优质护理干预对结直肠癌新辅助化疗患者心理状态及生活质量的影响

目的探讨优质护理模式对结直肠癌新辅助化疗患者心理状态及生活质量的影响。方法选取2016年1月至2018年6月间辽宁省营口市中心医院收治的82例结直肠癌新辅助化疗患者,按入院先后顺序分为观察组和对照组,每组41例。观察组患者在常规护理基础上给予专业的优质护理干预,对照组患者给予常规护理干预。采用焦虑(SAS)和抑郁(SDS)自评量表以及健康调查简表(SF-36)对两组患者的心理状态和生活质量情况进行评价,同时采用自行设计的护理服务评价量表对患者护理满意度情况进行统计分析。结果采用不同护理方案干预后,观察组患者SAS评分及SDS评分均低于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(均P <0. 05);观察组患者SF-36量表中的总体健康、生理职能、情感职能、精神健康、活力及社会功能6个子项目改善程度较对照组患者高,差异均有统计学意义(均P <0. 05),观察组患者护理满意度为92. 7%,显著高于对照组患者的73. 2%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论优质护理干预可以有效的改善结直肠癌新辅助化疗患者焦虑、抑郁等不良心理状态,提高患者的生活质量及护理满意度,值得临床推广应用。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿粘连程度及相关因素分析

Objective To investigate the relationship between degree of endometrioma adhesions and clinical feature, surgical treatment and postoperative recurrence. Methods From Jan 2003 to Mar 2008, 662 patients with endometrioma undergoing laparoscopic ovarian endometrioma excision in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were studied retrospectively. All patients were classified into four groups according to the extent of adhesions: 31 cases in none adhesions group, 123 cases in mild adhesions group (filmy thickness, avascular, easily separated adhesions), 310 cases in moderate adhesions group (less than a half of ovary was adjacent to dense thickness adhesions which was difficult to separate, or above a half of ovary were adjacent to filmy thickness adhesions) and 198 cases in severe adhesions group (above a half of ovary was adjacent to dense thickness, well vascularized adhesions which was difficult to separate, and always involved the other pelvic organs, observed angiogenesis). The comparison of degree, characteristics, period of pain, lab test, surgical management and postoperative recurrence was performed among those above groups. In the mean time, risk factors and multinomial logistic regression were analyzed. Results (1)Clinical characteristics: The incidence of patients with dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, straining feeling in anus, chronic pelvic pain and the level of CA125 (>35 kU/L) was remarkably higher in moderate-to-severe adhesion groups than in none-to-mild adhesions groups (P=0.000, 0.000, 0.001, 0.006 and 0.000, respectively). Infertility rate were significantly higher in severe adhesions group(15.7%,31/198) than none adhesions group(3.2%,1/31), mild adhesions group(11.4%,14/123) and moderate adhesions group(9.7%,30/310, OR=1.728, P<0.05).(2)Operating time and blood loss: Operating time of each groups was as followed: (37±15) min in none adhesions group, (42±19) min in mild adhesions group, (50±20) min in moderate adhesions group and (63±22) min in severe adhesion group. Blood loss was (23±12) ml in none adhesion group, (31±27) ml in mild adhesion group, (40±32) ml in moderate adhesion group and (70±67) ml in severe adhesions group. Thicker adhesions result in longer operation time and more blood loss. (3)Combined with other disease: The ratio of patients who combined with adenomyosis or deeply infiltrating endometriosis in moderate-to-severer adhesion groups was higher than patients in none-to-mild adhesions groups (OR=3.466, P=0.000). (4) Postoperative recurrence: It was categorized into recurrence of pain and cyst. Moderate-to-severe adhesions was related to higher recurrence rate of pain (OR=1.685,P=0.046), but was irrelevant to recurrence of cyst. Conclusion The more extent of endometrioma adhesions was related to severer pelvic pain symptoms, longer operating time and more blood loss. Postoperative pain recurrence rate was observed in moderate-to-severe adhesion group. Extent of adhesions was irrelevant to cyst recurrence.     

