如何最大限度消除放化疗毒副反应

目前,放射治疗及化学治疗仍然是医生们治疗癌症的主要方法。放疗是用放射线杀伤癌细胞的疗法,即将癌细胞“烧死”。化疗是用化学药物杀死癌细胞的疗法,即将癌细胞“毒死”。不可否认,放疗及化疗在治疗癌症中都发挥了重要作用。然而,放疗及化疗均属“全面封杀”、“只攻不守”,在杀死癌细胞的同时也会将正常细胞杀死,还能导致胃肠功能紊乱、骨髓抑制等毒副反应,尤其是破     

阿米福汀对同步放化疗杀伤肺癌细胞作用的影响

目的　探讨阿米福汀在多烯紫杉醇和同步放射治疗非小细胞肺癌过程中对肺癌组织细胞是否有保护作用。方法　使用MTT方法评价在多烯紫杉醇和同步照射 (10Gy)体外培养的SPC A1肺癌细胞过程中 ,阿米福汀对SPC A1肺癌细胞的影响 ;以Lewis肺癌荷瘤鼠模型评价在多烯紫杉醇同步放射 (10Gy)在体Lewis肺癌过程中 ,阿米福汀对Lewis肺癌的影响。结果　体外实验表明同步放化疗加阿米福汀组和同步放化疗组的吸光度分别相当于对照组的 2 2 .8%和 2 4 .4 % ,两组之间比较 ,经过t检验P >0 .0 5。体内实验表明 ,同步放化疗加阿米福汀组和同步放化疗组在实验观察的 2 0d内 ,相同时间点两组动物的肿瘤体积差异无统计学意义。结论　在多烯紫杉醇和放疗同步治疗肺癌过程中 ,阿米福汀无论是对离体还是在体的肿瘤细胞没有保护作用 ,多烯紫杉醇和同步放射治疗肺癌的疗效不会因为使用阿米福汀而减弱     

全髓细胞白血病诊治体会（附1例报告）

1 病历介绍 男,42岁,以鼻出血、黑便待查收入院。患者入院前6天曾无明显诱因出现低热、全身乏力、食欲不振,时有胸部不适,按感冒治疗,常规降热、消炎药物无效,入院前1天鼻出血、便黑而来就诊。体检:面色、口唇苍白,齿龈肿胀,巩膜无黄染,双下肢无浮肿,体温39.1℃,血压正常,脉搏71次/min,神志清,应答准确,全身骨压痛,尤以胸骨为重,四肢及躯干散在大小不等的出血点,甚至核桃大的瘀斑,肝、脾及浅表淋巴结中度肿大,胸部透视示心脏、肺无异常。实验室检查:白细胞18.8×10~9/L,红细胞1.39×10~(12)/L,血红蛋白49g/L,血小板38×10~9/L,血沉65mm/h。血涂片分类:原始粒细胞0.39,早幼粒细胞0.02,中性分叶核细胞0.03,中幼红细胞0.07,晚幼红细胞0.25,淋巴细胞0.24;原始粒细胞中Aer小体多见,并可见到小巨核细胞。同髓涂片示有核细胞增生明显活跃,粒红比为0.549:1,原始粒细胞0.025,原始红细胞0.005,早幼红细胞0.045,中幼红细胞0.33,晚幼红细胞0.23,淋巴细胞0.035。粒系占     

经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管在恶性肿瘤化疗中的应用

静脉化疗是恶性肿瘤的主要治疗途径之一 ,反复多次的静脉给药可使血管内膜损伤 ,弹性下降 ,管径缩小 ,严重者可影响下一疗程治疗。而许多化疗药物常导致静脉炎 ,若渗漏皮下又可引起局部组织坏死。我们自 2 0 0 2年 10月～ 2 0 0 3年 10月对42例中晚期恶性肿瘤患者 ,采用经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(peripherallylnsertedcentralcatheter ,PICC )注入化疗药物 ,效果满意 ,现总结如下。1　资料与方法1.1　临床资料本组 42例患者均经细胞学和 (或 )病理组织学检查证实为恶性肿瘤 ,按美国癌症 (AJCC)临床分期标准进行分期 ,均属Ⅲ～Ⅳ期 ,有…     

