母乳贮存中细菌及免疫球蛋白变化的观察

1992年11月～1993年5月,我院母乳库收集的母乳258份,随机抽取150份,每份2ml 进行巴氏消毒前后细菌检测,又抽取60份,每份2ml 进行免疫物质测定。其结果消毒前菌检合格率20%,即使冷冻储存也只能达到30%,巴氏消毒后合格率达96.67～100%(P<0.01)。消毒前SIgA 为428.38±51.23mg/L,IgG 为357.79±67.24mg/L,消毒后SIgA 损失16.48%,IgG 损失35.58%。经母乳库贮奶常规消毒后给300多人次婴儿服用,未发生腹泻、呕吐等胃肠道及其它反应,无母乳性黄疸出现。     

广西北部城市与边远少数民族地区乳母初乳中α－生育酚含量比较

广西北部城市与边远少数民族地区乳母初乳中α－生育酚含量比较郑明慈，周陆生，张国风，梁明轩（桂林医学院围产医学研究室，桂林５４１００１）关键词：α－生育酚，初乳，山区Ｃｏｍｐａｒｉｓｏｎｏｆａ－ｔｏｃｏｐｈｅｒｏｌＣｏｎｔｅｎｔｉｎＨｕｍａｎＣｏｌｏｓ...     

挤奶日记联合针筒收集初乳法应用于母婴分离产妇对早期泌乳的影响

目的:探讨挤奶日记联合针筒收集初乳法应用于母婴分离产妇对早期泌乳的影响.方法:选取2019年3月至2020年3月于无锡第九人民医院分娩的母婴分离产妇96例,按随机数字表法分为两组,每组各48例.对照组给予常规泌乳指导,观察组在常规泌乳基础上行挤奶日记联合针筒收集初乳法干预.比较两组产后0～24 h、25～48 h及49...     

口腔涂抹初乳应用于早产儿的效果

目的 探讨口腔涂抹初乳应用于早产儿的效果.方法 选取2019年1月-2021年1月我院收治的60例早产儿作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各30例.对照组实施常规护理干预,观察组在对照组的基础上实施口腔涂抹初乳干预.观察两组干预后各项喂养指标情况以及并发症发生情况.结果 观察组恢复至出生体重时间、完...     

乙型肝炎病毒血清学标志物阳性的产妇乳汁母婴传播的研究

采用固相放射免疫法（ＲＩＡ）检测８８例产妇血清乙型肝炎标志物（ＨＢＶ－Ｍ）阳性的初乳，其中ＨＢＶ－Ｍ（＋）者２０例，阳性检出率为２２．７３％，表明血清ＨＢＶ－Ｍ（＋）产妇乳汁中存在ＨＢＶ－Ｍ，且大三阳者排毒率最高，达３０．７７％。同时对初乳ＨＢＶ－Ｍ（＋）者２０例及ＨＢＶ－Ｍ（－）者２０例进行动态监测过渡乳及成熟乳，结果初乳ＨＢＶ－Ｍ（－）者过渡乳和成熟乳ＨＢＶ－Ｍ可为阳性，说明动态观察乳汁中ＨＢＶ－Ｍ很有必要。     

初乳中矿物质与微量元素的测定及临床营养学意义

对65例健康产妇初乳中的矿物质和微量元素钙、镁、磷、锌、铜和硒进行了测定,并以市售牛乳为对照。结果表明,初乳中微量元素锌、铜、硒含量丰富,基本能满足新生儿的营养需求;而矿物质元素钙、镁、磷的含量则显著低于牛乳。由于母乳中的无机元素生物利用度较高,所以初乳仍不失为新生儿早期矿物质及微量元素的最佳来源。同时也提示孕妇在孕期注意矿物质元素的及时补充对产后提高乳汁质量是非常重要的。     

