可见均匀致密阴影,边缘不规则.     

血液紫外线照射充氧治疗家兔梭曼急性中毒

目的 探讨紫外线照射充氧(UBIO)对梭曼急性中毒家兔全血乙酰胆酯酶(AchE)活性的影响及对梭曼中毒后肺损伤的治疗作用.方法 家兔40只,随机分为正常对照组、中毒组、常规治疗组及UBIO治疗组各10只,于治疗后2h检测全血AchE 活性及进行动脉血气分析.收集支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF),分析其中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性.结果 中毒组AchE活性显著低于对照组(P<0.01),BALF中AKP及ACP活性高于对照组(P<0.01).经UBIO治疗后AchE活性升高,且明显高于中毒组及常规治疗组.与中毒组比较,UBIO治疗组中AKP及ACP活性显著降低(P<0.05),而动脉血pH值、PaO2及SaO2明显升高(P<0.05),PaCO2明显降低(P<0.05).结论 UBIO能提高全血AchE活性及减轻梭曼中毒后的肺损伤,因而可能是一新的治疗梭曼急性中毒的途径.     

感觉神经系统-肺神经内分泌细胞与支气管哮喘的关系

支气管哮喘（哮喘）是一种严重危害人们生命健康的常见病，不断上升的哮喘患病率和病死率促使我们对其发病机制和治疗进行深入研究。多种因素共同参与的气道慢性炎症被认为是哮喘的本质，其机制复杂，迄今尚不十分清楚。目前神经肽介导的神经源性炎症与哮喘关系受到高度重视。     

hTERT启动子调控hNIS基因介导肺癌细胞碘摄取和131I治疗的实验研究

目的 构建含人端粒酶反转录酶(hTERT)核心启动子调控的人钠/碘同向转运体(hNIS)基因重组腺病毒,并靶向转染至肺癌A549细胞中特异性表达.探讨hTERT启动子调控的hNIS基因介导放射性碘治疗肿瘤的可能性.方法 应用AdEasy系统构建重组腺病毒Ad-hTERT-hNIS,同时构建巨细胞病毒(CMV)启动子调控的hNIS重组腺病毒Ad-CMV.hNIS作为阳性对照,不含hNIS的重组腺病毒Ad-CMV作为阴性对照.应用反转录.聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法验证hTERT在转染肿瘤细胞中的转录活性,摄碘实验检测表达的hNIS蛋白功能,细胞克隆形成实验评价131I对转染肿瘤细胞的毒性作用.结果 成功构建重组腺病毒Ad-hTERT-hNIS、Ad-CMV-hNIS及Ad-CMV,并经PCR验证正确.RT-PCR证实hNIS cDNA能从Ad-hTERT-hNIS转染的细胞中扩增出来.Ad-hTERT-hNIS和Ad-CMV-hNIS转染的肺癌A549细胞摄碘能力比阴性对照组Ad-CMV转染的细胞分别提高了23和31倍,且摄碘能力可以被NaClO4抑制.Ad-hTERT-hNIS和Ad-CMV-hNIS转染的肺癌A549细胞均可被131I杀死,2组细胞成活率分别为(31.2±1.45)%和(23.6±4.08)%,而阴性对照组和未转染病毒组分别为(89.0 ±2.99)%和(91.2 ±4.63)%.结论 hTERT启动子调控的hNIS重组腺病毒转染肿瘤细胞后,应用131I治疗有望成为一种新的基因靶向治疗手段.     

“肺主皮毛”的临床运用

肺在体合皮，其华在毛。如《素问·五脏生存篇》：“肺之合皮也，其荣毛也”。肺与皮毛在生理上相互联系。病理上相互影响，治疗上相互为用。笔者在临床诊治过程中常常运用肺朝百脉，肺主皮毛这些理论，不但疗效满意，而且独辟溪径。现介绍如下。     

吸入沙美特罗/氟替卡松治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病睡眠低氧的疗效观察

我科于2004年4月至2005年6月通过多导睡眠图(PSG)技术,观察吸入沙美特罗/氟替卡松(SM/FP)对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)睡眠低氧的改善情况及对睡眠结构的影响,间接评价其对COPD患者病程进展及预后的影响。     

肺癌患者院内下呼吸道感染细菌学与临床分析

目的 :了解肺癌院内下呼吸道感染的病原学及意义。方法 :分析住院肺癌院内下呼吸道感染菌谱、耐药性及临床特征。结果 :1肺癌患者发生院内下呼吸道感染共 41 2例 ,其中 期、 期明显低于 期、 期晚期肺癌 (P<0 .0 1 )。 2分离细菌 2 93株 ,革兰阴性细菌占 70 .91 % ,绿脓杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎杆菌、不动杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌、居前 5位 ,分离率分别为 1 8.77%、1 5 .70 %、1 1 .6 0 %、1 0 .9%、8.5 3 %。 3药敏提示绿脓杆菌、不动杆菌等出现多重高比例耐药。结论 :肺癌院内下呼吸道感染与临床分期密切相关 ,病原以革兰阴性杆菌为主 ,存在多重耐药