端粒酶核酶hTERT 5''RZ时辰治疗人肝癌裸鼠移植瘤

我们在既往的研究中 ,为探讨肝癌裸鼠移植瘤细胞DNA合成与端粒酶表达的生物节律 ,在时辰同步化裸鼠中构建了肝癌细胞SMMC 772 1裸鼠移植瘤。继续在程控光照条件下饲养 ,于光照后 3,6 ,9,1 2 ,1 5 ,1 8,2 1小时取样 ,用流式细胞仪测定各时期细胞DNA含量 ,细胞周期分布及端粒酶活性水平。结果 ,肝癌裸鼠移植瘤细胞DNA合成随昼夜节律变化 ,且伴随端粒酶活性的同步节律变化 ,均在光照后 2 1小时达高峰 ,光照后 9小时处于低谷 ;节律周期呈余弦分布。表明 ,肝癌裸鼠移植瘤的生长与端粒酶活性表达在静止相达高峰 ,为制定肿瘤时辰化疗方案提…     

直肠癌术后放疗加化疗的疗效探讨

直肠癌是我国常见的恶性肿瘤之一，其最有效的治疗方法为手术，但单纯手术难以提高生存率。本文回顾我院1999—2005年收治的90例Ⅱ、Ⅲ期直肠腺癌患者术后行放疗结合化疗及单纯行放疗的结果，就术后综合治疗的价值分析如下。     

直肠癌术后化疗并发多器官功能衰竭的护理

2005年11月，我科成功抢救了1例直肠癌术后化疗并发多器官功能衰竭（MODS）患者，现报告如下。     

全身加温治疗晚期恶性肿瘤的初步临床研究

目的 观察全身热疗联合化疗治疗晚期恶性肿瘤的初步临床疗效及不良反应.方法 30例经病理学确诊的晚期恶性肿瘤患者在气管插管全身麻醉下,利用红外线辐射方法 进行全身加温治疗,食管中段温度达41.8℃,维持60～120min,联合化疗.结果 全部患者均能安全完成治疗,总有效率（CR＋PR）43.3%.不良反应主要是皮肤轻度灼伤,发生率为33.3%.结论 全身加温联合化疗治疗晚期恶性肿瘤是安全的,并且有一定的临床疗效,值得进一步研究.     

药膳和心理指导对减轻抗肿瘤药物毒性反应的作用

目前对抗肿瘤药物所产生的毒性反应还没有理想的解决办法，癌症病人在化疗期间可出现严重的恶心呕吐，毛发脱落，食欲减退，机体抵抗力低下等症状。选择112例确诊癌症病人为观察对象，其中对60例病人采取药膳和心理指导等综合治疗措施，其结果进行了比较，能达到减轻毒性反应的目的。总有效率为74．6％．确保了化疗的顺利进行．     

卡培他滨联合草酸铂治疗难治性食管癌的临床观察

目的观察卡培他滨联合草酸铂治疗难治性食管癌的疗效和毒副反应。方法共有20例经PF方案化疗2个周期无效的难治性Ⅳ期食管癌患者入组。采用卡培他滨1250mg/(m2·d)口服,第1~15d;草酸铂85mg/(m2·d)静滴,第1、15d;28d为1个周期,2个周期以后评价疗效。结果18例可评价疗效,其中完全缓解(CR)1例,部分缓解(PR)5例,稳定(SD)9例,进展(PD)3例,有效率为33.33%,临床受益率为83.33%。不良反应有恶心呕吐、腹泻、白细胞减少、口腔黏膜炎、外周神经感觉异常、手足综合征、脱发、肝脏损害等,大多数患者都能耐受。结论卡培他滨联合草酸铂治疗难治性食管癌疗效肯定,不良反应可以耐受,值得临床进一步研究。     

骶管阻滞治疗慢性盆腔痛的镇痛价值

目的探讨骶管阻滞治疗对慢性盆腔痛镇痛的应用价值。方法将76例慢性盆腔痛患者分为两组，治疗组39例采用骶管阻滞治疗，对照组37例用芬必得治疗。结果治疗组患者疼痛明显缓解，且起效快、完全缓解及缓解持续时间长，与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。治疗组总有效率为97．4％，对照组总有效率为81．1％，治疗组疗效优于对照组（P〈0．05）；不良反应发生率治疗组5．1％，明显低于对照组的27％（P〈0．01）。结论骶管阻滞镇痛疗效优于芬必得，且无明显副作用，可作为临床治疗慢性盆腔痛一种新的治疗途径。