母初乳中脊髓灰质炎病毒、麻疹病毒及风疹病毒IgA抗体的测定及临床意义

本文用ELISA方法检测了30份母初乳中脊髓灰质炎病毒Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型、麻疹病毒及风疹病毒IgA抗体。结果显示,母乳中IgA抗体水平≥1:20的,脊髓灰质炎病毒Ⅰ、Ⅱ型均占86.7％,Ⅲ型占83.3％,麻疹病毒占66.7％,风疹病毒占60％。母乳中这些特异性抗体的存在,一方面反映了母亲粘膜所接触的抗原,可为病原体的流行病学研究提供依据;另一方面说明母乳喂养对保护婴儿免于感染有着重要意义。     

脐血铅、初乳铅含量对新生儿神经行为发育的影响

目的 探讨在宫内低水平铅暴露状态下,新生儿脐血铅含量及初乳铅铅含量与神经行为发育的关系.方法 随机选取南京市妇幼保健院医院产科2010年1-4月出生的足月新生儿170例.以脐血铅和初乳铅铅含量作为新生儿铅暴露的指标,新生儿神经行为NBNA发育评分作为效应指标.结果 高暴露组和低暴露组在新生儿主动肌张力、原始反射和神经行...     

Lead level in foremilk and neurobehavioral development of neonates

BACKGROUND: Recently, it has been reported that blood lead level lower than 24 μmol/L can lead to learning and cognitive deficits. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of lead level in foremilk and early neurobehavioral development of neonates taking lead level in foremilk as lead exposure index. DESIGN: A controlled observation. SETTING: Maternal and Child Health Center, Shanxi Children's Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Totally 128 neonates of full-term normal delivery, 76 male and 52 female, from Shanxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Center and Jiexiu Maternal and Child Health Center were involved in this study. All the involved neonates had no peripartal ischemic/hypoxic history. The corresponding puerperants were aged （27±5）years. They had no various acute and chronic diseases during pregnancy, and family history of neurological disease as well as occupational lead exposure. Informed consents of detected items were obtained from the puerperants. METHODS: ① Determination of lead level in foremilk: Altogether 128 foremilk samples, 1 mL each, were collected between January and February 2005. The same amount of violet acid was added to each sample. After foremilk was fully dissolved, 0.2 mL solution was taken for determining lead level with atomic absorption spectrometer in graphite stove. The determined process strictly followed the internal quantity control of laboratory and was involved in the blind quality control of Institute of Environmental Health of Chinese Academy. ② Participants grouping: Totally 128 neonates were involved, and the normal reference value of lead level of foremilk was 0.06–0.48 μmol/L. The involved neonates were assigned into high-level lead group (≥ 0.24 μmol/L, n =60) and low-level lead group (< 0.24 μmol/L, n =68). ③ Assessment of neurobehavioral development of neonates: Neurobehavioral development level of neonates who was born 24 to 72 hours was assessed with 20-item neonatal neurobehavioral determination method, which involved behavioral ability (6 items), passive muscular tension (4 items), active muscular tension (4 items), primitive reflection (3 items) and general evaluation (3 items). Each above-mentioned scoring had 3 scales (0,1 and 2 points). The full mark of 20 items was 40 points. Neurological behaviors of neonates might be unabnormal when scoring was < 35 points. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Assessment results of neurobehavioral development of neonates in high- and low-level lead neonates. RESULTS: After lead-level determination, the involved neonates in two groups participated in the final analysis. Neurobehavioral total scores of neonates of high-level lead group were lower than those in the low-level lead group [（35.9±1.3） points vs.（37.7±1.4） points,P < 0.01]. The scores of neonatal erection in high-level lead group were lower than those in low-level lead group [（1.4±0.4） points vs.（1.8±0.5） points,P <0.01], and time for head erection of neonates in the high-level lead group was shortened as compared with that in the low-level lead group [（1.8±1.7） minutes vs.（3.3±2.2） minutes,P < 0.01]. CONCLUSION: 0.24 μmol/L lead level in foremilk has certain relationship with neurobehavioral development. The main influenced manifestations are shortened duration of neonatal head erection and actively contracted extensor, i.e. cervical curved ability is weakened.