"零毒化疗":最大限度消除放化疗毒副反应

目前，放射治疗（简称放疗）及化学治疗（简称化疗），仍然是医生们治疗癌症的主要方法。放疗是用放射线杀伤癌细胞的疗法，即将癌细胞“烧死”；化疗是用化学药物杀死癌细胞的疗法，即将癌细胞“毒死”。     

《结核病化学疗法与化学实施》正式出版发行

结核病的化学治疗是治疗结核病和预防结核病的主要措施，化疗的发展很快，变异较多，本书由全国多位结核病专家联合编写，具有权威性和指导性，由化学工业出版社正式出版，采用国际开本，双色印刷，定价39．00元，欲购者请写明册数、详细地址和姓名，款到寄书。[第一段]     

妇科恶性肿瘤化疗的护理体会

肿瘤的化学治疗(简称化疗)已成为可以和手术、放疗并列治疗肿瘤的三个主要手段之一。为了使患者减轻在化疗过程中带来的痛苦，提高其生活质量，顺利渡过化疗期，予以化疗前心理护理和健康宣教；加强化疗中静脉用药和用药后所引起毒副反应的护理；化疗后出院指导；从而给患者一个全面化疗护理。     

乙肝病毒标志物阳性肺结核患者抗结核治疗肝功能损害的观察

目的 :观察抗结核药物对HBV M阳性肺结核患者肝功能的影响。方法 :比较HBV M阳性和阴性肺结核患者抗结核治疗肝功能损害的情况。结果 :HBV M阳性患者肝损率比阴性者明显增高。结论 :抗结核药物致肝损害 ,HBV M阳性者比阴性者多 ,可能与用药前肝脏病理损害严重有关。应选用肝损害小的药物并积极采取综合措施进行防范     

浆膜受侵的结直肠癌术后腹腔化疗联合静脉化疗的临床研究

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy to systemic chemotherapy alone for serosa-involved colorectal cancer. Methods According to the criteria of serosa-involving in colorectal cancer, 332 cases were divided into 2 groups prospectively without randomization. Study group (n=166) was treated with intraperitoneal chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy, and control group (n=166) with systemic chemotherapy alone. Incidence of local recurrence, peritoneal metastasis, hepatic metastasis, other distant metastasis and 3-year, 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of two groups were compared. Results 3-year and 5-year OS rates of stage Ⅱ B in study group were similar to those in control group (χ2=0.612,P=0.434). The above rates of stage Ⅲ in study group were higher than those in control group (χ2=3.989,P=0.046). Either the study group or the control group, the 3-year and 5-year OS rates of patients undergone laparoscopic surgery or open surgery were similar (P=0.839, P=0.172). Incidences of local recurrence, peritoneal metastasis and hepatic metastasis in study group were 1.9%, 3.8% and 3.8% respetively, lower than those in control group (8.2%,9.5% and 10.1%,P<0.05). Distant metastasis rate in study group was similar to that in control group. In study group, intraperitoneal chemotherapy regimen with Oxaliplatin had lower rates of peritoneal metastasis and hepatic metastasis as compared to that with Cisplatin (0.9% vs 8.8% ,P=0.019), while the incidences of local recurrence and other distant metastasis were similar. Conclusions Postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy improves 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates in patients with stage Ⅲ serosa-involved colorectal cancer, and decreases local recurrence, peritoneal metastasis and liver metastasis rate, especially when intraperitoneal chemotherapy regimen contains Oxaliphtin. Comparing with open surgery, laparoscopic surgery dose not improve 3-year and S-year overall survival rates in patients receiving combined chemotherapy or systemic chemotherapy alone.