腰硬联合麻醉在子宫全切术中的应用

目前腰硬联合阻滞麻醉在临床麻醉中应用比较广泛，本研究比较腰硬联合麻醉和单纯硬膜外麻醉对循环系统的影响，现报道如下。     

自制筛孔状硬膜外麻醉导管治疗泪管阻塞的临床观察

目的探讨筛孔状导管治疗泪管阻塞症的可行性。方法对确诊为泪管阻塞症的180例(220眼)患者,采用自制的筛孔状硬膜外麻醉导管留置术进行治疗,术后随访观察。结果本组治愈177眼(80.5%),有效26眼(11.8%),无效17眼(7.7%)。结论筛孔状硬膜外麻醉导管留置术治疗泪管阻塞症方法操作简便,安全可行,疗效确切,是一种基层医院值得推行的治疗手段。     

脊柱矫形术中唤醒试验的麻醉体会

<正>脊髓损伤是脊柱外科矫形手术中最严重的并发症,迄今为止仍未能完全避免,当患者手术结束完全清醒后发现脊髓损伤,虽然立即去除器械,采取各种措施,但脊髓功能仍不能完全恢复。     

小儿脐部单孔法腹腔镜阑尾切除术的麻醉处理

随着现代家庭保健意识增强 ,小儿外科医师诊断水平的提高 ,阑尾炎患儿大多能在 2 4h内确诊 ,病理改变多属单纯性和早期化脓性阑尾炎 ,对于这类早期病例可利用小儿腹腔解剖上的一些特点以及腹腔镜利于观察作阑尾炎定性诊断的优点 ,采用更简单的腹腔镜阑尾切除方法。小儿具有腹     

无痛流产护理体会

许多年来，我国的人工流产都是在无麻醉镇痛下进行的，受术者必须忍受痛苦和恐惧的煎熬。同时术中刺激迷走神经会引起心动过缓、血压下降、恶心呕吐、胸闷、面色苍白、出冷汗等症状，重者可引起昏厥和抽搐。为了解除人工流产的痛苦，我院麻醉科与妇科联手自2003年12月开始，对1856例早孕妇女采用国内外较先进的技术及药物、借鉴好的经验方法、采取严密的监护措施进行无痛人流术，患者无痛苦，效果好。现将护理体会介绍如下。     

硬膜外麻醉复合瑞芬太尼用于腹腔镜妇科手术麻醉观察

目的：观察瑞芬太尼复合硬膜外麻醉下行腹腔镜妇科手术的安全性和有效性。方法：随机选择40例择期行腹腔镜妇科手术患者，行T10-11硬膜外间隙穿刺，麻醉平面控制在T6-L2；开始气腹前10min以6μg／（kg·h）输注瑞芬，气腹开始后根据情况以6～4μg（kg·h）速度维持。记录不同时间点的血压，心率，SpO2变化。结果：40例患者均顺利完成手术，硬膜外麻醉后，以气腹开始1min内血压变化最大，与基础值相比差异有统计学意义；HR在气腹开始1min内下降幅度最大，与基础值相比差异有统计学意义。SpO2在各时间点没有明显变化。结论：只要硬膜外麻醉阻滞完善．术中重视麻醉管理，瑞芬太尼复合硬膜外麻醉下行腹腔镜妇科手术是安全可行的。     

Changes in T .lymphocyte subsets after severe traumatic brain inJury

BACKGROUND： Besides local changes of cranial parenchymal cells, hemorrhage, etc., severe traumatic brain injuries also cause the changes of total body fluid and various functions, and the changes of lymphocytes and T lymphocyte subsets should be paid more attention to. OBJECTIVE： To reveal the changing laws of T lymphocyte subsets after severe traumatic brain injury, and compare with mild to moderate brain injury. DESIGN： A comparative observation. SETTINGS： Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang District Buji People＇s Hospital of Shenzhen City; Central Laboratory of Shenzhen Hospital of Prevention and Cure for Chronic Disease. PARTICIPANTS： All the subjects were selected from the Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang District Buji People＇s Hospital of Shenzhen City from August 2002 to August 2005. Thirty patients with severe brain injury, whose Glasgow coma score （GCS） was ≤ 8 points, were taken as the experimental group, including 21 males and 9 females, aging 16 - 62 years. Meanwhile, 30 patients with mild traumatic brain injury were taken as the control group （GCS ranged 14- 15 points）, including 18 males and 12 females, aging 15 -58 years. All the subjects were in admission at 6 hours after injury, without disease of major organs before injury Informed consents were obtained from all the patients or their relatives. METHODS： （1） The T lymphocytes and the subsets in peripheral blood were detected with immunofluorescent tricolor flow cytometry at l, 3, 7 and 14 days after injury in both groups. （2） The conditions of pulmonary infections were observed at 4 days after injury. The differences of measurement data were compared with the t test. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Changes of T lymphocytes subsets at 1 - 14 days after severe and mild or moderate traumatic injury. RESULTS： Finally, 28 and 25 patients with mild to moderate traumatic brain injury, whereas 25 and 21 patients with severe traumatic brain injury were analyzed at 7 and 14 days respectively, and the missed ones died due to the development of disease. （1） Changes of T lymphocyte subsets： At 1 and 3 days after injury, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 began to decrease, whereas CD8 increased in the experimental group, which were very significantly different from those in the control group （t =2.77 - 3.26, P 〈 0.01）, and began to recover at 7 days, which were significantly different from those in the control group （t = 2.06 - 2.24, P 〈 0.05）, and generally recovered to the normal levels at 14 days （P 〉 0.05）. （2） Conditions of pulmonary infections： At 4 days after injury, the rate of pulmonary infection was significantly different between the experimental group and control group [73% （22/30）, 0, x2=37.29, P 〈 0.01]. CONCLUSION： Patients with severe traumatic brain injury suffer from damages of cellular immune function at early period （within 7 days）, and they are easily to be accompanied by pulmonary infections.     

老年全麻患者手术后在恢复室的护理

随着医学科学的发展，社会人均寿命延长，患者的年龄越来越大，人们目益提高的生活质量要求，接受手术治疗的老年患者数量有明显增长。但是，老年人因其生理特点，常并发多种疾病，为了提高老年患者的手术成功率，减少术后并发症和预防合并症复发，对老年患者在恢复室进行护理观察和治疗，让老年患者安全度过麻醉关，具有十分重要的意义。现将护理体会总结如下。     

口腔颌面外科学：麻醉与手术

经鼻盲探插管在小儿困难气管插管中的应用；传统颈淋巴清扫术经典手术入路的反思；机械通气在婴幼儿唇腭裂修复术麻醉中的应用；19例复发性鳃裂囊肿和瘘的手术治疗体会。